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1.
BackgroundHigh injury rates following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) motivate the need to better understand lingering movement deficiencies following return to sport. Athletic competition involves various types of sensory, motor, and cognitive challenges; however, postural control deficiencies during this spectrum of conditions are not well understood following ACLR.Research questionTo what extent is postural control altered following ACLR in the presence of sensory, motor, and cognitive challenges, and does postural control correlate with patient-reported symptoms?MethodsFourteen individuals following ACLR (4 m/10 f, 21.2 ± 2.4 yr, 76.9 ± 19.1 kg, 1.70 ± 0.14 m) and fourteen matched healthy controls (4 m/10 f, 21.2 ± 1.4 yr, 75.4 ± 15.3 kg, 1.70 ± 0.15 m) participated in the study. Participants completed single-leg balance, ACLR limb or matched side for controls, under four conditions: 1) eyes open, 2) eyes closed, 3) visual-cognitive dual task (i.e., reverse digit span), and 4) motor dual task (i.e., catching a ball). Sample entropy (SEn) was calculated for each balance condition to characterize regularity of center of pressure control. Participants also completed patient-reported outcomes to characterize self-reported knee function, symptoms, and fear. A mixed effects model tested for differences in SEn between balance conditions, and Spearman correlations tested for relationships between SEn and patient-reported outcomes.ResultsA significant Group-by-Condition interaction was detected (P = 0.043). While the motor dual task and eyes closed balance conditions were associated with the lowest SEn for both groups, only the visual-cognitive dual task condition demonstrated a significant difference between groups, with the ACLR group having lower SEn [95% confidence interval for ΔSEn: (0.03, 0.35)]. Lower KOOS-Sport scores were associated with decreased SEn for the ACLR group (ρ = 0.81, P < 0.001).SignificanceThese findings are consistent with ACLR individuals using a less automatic approach to postural control compared to controls, particularly when presented with a visual-cognitive challenge. Altered neuromuscular control persists well after ACLR surgery and can be related to patient-reported outcomes.  相似文献   
2.
AIM:To assess the effectiveness of core vitrectomyphacoemulsification-intraocular lens(IOL)implantationcapsulo-hyaloidotomy in treating phakic eye at least 1 mo after the onset of malignant glaucoma.METHODS:A retrospective analysis were performed on malignant glaucoma patients treated in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center between 2016 and 2018.Demographic and clinical data were described.The preoperative and postoperative visual acuity(VA),intraocular pressure(IOP),number of IOP-lowering medications used,and anterior chamber depth(ACD)of the case series were compared by Wilcoxon signed-rank test.RESULTS:Thirteen phakic eyes with long time intervals between onset and surgery were identified in this case series.Core vitrectomy-phacoemulsification-IOL implantation-capsulohyaloidotomy reduced the IOP(P=0.046)and the number of IOP-lowering medications used(P=0.004),deepened the ACD(P=0.005).Complete success was achieved in 38.5%of the eyes,and anatomical success was achieved in 100%of the eyes without any recurrence.The only postoperative complication observed is corneal endothelial decompensation.It occurred in two cases.CONCLUSION:Core vitrectomy-phacoemulsification-IOL implantation-capsulo-hyaloidotomy is safe and effective for treatment of long onset phakic malignant glaucoma.  相似文献   
3.

Objectives

We examined the association between three inflammatory markers (Interleukin (IL)-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α) and incident lung cancer using baseline, updated, and averaged inflammatory measures in older adults.

Methods

We fitted multivariable Cox models to assess whether circulating levels of inflammation markers were associated with incident lung cancers in the Health Aging, Body and Composition (HealthABC) prospective cohort of 3075 older adults aged 70–79?years at baseline. IL-6 and CRP were measured biennially, whereas TNF-α was measured at baseline.

