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1.
ObjectivesThe recently developed Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) allows ascertainment of frailty from administrative data. We aimed to compare the HFRS against the widely used FRAIL Scale and Frailty Index.DesignPopulation-based cohort study linked to Western Australian Hospital Morbidity Data Collection and Death Registrations.Setting and ParticipantsThe Health in Men Study with frailty determined at Wave 2 (2001/2004), mortality in the 1-year period following Wave 2, and disability at Wave 3 (2008). Participants were 4228 community-based men aged ≥75 years, followed until Wave 3.MeasurementsWe used multivariable regression to determine the association between each frailty measure and outcomes of length of stay (LOS), death, and disability. We also determined if the additional cases of frailty identified by one measure over the other was associated with these outcomes.ResultsOf 4228 men studied, the HFRS (n = 689) identified fewer men as frail than the FRAIL Scale (n = 1648) and Frailty Index (n = 1820). In the fully adjusted models, all 3 frailty measures were associated with longer LOS and mortality, whereas only the FRAIL Scale and Frailty Index were significantly associated with disability. The additional cases of frailty identified by the FRAIL Scale and Frailty Index had longer LOS and greater risks of death and disability. The fully adjusted hazard ratio for death among the additional cases of frailty identified by the FRAIL Scale (compared to being not frail on both HFRS and FRAIL Scale) was 2.14 (95% CI 1.48-3.08).Conclusions and ImplicationsThe HFRS is associated with adverse outcomes. However, it identified approximately 60% fewer men who were frail than the FRAIL Scale and Frailty Index, and the additional cases identified were also at high risks of adverse outcomes. Users of the HFRS should be aware of the differences with other frailty measures.  相似文献   
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Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a serious complication of anti-resorptive therapy used in the treatment of multiple myeloma and cancerous bone metastases. In this study, patients with either multiple myeloma or solid tumours with a simultaneous or subsequent record of anti-resorptive treatment or bone metastases were identified using population-based medical registries. These patients were followed for the outcome of ONJ. Considering death as a competing risk, the cumulative incidence of ONJ was estimated, overall and by cancer site. Patients who developed ONJ were followed for the outcome of death overall and by several risk factors for ONJ. A total of 33,975 cancer patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were identified; 233 incidents of ONJ and a cumulative incidence of 1.9% (95% confidence interval 1.6–2.3%) over a maximum follow-up time of 7.5 years were observed. The 5-year cumulative incidence was 1.3% (95% confidence interval 1.2–1.6%) and varied by cancer site. There were 126 deaths among cancer patients with ONJ over a maximum follow-up time of 6.4 years, resulting in a 5-year mortality of 91% (95% confidence interval 81–97%). Mortality among patients with ONJ varied by cancer site, osteonecrosis stage, and by history of trauma to the mucosa.  相似文献   
3.
目的了解陕西省(以下简称我省)ICU开展重症血液净化技术的现状。 方法2021年8月31至9月10日,采用方便抽样法通过网络调查形式向我省境内各级医院ICU医护人员发放调查问卷,收集我省ICU重症血液净化开展现状信息数据,分析其潜在影响因素。 结果本研究共收集到146份调查问卷,剔除10份存在逻辑性错误的问卷,最终136份问卷纳入研究分析;本研究涵盖我省陕南、关中及陕北三个地域,涉及11个不同城市或区域。调查结果表明,我省重症血液净化主要在三级医院ICU开展,三级甲等医院占比50.70%,三级乙等医院占比11.27%,二级甲等医院占比38.03%。重症血液净化技术在医院级别、开展年限、科室床位数、机器保有量、月均治疗例数之间存在一定的相关性(Spearman检验,P<0.05)。调查结果还显示科室自配置换液为主要构成(50.00%);治疗病种主要为多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)、急性肾损伤(AKI)及脓毒症休克(18.20%,17.38%,16.56%);常见重症血液净化模式为连续性静脉-静脉血液滤过(CVVH)、连续性静脉-静脉血液透析滤过(CVVHDF)、血浆置换(PE)(28.18%,21.95%,15.96%);置管方法主要依靠解剖定位,常见部位为右股静脉(41.91%)。全身肝素抗凝与局部枸橼酸抗凝均为常见抗凝方式。出血与管路凝血仍为重症血液净化过程中最主要的并发症。 结论我省ICU重症血液净化技术开展存在不均衡现状,基层医院开展重症血液净化的能力有待进一步提升。本研究结果将为我省重症血液净化技术的推动发展和卫生行政部门制定相关的政策及培训制度提供一定的依据。  相似文献   
4.
