血浆纤维蛋白原水平与复发性流产关系的研究

目的探讨血浆纤维蛋白原与复发性流产的关系。方法应用免疫比浊法检测复发性流产组30例和对照组30例血浆纤维蛋白原(fibrinogen,Fg)的含量。结果复发性流产组血浆Fg水平为(2.31±0.57)g/L,对照组为(3.08±0.57)g/L,差异有统计学意义(p<0.05);2次流产组为(2.59±0.53)g/L,2次以上流产组血浆Fg水平为(1.86±0.24)g/L,差异有统计学意义(p<0.05);早期流产组与晚期流产组血浆Fg水平差异无统计学意义(p>0.05)。结论血浆纤维蛋白原水平降低是复发性流产的发病因素,流产次数是影响纤维蛋白原水平的重要因素,流产时限与血浆纤维蛋白原水平无明显相关。     

烧伤后血浆纤维连接蛋白的动态观察

目的研究烧伤患者创面修复过程中２４ｈ到３周血浆纤维连接蛋白（Ｆｎ）变化规律及创面烧伤程度与Ｆｎ的关系。方法采用酶标仪比浊法检测５０例正常人和３５例烧伤患者。结果１６例烧伤总面积＞５０％以上的患者伤后２４ｈ出现血浆Ｆｎ明显下降，在伤后１周仍出现第２次下降，至２周后渐渐恢复正常水平。１９例烧伤总面积＜５０％以下的患者血浆Ｆｎ一般都处在正常范围内。７例死亡患者血浆Ｆｎ含量始终偏低。结论提示Ｆｎ的含量与烧伤后病情变化关系密切，并起着十分重要的作用     

A turbidimetric determination of protein by trichloroacetic acid

Based on the turbidimetric response of protein with 50%-trichloroacetic acid (TCA), this study aims to introduce an assay method for protein in solution. The standard procedure consists of mixing equal volume of sample solution (standard or unknown) with 50%-TCA solution and measuring the absorbance at 450 nm after 20 min. The absorbances of the solutions were almost stable over 120 min at room temperature. This assay method is simple, reproducible, and tolerant to many interfering substances. It can detect less amount than 10 μg/ml of bovine serum albumin. The assay method has low protein-to-protein variability over wide range of molecular weight.     

Kinetic study on the initial stage of the fibrinogen-fibrin conversion by thrombin. (II) Application of enzyme kinetics to turbidimetrical method

The kinetic treatment of the initial stage of the fibrinogen-fibrin conversion, reported in our preceding paper, was improved. Presuming zero turbidity in the induction period, Ip, of turbidity-time curves, the zero concentration of fibrin monomer at the end of induction period was considered to be constant. At that time, the formation velocity of such smallest polymers of fibrin monomer as detectable by turbidimetry was represented by an equation similar to an equation described in the enzyme kinetics. The constant, Kmp, derived from our equation, corresponding to the Michaelis-Menten constant to be 1.79 X 10(-6) M, which is somewhat smaller than the Michaelis-Menten constant of proteolysis of fibrinogen by thrombin. Thus, it was concluded that practical and handy kinetic assay was possible on the initial stage of the fibrinogen-fibrin conversion.     

糖化血红蛋白两种测定方法的比较

目的探讨免疫抑制透射比浊法（TINIA）和离子交换高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定糖化血红蛋白（HbAlc）的相关性及其临床应用。方法根据美国临床实验室标准化委员会（NCCLS）实验评价方案进行精密度、线性、方法比对及偏倚实验,结果采用回归方程和t检验进行统计分析。结果HbAlc浓度在3．9％-15．2％范围时无论是TINIA还是HPLC法,都有良好的重复性和线性关系,但以HPLC法更佳。偏倚对比分析显示在高水平TINIA与HPLC成负偏倚,低水平时成正偏倚。在方法比对实验中的两组数据没有统计学意义（P〉0．05）,以TINIA测定结果为Y轴、HPLC的为X轴进行相关性分析：y=0．7857x＋1．264,r=0．89两者呈正相关。结论通过方法学评价,本实验室两种方法测定HbAlc的精密度、线性范围符合临床要求,结果具有可比性;HPLC法的重复性更住、更适合临床用于糖尿病的治疗监测。     

