Adherence to a Mediterranean Lifestyle and Changes in Frequency,Severity, and Localization of Pain in Older Adults

ObjectiveTo assess the association between adherence to a Mediterranean lifestyle and changes in pain, and its characteristics over time in older adults.Patients and MethodsWe analyzed data from 864 and 862 community-dwelling individuals aged 65+ years from the Study on Cardiovascular Health, Nutrition and Frailty in Older Adults in Spain (Seniors-ENRICA) Seniors-ENRICA-1 (2008–2010 to 2012) and Seniors-ENRICA-2 (2015–2017 to 2019) cohorts, with a median follow-up of 2.8 and 2.4 years, respectively. Adherence to a Mediterranean lifestyle was assessed at baseline with the 27-item Mediterranean lifestyle (MEDLIFE) index. Pain changes over time were calculated with a pain scale that assessed the frequency, severity, and the number of pain locations both at baseline and follow-up. Multivariable-adjusted relative risk ratios (RRRs) were obtained using multinomial logistic regression.ResultsIn the pooled cohorts, after a median follow-up of 2.6 years, pain worsened for 697 participants, improved for 734, and did not change for 295. Compared with the lowest category of MEDLIFE adherence, those in the highest category showed an RRR of improvement vs worsening of overall pain of 1.85 (95% CI, 1.28 to 2.67; P-trend<.001). MEDLIFE adherence was also linked to improvement in pain frequency (RRR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.31 to 3.01; P-trend=.001), pain severity (RRR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.33 to 3.00; P-trend=.001), and a reduction in the number of pain locations (RRR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.13 to 2.50; P-trend=.004). Limitations of this study are the use of self-reported lifestyle data.ConclusionA Mediterranean lifestyle was associated with improvement of pain characteristics in older adults. Experimental studies should assess the efficacy of an integral lifestyle approach for the management of pain in older adults.     

南京市儿童医院高校志愿服务现状调查与对策研究

目的:对南京市儿童医院高校志愿服务现状进行调查与分析,为完善志愿服务管理体系和服务模式提供对策建议。方法:设计调查问卷,对江苏省内8所大学院校参与我院志愿服务的高校志愿者进行调查,了解医院志愿服务现状。结果:高校志愿者参与医院志愿服务较多的是门诊导医和活动室活动,个人志愿服务时间的累计和记录、服务对象的感谢、社会大众的尊重和认可是高校志愿者参与志愿服务的主要动力,时间因素和距离因素是阻力因素。缺少相关知识培训、缺少宣传拓展渠道、缺少有效激励机制、服务时间不稳定、患者/家属不理解、缺乏吸引力、缺少法律制度保障是目前医院志愿服务不足之处。结论:需从丰富高校学生志愿服务的形式和内容、建立有效的激励机制、完善高校志愿者培训机制以及健全志愿者管理体系四个方面提升高校学生志愿服务的实效性。     

一起就餐后引起胃部不适症状投诉的调查及分析

目的 对一起就餐后引起胃部不适症状的投诉进行调查及分析. 方法 亚硝酸盐依据GB5009.33-2010进行检测,菌落总数、沙门菌、金黄色葡萄球菌依据GB4789.2,4,10-2010进行检测,大肠菌群、志贺菌依据GB4789.3,5-2003进行检测. 亚硝酸盐依据GB2760-2011《食品添加剂使用标准》进行判定. 结果 患者呕吐物亚硝酸盐含量为7.90 mg/kg,筒子骨炖萝卜样品中亚硝酸盐含量为29.84 mg/kg.样品中未检出致病菌.结论少量亚硝酸盐引起的轻度食物中毒症状不明显,容易出现误诊,要进一步加强对亚硝酸盐使用的监管.     

青年医护人员离职倾向对比调查分析

医院正常工作的开展离不开医护人员的分工和协作，但由于种种原因，护士的离职比例要远高于医生，从而对医院的工作产生一定的影响。本文以此为出发点，对在岗医护人员的离职倾向进行调查和对比，以找出护士离职率过高的问题所在。     