Results

Baseline levels of IL-6 were significantly associated with incident lung cancer risk in a model that adjusted for age, gender, race, and site (Model 1) (Hazard RatioT3 vs. T1: 3.34, 95% Confidence Interval: 1.91, 5.85) and in a model adjusted for health factors linked to chronic inflammation (Model 2) (HR T3 vs. T1: 2.57, 95% CI: 1.41, 4.65). The associations observed in time-updated IL-6 (HR T3 vs. T1: 2.47, 95% CI: 1.43, 4.28), cumulatively averaged IL-6 (HR T3 vs. T1: 2.47, 95% CI: 1.43, 4.35), and baseline CRP levels (HR T3 vs. T1: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.11, 3.08) with incident lung cancer in Model 1 were not statistically significant in Model 2.

Conclusions

Baseline CRP and IL-6 levels were associated with increased risk of lung cancer in Model 1 and both models, respectively. Chronic IL-6 inflammation, as quantified by repeated measures was associated with incident lung cancer in Model 1, but not Model 2. Further research is needed to understand the role of CRP and IL-6 in lung carcinogenesis.  相似文献   
4.
5.

Objective

The aim of the study was to assessment the impact of hip osteoarthritis on postural stability.

Methods

One hundred and twenty-five randomly selected women 20–85 years old (mean age of 49 ± 24.4 years) were assigned to three groups based on age, health status and activity level. Group 1 (cases) – elderly women with diagnosed hip osteoarthritis, group 2 (control) - women without hip osteoarthritis, and group 3 (control) - healthy young women. Assessment of postural stability were measured using a WIN-POD Pel 38 electronic podometer. Statistica 10 software was used to perform t-test resulting in significance level of p < 0.05.

Results

Significant differences in pedobarographic balance measurements were observed between the study groups with eyes opened or closed (deviation length eyes open: group 1–3 and 2–3 p < 0.0001; eyes closed group 1–2 p = 0.19; 1–3 and 2–3 p < 0.0001; deviation area eyes open: group 1-3 and 2–3 p < 0.0001; eyes closed group 1–3 and 2–3 p < 0.0001; deviation velocity eyes open: group1-3 and 2–3 p < 0.0001; eyes closed group 1–2 p < 0.010, 1–3 and 2–3 p < 0.0001). The poorest postural stability was observed in patients with hip osteoarthritis (deviation length eyes open vs eyes closed 180.8/201.7 p = 0.028, deviation area 128.7/145.7 p = 0.771, deviation velocity 5.1/6.1 p < 0.0001), and the best postural stability was observed in young women (deviation length 111.3/137.5 p < 0.0001, deviation area 57/76.9 p = 0.003, deviation velocity 3.4/4.2 p < 0.0001).