磺基水杨酸检测尿液和脑脊液蛋白自动比浊法的建立

目的对磺基水杨酸比浊法进行改良,并对其测定尿液和脑脊液蛋白的自动化分析进行评价。方法应用改良磺基水杨酸仪器比浊法(简称仪器法),在全自动生化分析仪上建立测定参数,评价其方法的精密度、线性范围、回收率,并与手工磺基水杨酸比浊法(简称手工法)进行比较。结果批内和批间变异系数(CV)分别为1.2%～1.5%和2.1%～3.5%。线性范围为0.037～2.38 g/L。回收率为85.6%～109.2%。与手工法比较,Y仪器=0.980 4X手工+0.010 8,相关系数(r)=0.982。结论改良的磺基水杨酸比浊法测定微量总蛋白具有较高的精密度和准确度,适合于全自动生化分析仪。     

比浊法在线自动测定红霉素片的效价

目的建立测定红霉素肠溶片效价的方法。方法采用比浊法测定红霉素的效价,并与管碟法比较。结果红霉素检测浓度的线性范围为(0.09～1.0)IU/mL(R2=0.998);回收率为98.33%～102.67%(RSD=1.46%);比浊法与管碟法的测定结果比较,差异无统计学意义。结论本方法操作更快捷、方便。     

24例多发性骨髓瘤的免疫球蛋白检测结果分析

收集多发性骨髓瘤（ｍｕｌｔｉｐｌｅｍｙｌｏｍａ，ＭＭ）患者２４例，血清标本通过免疫散射比浊法测定免疫球蛋白（ｉｍｍｕｎｏｇｌｏｂｕｌｉｎ，Ｉｇ），同时与其蛋白定量、蛋白电泳结果相比较，发现免疫球蛋白的结果与前两者检测结果吻合率为４１７％，不完全支持诊断分析结果表明：抗原抗体的活性、效价及最适浓度比是影响免疫反应的重要因素；因Ｉｇ存在不同种类、亚类，加之Ｍ蛋白是单克隆Ｉｇ，所用试剂对Ｍ蛋白的检测是否完全适用有待探讨；Ｍ蛋白往往无抗体活性，有自己独特抗原决定簇，也可能是造成多发性骨髓瘤患者血清中Ｉｇ检测不高的原因结果提示：Ｉｇ的检测必须充分考虑各种影响因素；同时Ｍ蛋白的检测还须做各种病例的补充试验方能确诊     

Differentiation of hematuria by quantitative determination of urinary marker proteins

Summary Hematuria caused by prerenal, glomerular, postglomerular, and postrenal causes is usually differentiated by a number of noninvasive and invasive diagnostic procedures. In the present study we have applied a new analytical strategy based on observations that the various forms of hematuria can be classified by their typical protein pattern. When analyzed by quantitative turbidimetric assays, urines from postrenal hematurias contained high-molecular-weight proteins ( ₂-macroglobulin and IgG) in proportions found in plasma. Relating excretion rates (mg/mg) of these proteins to those of albumin, ratios for ₂-macroglobulin/albumin and IgG/albumin were 2.0–31×10^–2 and 20.0 –180×10^–2, respectively. In contrast, glomerular hematurias exhibited ratios of 0.01–2.0×10^–2 ( ₂macroglobulin/albumin) and 2.0–20×10^–2 (IgG/albumin). Additional determination of ₁-microglobulin allowed us to differentiate postglomerular hematurias caused by interstitial nephropathies from glomerular and postrenal diseases. Critical evaluation of 93 cases diagnosed by independent clinical examination including histology, sonography, and cystoscopy revealed that the criteria derived from protein measurements resulted in correct classification when urine albumin exceeds 100 mg/l. This noninvasive procedure is expected to be of considerable help in the primary care of patients with unexplained hematuria.