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IntroductionAlthough previous evidence suggest that paracetamol decreases psychological reactivity in healthy subjects, there is still no confirmed correlation between the empathy scores and brain activity in healthy and headache patients after paracetamol treatment.Material and methodsThe study group included 16 patients with tension-type headache, and 12 healthy age-and sex-matched controls. After a detailed neurological examination Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and Empathy for Pain Scale (EPS) were applied to all subjects. Next, 1000 mg paracetamol tablet was administered orally, after administration of paracetamol, EPS were repeated, and fMRI was performed to all subjects.ResultsWe have revealed increased empathy scores in the headache group after the paracetamol treatment which were associated with significant alterations in brain regions which play a critical role in the processing of empathy.DiscussionThe observed neuroimaging and clinical difference between healthy and headache subjects could be related to the fact that pain perception in healthy subjects might differ in some aspects from the mechanisms of empathy in headache-experienced patients.ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that evaluated the paracetamol treatment and neural networks' correlation with pain empathy in healthy and headache individuals.  相似文献   
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As the most commonly used antipyretic and analgesic drug, paracetamol (PA) coexists with neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) in real biological samples. Their simultaneous determination is extremely important for human health, but they also interfere with each other. In order to improve the conductivity, adsorption affinity, sensitivity, and selectivity of TiO2-based electrochemical sensor, N-doped carbon@TiO2 double-shelled hollow sphere (H–C/N@TiO2) is designed and synthesized by simple alcoholic and hydrothermal method, using polystyrene sphere (PS) as a template. Meanwhile, TiO2 hollow spheres (H–TiO2) or N-doped carbon hollow spheres (H–C/N) are also prepared by the same method. H–C/N@TiO2 has good conductivity, charge separation, and the highly enhanced and stable current responses for the detection of PA and DA. The detection limit and linear range are 50.0 nmol/L and 0.3–50 μmol/L for PA, 40.0 nmol/L and 0.3–50 μmol/L for DA, respectively, which are better than those of carbon-based sensors. Moreover, this electrochemical sensor, with high selectivity, strong anti-interference, high reliability, and long time durability, can be used for the simultaneous detection of PA and DA in human blood serum and saliva. The high electrochemical performance of H–C/N@TiO2 is attributed to the multi-functional combination of different layers, because of good conductivity, absorption and electrons transfer ability from in-situ N-doped carbon and electrocatalytic activity from TiO2.  相似文献   
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目的:采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)梯度洗脱测定对乙酰氨基酚口服混悬液中有关物质含量。方法:用Inertsustain C18(250mm×4.6mm,5μm)为色谱柱;以0.05mol·L-1醋酸铵溶液和甲醇为流动相进行梯度洗脱;检测波长为245nm,流速为1.0mL·min-1,柱温为25℃。结果:各峰间能完全分离;对乙酰氨基酚和对氨基酚的最低检测浓度分别为0.027μg·mL-1和0.093μg·mL-1;对乙酰氨基酚在0.037~0.33μg·mL-1范围内峰面积与浓度呈良好的线性关系,对氨基酚在0.26~3.09μg·mL-1范围内峰面积与浓度呈良好的线性关系;中间精密度试验对氨基酚RSD为13.77%。结论:该方法专属性好、灵敏、结果准确,可用于对乙酰氨基酚口服混悬液的有关物质含量控制。  相似文献   
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目的:建立新复方大青叶中对乙酰氨基酚、咖啡因和异戊巴比妥的高效液相色谱含量测定方法。方法采用 Agilent Zorbax SB -C18色谱柱(4.6 mm ×250 mm,5μm),以甲醇-水(50∶50)为流动相,流速为1.0 mL·min -1,柱温为30℃,检测波长215 nm。结果对乙酰氨基酚、咖啡因和异戊巴比妥分别在3.910~15.640、0.425~1.700、0.385~1.540μg 范围内呈现良好的线性关系,平均回收率分别为98.9%、98.3%、98.5%,RSD 均小于2.0%。结论该方法简便快速,准确,重复性好,可用于新复方大青叶片的质量控制。  相似文献   
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目的建立复方对乙酰氨基酚片中阿司匹林、咖啡因和对乙酰氨基酚测定的氢核磁共振波谱方法。方法采用氘代甲醇为溶剂,马来酸为内标。采用zg30脉冲序列获取~1H-NMR谱图。测试温度:300 K;谱宽:8 012 Hz;采集时间:4.01 s:弛豫时间:20 s,样品扫描次数:64次;空扫次数:2次。并采用HPLC法测定进行比较。结果阿司匹林、对乙酰氨基酚和咖啡因平均回收率分别为101.29%、101.68%、99.13%,RSD值分别为1.15%、1.73%、1.92%。qNMR法测定结果与HPLC法测定结果基本一致。结论氢核磁共振波谱法操作简便、快速,能准确测定复方对乙酰氨基酚片中阿司匹林、咖啡因和对乙酰氨基酚。  相似文献   
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ObjectiveFever is the most common reason for the presentation of children in the outpatient department. Paracetamol is marketed in different formulations for ease of administration to the paediatric population. These include syrups, dispersible tablets and rectal inserts. Dispersible tablets disintegrate rapidly in liquid and are subsequently taken orally, providing another oral formulation. We determined if there is a difference in the antipyretic efficacy of the syrup and the dispersible formulation of paracetamol, thereby prompting the development of the latter (another oral formulation) for use in children.MethodsA randomised, controlled, double-blind intervention of a single dose of both formulations was given to febrile children, and their temperatures were documented twice in 30-minute intervals. Temperature changes were compared statistically.ResultsThe mean temperatures at recruitment were 38.2 ± 0.5°C and 38.3 ± 0.6°C for the dispersible and syrup group, respectively. There was no significant difference between the temperature changes at T2 (30 minutes) and T3 (60 minutes) between the two study arms. However, the temperature was significantly different at T1 (baseline), T2 and T3 within the dispersible and syrup groups.ConclusionThe decreasing trend in temperature was similar in both groups. Both preparations produced statistically similar antipyretic effects with no reported adverse drug reaction.  相似文献   
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Non-invasive ventilation is currently the preferred respiratory support for premature infants with respiratory distress. The lung-protective effects of non-invasive ventilation should however not prompt disregard for the possible pain and discomfort it can generate. Non-pharmacological interventions should be used in all premature infants, regardless of their respiratory support, and are not detailed in this review. This review includes currently available evidence and gaps in knowledge regarding three aspects of pain management in premature infants receiving non-invasive ventilation: optimisation of non-invasive ventilation especially through the choice of positive pressure source, appropriate interface and synchronisation; sedative or analgesic drug use for strategies aiming at administering surfactant with reduction or avoidance of tracheal ventilation; risks and benefits of some analgesic and/or sedative drugs used to treat or prevent prolonged pain and discomfort during non-invasive ventilation. In spite of limited robust evidence, this overview should trigger caregivers’ reflections on their daily practice.  相似文献   
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Context: Massive paracetamol ingestion causing mitochondrial dysfunction is uncommon. Use of sustained low-efficiency dialysis (SLED) to improve acidaemia and enhance paracetamol elimination has not been previously described.