反向点杂交法测定浙江省4620例男性HPV感染者的流行病学特征

目的调查浙江省男性人乳头瘤病毒(human papilloma virus，HPV)感染的亚型分布及流行病学特点，为男性HPV感染早期筛查、预防、诊断提供依据。 方法回顾性汇总分析2014年1月至2016年12月期间，浙江省17~74岁的4620名男性尖锐湿疣皮损拭子或组织标本；4620例样本中，其中120份因细胞量不足判定采样失败，剩余4500例样本按不同年龄分为6组(17~20岁组268名、21~30岁组1958名、31~40岁组1156名、41~50岁组667名、51~60岁组355名、>60岁组96名)。用聚合酶链反应(polymerase chain reaction, PCR)和反向点杂交法测定23种HPV基因型，并分析其HPV阳性率分布、HPV阳性率差异和高低危型HPV感染特征。 结果4500例样本中有2799例HPV阳性，总阳性率为62.2%，其中：以6型和11型阳性率最高，分别为15.58%(436/2799例)和10.00%(280/2799例)。高危型阳性率最高的为52型，占4.72% (132/2799例)。在2799例HPV DNA阳性者中，有1266例为单一感染；混合感染1533例，占44.26%，单纯低危型最高为三重感染，单纯高危型最高为四重感染，而高低危混合感染达七重，其中七重感染占2.25%(63/2799例)。高低危混合感染数高于单纯高危型和单纯低危型，两者比较有统计学差异(χ²分别为28.1、82.8，P均<0.05)。HPV阳性结果以21~40岁青壮年为主，占总人数的69.2% (3114/4500)。而HPV阳性率以17~20岁组(75.0%)和51~60岁组(79.7%)最高，与其他年龄段[21~30岁(60.7%)、31~40岁(59.1%)、41~50岁(59.6%)和>60岁(46.4%)组]相比χ²分别为20.48、22.51、18.86、26.02和46.03、48.89、40.99、41.84，P均<0.05。 结论浙江地区男性HPV感染者主要以6、11型为主，高发于青壮年，HPV混合感染比例较高，高低危混合感染较常见。     

Efficacy and Safety of Two Neoadjuvant Strategies With Bevacizumab in MRI-Defined Locally Advanced T3 Resectable Rectal Cancer: Final Results of a Randomized,Noncomparative Phase 2 INOVA Study

BackgroundRecurrence and distant metastases remain a significant issue in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Several multimodal strategies are assessed in clinical trials.Patients and MethodsPatients with mid/low magnetic resonance imaging–defined high-risk LARC were randomized to arm A (12-week bevacizumab + FOLFOX-4 then bevacizumab–5-fluorouracil [5-FU]–radiotherapy [RT] before total mesorectal excision [TME]) or arm B (bevacizumab-5-FU–RT then TME). Long-term efficacy and safety up to 5 years’ follow-up are reported. No comparison between arms was planned.ResultsOverall, 91 patients (46 in arm A and 45 in arm B) were included. Main results have been presented previously. During the late follow-up period (> 4 weeks after surgery), 4 patients (8.7%) in arm A and 4 (8.9%) in arm B experienced grade 3/4 adverse events related to bevacizumab; the most frequent were 2 anastomotic fistulas (both in arm A) and abscesses (1 in arm A and 2 in arm B). At 5 years’ follow-up, 9 (19.6%) and 11 (24.4%) patients in arms A and B developed a fistula in the year after surgery, and 2 (4.3%) in arm A at > 1 year after surgery. Most resolved before study end. Five-year disease-free survival was 70% and 64.3% in arms A and B, respectively. Five-year overall survival was 90.5% (95% confidence interval, 76.7, 96.3) in arm A and 72.7% (95% confidence interval, 56.0, 83.9) in arm B.ConclusionNeoadjuvant bevacizumab + FOLFOX-4 may have the potential to increase survival outcomes when followed by bevacizumab–5-FU–RT and TME in LARC. Bevacizumab–5-FU–RT then TME was associated with a higher-than-projected rate of anastomotic fistulas. Further research of neoadjuvant strategies in LARC is encouraged.     

校友资源在高校大学生创新创业教育发展中的情况调查研究

为研究校友资源在高校大学生创新创业教育发展中情况,采用个案调查方法对校友资源在大学生创新创业教育发展中情况进行调查,调查内容涉及影响大学生创新创业意识、动机、教育培养、校友资源运用等多个方面,调查结果运用SPASS软件进行统计分析,最后从高校校友资源角度对高校大学生创新创业发展提出意见建议,以期为高校校友资源在高校创新创业教育发展中提供借鉴和参考。     

基层中医“治未病”服务人才队伍现状及对策研究

目的:从需求侧和供给侧调查基层中医“治未病”服务人员现状,分析人才队伍建设中存在的问题,并提出对策。方法:采用分层、整群及随机抽样方法,抽取杭州、绍兴、湖州三个城市的22个社区卫生服务中心的1391位居民,621位服务人员,13位管理者进行调研和访谈。结果:人才队伍发展不平衡不充分问题突出:不同经济水平地区的高学历、高职称、中医类别医师比例有差异;中医类别核心人才在机构间的配备不均衡;服务人员数量及内部构成较好,但不能充分满足发展需求。培训对象集中于学历水平较高、中医类别和高技术职称的人员。70.1%的服务人员自感能胜任工作,执业类别和培训效果是影响岗位胜任度的重要因素。居民对医生的信任度评分为(38.00±6.42)分。工作人员考核和激励机制不完善。结论:对经济水平较低的基层医疗机构实施政策倾斜,多渠道培养人才,按需培训,注重人力考核与激励,是改善基层中医“治未病”服务人才队伍的可行方法。