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1.
目的探析中高频听力下降型突发性聋采取耳后注射甲强龙治疗的临床效果及可行性。方法选取2019年5月~2020年7月本院耳鼻喉科就诊的中高频听力下降型突发性聋患者,共纳入病例54例,以随机法分组,即常规组(n=27)和观察组(n=27),常规组予常规治疗,观察组采取耳后注射甲强龙,比较两组效果。结果观察组有效率相比于常规组显著提高(P<0.05);治疗3周后,观察组2000~8000Hz频率听力提高值与常规组比(P<0.05)。结论中高频听力下降型突发性聋采取耳后注射甲强龙治疗效果理想,值得推广。  相似文献   
2.
介绍了《医疗器械监督管理条例》(以下简称《条例》)的法律属性与地位,详细分析了2021年版《条例》修订确立的风险管理、全程管控、科学监管、社会共治以及严格责任等监管原则,指出2021年版《条例》在将医疗器械注册人制度确立为医疗器械行业基本制度的同时规定了多项旨在满足临床急需的管理制度。阐述了2021年版《条例》的修订对产业创新发展和产业整体安全产生的深远影响,对医疗器械法规研究以及行业产业发展具有重要的意义。  相似文献   
3.
The effectiveness of telehealth and personalized digital health became evident during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. This article defines what personalized digital health is and provides selected examples of the various personalized digital health devices patients may be using. The article also delves into how to implement and incorporate these personalized digital health devices in practice and presents suggestions on political actions that nurse practitioners need to advocate for with regard to telehealth and personalized digital health policy.  相似文献   
4.
ObjectiveThis study aimed to analyze national influenza infection control policy documents within aged care settings by identifying the consistencies, inconsistencies, and gaps with the current evidence and by evaluating methodological quality. Aged care providers can use these findings to identify their policy documents' strengths and weaknesses.DesignA quality and content analysis of national level policy documents.Setting and ParticipantsAged care settings rely on national agencies' policy recommendations to control and prevent outbreaks. There is limited research on the effectiveness of control measures to prevent and treat influenza within aged care settings. Because of the complexities around aged care governance, the primary responsibility in developing a comprehensive facility-level, infection-prevention policy, falls to the providers.MethodsThe analysis was conducted using the (1) International Appraisal of Guidelines, Research and Evaluation assessment tool, containing 23 items across 6 domains; and the (2) Influenza Related Control Measures in Aged Care settings checklist, developed by the authors, with 82 recommendations covering: medical interventions, nonmedical interventions, and physical layout.ResultsThere were 19 documents from 9 different high-income countries, with a moderately high methodological quality in general. The quality assessment's average score was 40.2% (95% CI 31.9%–44.7%). “Stakeholder involvement” ranked third, and “Editorial independence” and “Rigor of development” had the lowest average scores across all domains. The content analysis' average score was 37.2% (95% CI 10.5%–21.5%). The highest scoring document (59.1%) included term definitions, cited evidence for recommendations, and clear measurable instructions. “Physical Layout” had the least coverage and averaged 21.9% (95% CI 4.2%–37.5%), which shows a substantial gap in built environment recommendations.Conclusions and ImplicationsExisting policy documents vary in their comprehensiveness. The higher scoring documents provide an ideal model for providers. The checklist tools can be used to assess and enhance documents. Further research on document end-user evaluation would be useful, as there is room for improvement in methodological quality and coverage of recommendation coverage, especially related to physical layout.  相似文献   
5.
深化家庭医生签约服务是深化医药卫生体制改革、强化基层医疗卫生服务、实现"健康中国"战略目标的重要选择,也是当前更好维护人民群众健康的重要途径。为有效推进签约服务工作,国家陆续推出各项政策,全国各地也在积极进行实践探索,成效明显。但是,签约服务仍面临诸多问题,其中"执行难"是签约服务深度推进的一大困境。通过史密斯政策执行过程模型,结合签约服务政策执行过程,发现签约服务仍存在法治性不足、政策执行人员水平不高、激励不足、政策环境影响等诸多制约因素。因此,需要从法律和制度方面进行顶层设计、提升执行人员素质和职业认同、建立医患互信、优化政策执行环境等角度进行政策创新,探索家庭医生签约服务可持续发展的路径。  相似文献   
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7.