Access to and delivery of quality mental health services remains challenging in rural and remote Canada. To improve access, services, and support providers, improved understanding is needed about nurses who identify mental health as an area of practice. The aim of this study is to explore the characteristics and context of practice of registered nurses (RNs), licensed practical nurses (LPNs), and registered psychiatric nurses (RPNs) in rural and remote Canada, who provide care to those experiencing mental health concerns. Data were from a pan-Canadian cross-sectional survey of 3822 regulated nurses in rural and remote areas. Individual and work community characteristics, practice responsibilities, and workplace factors were analysed, along with responses to open-ended questions. Few nurses identified mental health as their sole area of practice, with the majority of those being RPNs employed in mental health or crisis centres, and general or psychiatric hospitals. Nurses who indicated that mental health was only one area of their practice were predominantly employed as generalists, often working in both hospital and primary care settings. Both groups experienced moderate levels of job resources and demands. Over half of the nurses, particularly LPNs, had recently experienced and/or witnessed violence. Persons with mental health concerns in rural and remote Canada often receive care from those for whom mental health nursing is only part of their everyday practice. Practice and education supports tailored for generalist nurses are, therefore, essential, especially to support nurses in smaller communities, those at risk of violence, and those distant from advanced referral centres.  相似文献   
5.
目的 探讨中国成年人盐摄入量与肥胖的关系。方法 2017年,采用多阶段整群随机抽样的方法在江苏省和山东省的4个项目点,抽取18~75岁的常住人口,收集24 h尿并进行问卷调查和体格测量。使用多元线性回归和logistic回归的方法分析盐摄入量与肥胖的关联。结果 共纳入研究对象1 205名,年龄为(49.5±12.6)岁,其中男性564人(46.8%),超重率、肥胖率为42.52%、19.33%,糖尿病、高血压患病率分别为12.94%、45.46%,人均每日盐摄入量为9.32 g/d,其中有84.73%的人日均盐摄入量大于5 g。Logistic回归校正相关混杂因素后,与盐摄入量最低组相比,最高组患肥胖、按腰围(waist circumference,WC)计算的中心性肥胖、按腰围身高比(waist-to-height ratio,WHtR)计算的中心性肥胖的OR(95%CI)值分别为2.64(1.51~4.59)、2.03(1.34~3.09)和1.85(1.20~2.84)。结论 盐摄入量与肥胖呈正相关,高盐饮食可能增加肥胖的发病风险。  相似文献   
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目的:比较关节镜双后内入路与切开手术治疗急性单纯后交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折的疗效差异。方法:回顾性分析2016年6月至2020年6月经手术治疗的52例急性单纯性后交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折患者的临床资料,按手术方案不同分为两组,关节镜组27例患者行关节镜双后内入路手术治疗,其中男16例,女11例,年龄19~52(34.9±9.2)岁;切开复位组25例患者行膝关节后内侧切口手术治疗,其中男14例,女11例,年龄18~54(33.7±8.4)岁。观察并比较两组患者手术时间、切口长度、术中出血量、住院时间、住院费用、术后愈合情况、并发症以及术后12个月Lysholm、IKDC评分。结果:两组患者均顺利完成手术,无血管、神经损伤。52例均获得随访,时间6~24(15.0±1.7)个月。关节镜组手术时间、住院费用大于切开复位组(P<0.05);关节镜组术中出血量、切口长度、住院时间小于切开复位组(P<0.05);关节镜组和切开复位组术后12个月Lysholm评分分别为(95.9±1.7)分和(86.4±1.2)分,均较术前的(49.1±2.3)分和(48.9±1.1)分显著提高(P<0.05);关节镜组和切开复位组术后12个月IKDC总分分别为(96.9±1.5)分和(87.1±1.4)分,均较术前的(47.6±4.1)分和(48.1±3.9)分显著提高(P<0.05);关节镜组术后12个月膝关节Lysholm、IKDC评分均高于切开复位组(P<0.05)。结论:关节镜双后内入路治疗急性单纯后交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折,早期效果满意,疗效优于传统开放手术,具有创伤小、恢复快、操作简便等优点。  相似文献   
10.
AimTo determine the reliability of application of the RETTS© triage scale after an educational intervention using paper-based scenarios in emergency care education.BackgroundKnowledge about and education in triage are important factors in triagescale implementation. Presenting students with a large number of triage scenarios is a common part of triage education.MethodsIn this prospective cross-sectional study at two universities students undergoing education in emergency care used RETTS© to assess triage level in 46 paper-based scenarios.Results57 students in the study made 2590 final triage decisions. Fleiss Kappa for final triage was 0.411 which is in the lower range of moderate agreement. In 25 of 46 (53.4%) scenarios, final triage levels did not agree about whether the case was stable or unstable.Conclusion/ImplicationsApplication of the RETTS© triage scale after an educational intervention with paper-based simulation in emergency care education resulted in moderate agreement about the final levels of triage.  相似文献   
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