Case details: A 44-year-old male presented to the emergency department 2.5?hours post overdose of 200?g (2.5?g/kg) of paracetamol. Examination revealed a BP 85/60?mmHg, pulse 112 bpm, temperature 33.9?°C and blood glucose of 13.9?mmol/l. Venous blood gas 5.5-hours post-ingestion showed a pH 6.9, pCO2 58?mmHg, HCO3 13?mmol/l and lactate 14?mmol/l. Fifty-grams of nasogastric activated charcoal and double-strength intravenous acetylcysteine were administered. Paracetamol concentration peaked at 4207 µmol/l six hours post-ingestion. SLED was commenced nine-hours post ingestion and acetylcysteine dose was doubled again during dialysis. Paracetamol extraction ratio was 47–52%. Plasma paracetamol clearance was steady throughout SLED (53–58?ml/min). Hepatotoxicity did not develop and the patient recovered.

Discussions: Intermittent hemodialysis (IHD) is more efficient than SLED or continuous renal replacement therapy for enhancing paracetamol elimination and clearance. IHD plasma clearance is reported to range from 36 to 215?ml/min compared with endogenous clearance of 224?ml/70?kg/min.

Conclusions: SLED improved acidaemia with only moderate overall increase in paracetamol plasma clearance. Lack of development of hepatotoxicity was likely the result of early administration of acetylcysteine rather than any effect of SLED on paracetamol elimination.  相似文献   
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1例54岁女性患者,因咽痛伴发热口服扑热息痛500 mg后出现红斑,1 d后红斑加重,演变为红斑、丘疹、水疱复合型皮损。次日又服该药750 mg,前述现象加重,双眼红肿。经静脉滴注甲基强的松龙、丙种球蛋白、美罗培南治疗并配合皮肤、口腔及眼部的综合护理措施,15 d后治愈。临床实践中,应重视全面、综合的护理措施对疾病康复的重要性。  相似文献   
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