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1.

Background

An improved nonavalent PorA native outer membrane vesicle vaccine was developed with intrinsic adjuvating activity due to presence of less-toxic (lpxL1) LPS. In the present study, the safety and immunogenicity of this next-generation NonaMen vaccine were evaluated following repeated vaccination in rabbits and mice.

Methods

A repeated–dose toxicology study was performed in rabbits. Immunogenicity of next-generation NonaMen was evaluated by determining the serum bactericidal antibody (SBA) titers against meningococcal serogroup B strains containing several PorA subtypes. Release of the pro-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-6 (IL-6), by the human monocytic cell line (MM6) was measured to estimate pyrogenic activity.

Results

No toxicologically relevant findings were noted in vaccinated rabbits receiving plain next-generation NonaMen. In agreement, next-generation NonaMen induced reduced amounts of the pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-6, released by human monocyte cell line. In both rabbits and mice, next-generation NonaMen induced high SBA titers against all tested MenB strains regardless of whether or not aluminium phosphate adjuvant is used.

Conclusions

The data suggest that next-generation NonaMen is a safe vaccine with the potential to develop a broadly protective immune response and encourage the start of the first clinical studies.  相似文献   
2.
目的对乳糖酸阿奇霉素注射液进行凝胶法干扰试验,检测乳糖酸阿奇霉素注射液细菌内毒素。方法按照中国药典细菌内毒素检查方法(2010,~版二部),对2批样品进行干扰试验和细菌内毒素检查。结果浓度为0.83mg/mL的样品稀释液对标示灵敏度为0.25EU/mL的鲎试剂无干扰作用。结论使用细菌内毒素检查法检查乳糖酸阿奇霉素注射液中的细菌内毒素是可行的,可用细菌内毒素检查法代替家兔热原检查法。  相似文献   
3.
To characterize bioaerosol exposure at workplaces standardized methods are necessary. Activity of endotoxin, one component of organic dust, can be quantified with the Limulus-Amoebocyte Lysat test (LAL test). Further information with respect to pyrogenic activity of the organic dust can be achieved by measuring cytokine release of human blood after stimulation with the dust or its extract (whole blood assay).The aim of our study was the standardization of the whole blood assay (WBA) while using cryo-preserved human blood (Qualis Laboratorium) and to compare the outcome of the different cytokines determined by incubation of the blood cells with extracts from dust samples collected at various workplaces.Cytokine release (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, MCP-1) was measured by ELISA after stimulation of fresh blood from ten donors as well as cryo-preserved human blood. In both cases blood was stimulated with E. coli endotoxin as well as with 30 dust filter extracts from various workplaces. All dust filter extracts were investigated in the WBA using cryo-preserved blood as well as with LAL test.E. coli endotoxin stimulated the release of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α and MCP-1 in a dose-dependent manner in fresh as well as cryo-preserved human whole blood.200 pg/ml E. coli endotoxin induced maximal cytokine release in cryo-preserved blood (mean value for IL-1β 2509±418 pg/ml; n=13 experiments) whereas fresh blood of single donors reached a maximum release when stimulated with 50 ng/ml endotoxin (mean value of ten donors 1125±553 pg/ml IL-1β).Using cryo-preserved blood the coefficient of variation (CV) regarding the interassay variability was below 21% for all cytokines measured.Regarding 26 dust sample extracts correlation coefficient r2 for LAL test and WBA was between 0.90 and 0.93 (Pearson) for IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α whereas correlation for MCP-1 was lower (r2=0.59).Two dust sample extracts which showed similar reactivity patterns in LAL test as well as in WBA with respect to IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α could be differentiated by measuring MCP-1.In conclusion, cryo-preserved blood pools are suitable to standardize WBA.Combination of different outcome variables like IL-1β and MCP-1 improve the characterization from the inflammatory potency of workplace related dust samples.  相似文献   
4.
本文分别用鲎试验和家兔热原法对16批人白细胞干扰素及5批人血浆白蛋白中的内毒素进行了检测。两种方法检测人白细胞干扰素和人血浆白蛋白的符合率分别为81.75%和80%;阴性符合率为100%。  相似文献   
5.