Taking the Chinese city of Xiamen as an example, simulation and quantitative analysis were performed on the transmissions of the Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19) and the influence of intervention combinations to assist policymakers in the preparation of targeted response measures. A machine learning model was built to estimate the effectiveness of interventions and simulate transmission in different scenarios. The comparison was conducted between simulated and real cases in Xiamen. A web inter...  相似文献   
8.
近年来肿瘤免疫治疗迅速发展,极大地改善了许多实体瘤患者的预后。但并非所有实体瘤患者都能产生持久的反 应,且其疗效也受到免疫治疗相关不良反应的限制。目前,实体瘤内免疫治疗作为一种局部免疫治疗手段越来越受到关注。本 文首先介绍当前实体瘤的免疫治疗研究现状,分析了实体瘤内免疫治疗这一新兴治疗手段在减少药物的系统性暴露及其不良反 应、增强肿瘤免疫原性、克服肿瘤异质性等方面的显著优势,然后就目前可用于实体瘤内免疫治疗的药物及其应用进展进行了简 要地归纳,最后从疗效评价、具体实施等方面总结了实体瘤内免疫治疗所面临的挑战与对策,以期达到对实体瘤内免疫治疗理念 的推广和普及作用。  相似文献   
9.
Vaccination is a vital health care initiative to prevent individual and population infection. To increase vaccination rates the federal government implemented the ‘No Jab, No Pay’ policy, where eligibility for several government benefits required children to be fully vaccinated by removing ‘conscientious objections’ and expanding the age range of children whose families receive benefits. This study assesses the impact of this policy at a local area within a single medical practice community in NSW, Australia. A retrospective clinical audit was performed between 2012 and 2017 on a single general practice's vaccination records for children ≤19 years. Catch-up vaccinations were assessed based on age at vaccination. Incidence of catch-up vaccinations was assessed for each of four years before and two years after the implementation of the ‘No Jab, No Pay’ policy in January 2016, along with the age of children and vaccination(s) given. Catch-up vaccinations were assessed temporally either side of implementation of ‘No Jab, No Pay’. Comparing the average annual vaccination catch-up incidence rate of 6.2% pre-implementation (2012–2015), there was an increase to 9.2% in 2016 (p < .001) and 7.8% in 2017 (p = .027). Secondary outcome measurement of catch-up vaccination incidence rates before (2012–2015) and after (2016–2017) ‘No Jab, No Pay’ implementation showed statistically significant increases for children aged 8–11 years (3.2%–5.6%, p = .038), 12–15 years (7.5%–14.7%, p < .001) and 16–19 years (3.3%–10.2%, p < .001) along with a statistically significant reduction in children aged 1–3 years (11.4%–6.2%, p = .015). Also, catch-up rates for DTPa significantly increased after program implementation. This study demonstrates that the Australian federal government vaccination policy ‘No Jab, No Pay’ was coincident with an increase in catch-up vaccinations within a rural NSW community served by one medical practice, especially for older children.  相似文献   
10.
This article explores the dynamics between fat shaming, neoliberalism, ideological constructions of health and the ‘obesity epidemic’ within the UK, using the UK Government’s recent Tackling Obesity campaign in response to Covid-19 as an illustration. We draw attention to how fat shaming as a practice that encourages open disdain for those living with excess weight operates as a moralising tool to regulate and manage those who are viewed as ‘bad’ citizens. In doing so, we begin by outlining how the ideological underpinnings of ‘health’ have been transformed under neoliberalism. We then consider the problematic use of fat shaming discourses that are often used as tools to promote ‘healthy’ lifestyle choices by those who view it as not only an acceptable way of communicating the health risks associated with obesity but also a productive way of motivating people with obesity to lose weight. Drawing on Graham Scambler’s theoretical framework regarding shame and blame (2020), we discuss how ‘heaping blame on shame’ has become a ‘wilful political strategy’ under neoliberalism, particularly as it relates to individuals with obesity, and how the Tackling Obesity campaign leverages concerns around ‘choices’ and ‘costs’ as a means through which to encourage normative models of self-care and self-discipline.  相似文献   
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