Conclusion

(1) Osteoarthritic degeneration of the hip joint results in a significant disturbance in proprioception. This finding was reflected by the inferior stability parameters collected from subjects with hip osteoarthritis when asked to stand with their eyes closed. These finding were not observed in the other groups. (2) The disorder of the body stability of people with osteoarthritis may be a relative indication for the implantation of hip arthroplasty.  相似文献   
6.
Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) is a cell based immunomodulatory therapy in which the patient is attached intravenously to a cell separating machine. During ECP a patient's blood is collected via either a central venous access device (CVAD) or a peripherally inserted 16G arterial venous fistula needle in either one or both antecubital fossa. However, patients presenting for ECP with GVHD repeatedly present a challenge to the ECP team due to poor venous access resulting from previous therapies and skin changes. The use of peripherally inserted central venous catheters (PICCs) offers an alternative route of vascular access for this cohort of patients. Here we present a case report of a patient successfully treated with ECP following the insertion of a PICC line.  相似文献   
7.
8.
The development of acute graft‐versus‐host‐disease (GVHD) in recipients of donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) is not rare and the complication is quite often fatal. We describe a severe skin GVHD patient who responded well to basiliximab. A 20‐year‐old male who received a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation at his age of 18. His fusion gene Aml1/Eto remained positive, so he was administered with DLI combined with interferon‐a (IFN‐a). Forty days after the therapy, he presented with severe skin rashes with multiple mucous membrane involvement. The skin and mucous lesions recovered after basiliximab treatment. So far, severe type of erythema multiforme in GVHD patients after DLI with IFN‐a injection is firstly reported here, together with a new alternative therapy.  相似文献   
9.
The main aim of the paper is to discuss current knowledge on how Age Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) affects Dark Adaptation (DA). The paper is divided into three parts. Firstly, we outline some of the molecular mechanisms that control DA. Secondly, we review the psychophysical issues and the corresponding analytical techniques. Finally, we characterise the link between slowed DA and the morphological abnormalities in early AMD.Historically, DA has been regarded as too cumbersome for widespread clinical application. Yet the technique is extremely useful; it is widely accepted that the psychophysically obtained slope of the second rod-mediated phase of the dark adaptation function is an accurate assay of photoreceptor pigment regeneration kinetics. Technological developments have prompted new ways of generating the DA curve, but analytical problems remain. A simple potential solution to these, based on the application of a novel fast mathematical algorithm, is presented. This allows the calculation of the parameters of the DA curve in real time.Improving current management of AMD will depend on identifying a satisfactory endpoint for evaluating future therapeutic strategies. This must be implemented before the onset of severe disease. Morphological changes progress too slowly to act as a satisfactory endpoint for new therapies whereas functional changes, such as those seen in DA, may have more potential in this regard. It is important to recognise, however, that the functional changes are not confined to rods and that building a mathematical model of the DA curve enables the separation of rod and cone dysfunction and allows more versatility in terms of the range of disease severity that can be monitored. Examples are presented that show how analysing the DA curve into its constituent components can improve our understanding of the morphological changes in early AMD.  相似文献   
10.
目的:分析关于芦可替尼联合激素一线治疗初诊中高危急性移植物抗宿主病(a GVHD)疗效(NCT04061876)的单臂、开放性临床试验患者,一线治疗前后外周血中淋巴亚群尤其是髓系来源抑制细胞(MDSC)的动力学特征。方法:前瞻性观察本院23例采用芦可替尼联合激素一线治疗的中高危a GVHD患者的疗效,同时监测其淋巴细胞亚群和MDSC的变化特征,并与20例allo-HSCT后无a GVHD及23例采用激素一线治疗的a GVHD患者进行比较。结果:23例中高危a GVHD患者采用芦可替尼联合激素一线治疗后28 d的CR率为78.26%(18/23)。治疗28 d后,患者外周血中CD4+CD29+T细胞(P=0.08)含量低于治疗前,而研究中监测的其他淋巴细胞亚群的含量均高于治疗前;与难治性a GVHD患者相比,CR患者外周血中CD4+CD29+T细胞呈下降趋势。治疗28 d后,a GVHD患者外周血中CD8+CD28-T细胞(P=0.03)及CD8+CD28-T/CD8+CD28+T细胞的比值(P=0.03)明显高于allo-HSCT后无a GVHD患者。alloHSCT后,a GVHD患者外周血中粒系MDSC(G-MDSC)含量均低于无a GVHD患者,allo-HSCT后14 d差异最为显著(P=0.04)。按一线治疗疗效分层,CR患者治疗后3、7 d外周血中单核系MDSC(M-MDSC)的含量较治疗前增高(P3=0.01,P7=0.03),治疗后28 d患者外周血中e-MDSC的含量较治疗前增高(P=0.01);难治性a GVHD患者治疗后3 d外周血中M-MDSC的含量较CR患者低(P=0.01),治疗后28 d患者外周血中e-MDSC的含量较CR患者低(P=0.01);按照治疗方案进行对比分析,结果显示芦可替尼组MDSC各亚群的含量较激素组高,以M-MDSC差异最为显著(P3=0.0351;P7=0.0142;P14=0.0369)。结论:芦可替尼联合激素一线治疗a GVHD患者在获得较高的CR率的同时对allo-HSCT后患者的免疫重建的影响较小。a GVHD患者采用芦可替尼联合激素一线治疗后,外周血MDSC含量的增高提示,a GVHD患者对该治疗方案具有良好的反应性,且M-MDSC变化早于e-MDSC、G-MDSC。  相似文献   
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