The objective of the study is to detect the pyrogenicity of five medical grade gelatinous polymer materials, intended for the manufacturing of capsule for pharmaceutical applications, by an indigenously developed ELISA, LAL and rabbit pyrogen assays. The ELISA methodology includes the incubation of the sample extract with blood from a healthy donor at 37°C. Any pyrogen present in the extract induces the IL-1β which can be determined by ELISA. The rabbit pyrogen and LAL assays were performed as per standards. The result of the ELISA method indicated that all the materials extract induced high level of IL-1β as a marker for pyrogenicity. The rise in temperature of rabbit pyrogen was above 0.5°C in all materials extract. LAL assay induced an endotoxin level above 0.5EU. All the five polymer materials were found pyrogenic in all the assays. The ELISA method is very sensitive because the lowest limit of detection was 10pg/ml endotoxin. Hence it can be concluded that the ELISA method will be an added advantage for the quality control release of a batch of medical products and improving the existing methodologies in the context of reduction and replacement in the use of animal models.  相似文献   
6.
鲎试剂的研究及应用进展   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
鲎试剂已广泛用于细菌内毒素的检验,本文介绍了鲎试剂的生产、分类,用于细菌内毒素检查的反应原理和检测方法、应用领域以及国内外鲎试剂生产和质量的现状和研究进展,并提出了我国鲎试剂应用中急需解决的问题。  相似文献   
7.
Endotoxin activity was detected in empty glass tubes where endotoxins were incubated with lysozyme, histone or RNaseA, indicating adsorption of endotoxins on glass in the presence of cationic proteins. In the case of lysozyme, the recovery of spiked endotoxins (90.0%) using polystyrene tubes for incubation was much greater than the recovery (28.5%) using glass tubes, suggesting that lysozyme-mediated adsorption of endotoxins on glass is a major cause of poor recovery of spiked endotoxins in the LAL assay using glass tubes. In contrast, the recovery of spiked endotoxins (64.7%) using polystyrene tubes in the presence of the non-cationic protein BSA was less than the recovery (103.9%) using glass tubes. The difference in endotoxin recovery using glass or polystyrene tubes in the presence of cationic proteins or BSA can be explained by differences in protein adsorption on the tubes. Consequently, care must be exercised in selecting containers used for the LAL assay of proteins which bind to endotoxins.  相似文献   
8.
BACKGROUND: Indiscriminate use of broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment of peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients may have either unwanted side-effects or contribute to the development of antibiotic resistance. This may be avoided by improved diagnosis at presentation. The Limulus amoebocyte lysate assay is a convenient test detecting bacterial endotoxins or fungal beta glucans. This study evaluates a qualitative Limulus amoebocyte lysate test as a diagnostic tool used at presentation of a peritoneal dialysis patient with peritonitis. METHODS: One-hundred and eleven episodes of peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients have been analysed retrospectively. Limulus amoebocyte lysate results at presentation were compared with culture results. A Limulus amoebocyte lysate assay was performed using a commercial kit by incubating a mixture of dialysate effluent and Limulus amoebocyte lysate reagent at 37 degrees C. The development of a stable solid clot was considered positive. The specificity and sensitivity of the test were calculated. RESULTS: The specificity of the Limulus amoebocyte lysate assay was found to be 98% and the sensitivity 74%. Limulus amoebocyte lysate assay was false-negative in 13 cases of Gram-negative peritonitis (22%). Limulus amoebocyte lysate was positive in three of seven cases of fungal peritonitis. The study included one case each with false-positive Limulus amoebocyte lysate and with culture-negative peritonitis. CONCLUSIONS: The Limulus amoebocyte lysate assay is a convenient and valuable diagnostic tool for excluding Gram-positive peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients. This allows more specific antibiotic treatment at presentation and may avoid the development of bacterial resistance. A negative Limulus amoebocyte lysate test is not reliable for the exclusion of Gram-negative peritonitis. In the absence of a positive culture result 48 h after presentation, accompanied by a delayed response to treatment, a positive Limulus amoebocyte lysate assay may indicate the presence of fungus. This justifies early empiric antifungal treatment before definitive culture results are made available. Routine Limulus amoebocyte lysate assay of dialysate effluent from continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients presenting with peritonitis is recommended.  相似文献   
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