Identification of carmine allergens among three carmine allergy patients

BACKGROUND: There have been several reports of carmine allergy; however, identification of the responsible carmine allergens has not been widely documented. METHODS: Three female patients presented with a history of anaphylaxis and/or urticaria/angioedema after ingestion of carmine-containing foods. All three patients had 4+ skin prick tests to carmine. Among them, two patients were confirmed to have carmine allergy by blinded, placebo-controlled food challenges to carmine. SDS-PAGE of cochineal insects and carmine, immunoblotting for IgE antibody with sera from all three patients, and immunoblotting inhibition with carmine were performed. RESULTS: SDS PAGE of minced cochineal insects revealed several protein bands of 23-88 kDa. Several of these bands were variably recognized by our three patients' sera, and this reactivity was inhibited by carmine. Although no protein bands could be visualized on SDS-PAGE of carmine in Coomassie brilliant blue staining, three protein bands were recognized by two of the three patients' serum. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that commercial carmine retains protein-aceous material from the source insects. These insect-derived proteins (possibly complexed with carminic acid) are responsible for IgE-mediated carmine allergy. Patient reactivity to these proteins may vary.     

HPLC法测定青辛速释贴中靛蓝的含量

目的 建立青辛速释贴中靛蓝的含量测定方法。方法 采用索氏提取,HPLC法测定青辛速释贴中靛蓝的含量,色谱柱:Shim—pack VP-ODS柱(4.6×250mm),流动相:甲醇-乙腈-0.1 mol/L乙酸铵(60:4:36),流速:1.0 mL/min,柱温:30℃,进样量:20 μL,检测波长:280 nm。结果靛蓝在0.44～6.60 μg/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9991);平均回收率为103.6％,RSD=1.11％。结论 该方法准确、灵敏、重现性好,可用于青辛速释贴的质量控制。     

HPLC法测定马蓝根、茎、叶中靛玉红、靛蓝的含量

目的:建立HPLC法测定不同地区、不同采收期马蓝根、茎、叶中靛玉红、靛蓝的含量,为规范种植马蓝和重新确定南板蓝根药用部位提供基础研究资料。方法:用C18柱,以甲醇-水(75∶25)为流动相,在289 nm处测定。结果:靛玉红、靛蓝线性范围分别为3.875~23.25μg/m l、3.05~18.3μg/m l。回收率分别为96.9%,RSD=3.5%,n=5(靛玉红);96.6%,RSD=2.8%,n=5(靛蓝)。结论:非花果期、花期、果期马蓝的根、茎、叶中靛玉红、靛蓝的含量依次递减;同一株马蓝根、茎、叶中靛玉红、靛蓝的含量依次递增。     

薄层层析法检测板蓝根所含靛玉红、靛蓝的方法研究

目的:对板蓝根所含靛玉红、靛蓝的薄层色谱进行实验性研究。方法:采用硅胶G板点样,选择最佳展开系统和样品最低检出量。结果:获得最佳色谱条件①硅胶G板为吸附剂;②石油醚-乙酸乙酯-氯仿(1∶1∶8)为展开剂。该色谱条件下,样品所含靛玉红、靛蓝的最低检出量分别为20μl、12μl。结论:本方法简便、快速、有效,可以作为板蓝根提取液靛玉红及靛蓝的相对含量的检测方法。     

抗白血病药物靛玉红以及靛蓝和异靛蓝衍生物的合成

靛玉红是我国用于临床治疗慢性粒细胞白血病的一个药物⁽¹⁾。前报⁽²⁾已报道了N_1′取代靛玉红衍生物的合成。为了研究靛玉红分子内氢键(N₁取代)和两个吲哚环连接位置对于抗肿瘤活性的影响。我们合成了N₁-取代和双取代的靛玉红衍生物(Ⅰ₁,Ⅰ₂,Ⅰ₃)和六个靛蓝、异靛蓝衍生物(Ⅱ_1～3,Ⅲ_1～3)。其中,N-乙基靛蓝和N-甲基或乙基异靛蓝都对Walker癌肉癌256具有抑制作用,而它们的母体化合物则没有抗肿瘤活性。N₁-取代的靛玉红(Ⅰ_1～2)无活性,但N,N′-双甲基靛玉红确又有一定的抗肿瘤活性。     

靛玉红肟衍生物及有关化合物的合成与抗肿瘤作用

靛玉红为治疗慢性粒细胞白血病新药。有效率为87.26％。为了进一步提高靛玉红的疗效,减少副作用,探索其构效关系,制备了十九种衛生物,经药理抗动物肿瘤筛选,N,N′—二甲基靛玉红、N—甲基靛玉红肟、N—甲基靛玉红、N—甲基靛玉红肟甲醚、N—乙酰靛玉红和靛玉红肟等有效.     

青黛与其劣质品伪制品的鉴别研究

目的:考察对青黛药材的质量.方法:采用性状、火试、薄层色谱法结合含量测定对其进行定性、定量分析.结果:青黛的质量存在较大差异,有正品、劣质品和伪制品之分.结论:综合以上方法能鉴别青黛的真伪优劣.     

高效液相色谱法测定小儿感冒颗粒中靛蓝与靛玉红含量

目的建立小儿感冒颗粒中靛蓝与靛玉红含量测定方法。方法采用依利特Hypersil BDS C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×200 mm,5μm);流动相:甲醇-水(74∶26);流速:1.0 ml/min;检测波长:289nm;柱温:30℃。结果靛蓝的线性范围为0.00117～0.0234μg(r=0.999 7),平均回收率为98.24%,RSD=1.16%(n=6);靛玉红的线性范围为0.00141～0.0281μg(r=0.999 7),平均回收率为98.90%,RSD=1.17%(n=6)。结论该方法准确可靠、简单快速,可用于小儿感冒颗粒质量控制。     

靛玉红对慢性髓性白血病K562细胞增殖的抑制作用

目的:改善靛玉红的溶解性,探讨其对慢性髓性白血病K562细胞增殖的抑制作用及机制.方法:采用二甲基亚砜为复溶剂增加靛玉红的溶解度,用MTF法和流式细胞法等技术检测靛玉红对K562细胞生长的抑制作用.结果:靛玉红在细胞培养液中的最高药物浓度为10 mg·L-1,与阴性对照组比较,在最高药物浓度作用下K562细胞增殖并未受到抑制.结论:靛玉红并非直接抑制白血病细胞的生长,可能通过靛玉红次级代谢产物起作用.     

Anaphylactic reactions to ingested carmine (E120)

We report five cases of anaphylactic reaction to carmine (cochineal. E120) after patients drank an alcoholic beverage. By means of positive skin prick tests (SPT) and positive RAST to carmine, IgE-mediated sensitization could be established. One nonalopic patient showed also a great amount of serum IgE antibodies to the carmine acid-albumin conjugate. Due to its widespread use in the food and cosmetic industry, carmine should be tested in the allergy work-up in case of allergic reactions after a drink or a meal.