Cutaneous ectopia of lung,located on back and neck: Hitherto undescribed presentation

Ectopia is defined as the presence of a normal-appearing tissue in an abnormal location, where it is not normally found. In the literature, it is also referred to as heterotopia and is described as choristoma when it forms a mass. Lung tissue ectopia is a rare anomaly and is characterized by the presence of mature lung tissue comprising well-formed bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli at an abnormal location. Occurrence of ectopic lung tissue in the skin is an extremely rare entity and the diagnosis is mostly established by histopathologic examination. This report documents a rare occurrence of cutaneous ectopic lung tissue at two locations (neck and back). Cutaneous ectopia at multiple sites has not been described in the literature till date.     

Ectopia Cordis with a Double Outlet Right Ventricle,Large Ventricular Septal Defect,Malposed Great Arteries and Left Ventricular Hypoplasia

Ectopia cordis, defined as partial or complete displacement of the heart outside of the thoracic cavity, is a rare congenital malformation. If not surgically corrected during the early years of life, ectopia cordis can prove to be a fatal abnormality. However, due to the presence of multiple intracardiac and extracardiac malformations, a corrective surgery might not always be successful. The pathology of ectopia cordis with a double outlet right ventricle, large ventricular septal defect, malposed great arteries and left ventricular hypoplasia is discussed, highlighting the complexities involved in such a rare disorder.     

LncRNA SNHG15 predicts poor prognosis in uveal melanoma and its potential pathways

AIM: To evaluate the inter-device agreement of corneal curvature between Pentacam and a swept-source Fourier-domain anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) in ectopia lentis patients. MethodS: Totally 72 eyes from 72 ectopia lentis patients were recruited. Central corneal thickness (CCT), corneal curvature values and corneal astigmatism were obtained from both the Pentacam and AS-OCT (CASIA2). Repeatability was evaluated for both devices. The coefficient of repeatability (COR) and the relative COR was calculated. Bland-Altman plots were performed to assess the inter-device agreement of measurement. Orthogonal linear regression was used to assess any proportional bias. Results: The mean difference of CCT, flat anterior corneal curvature (anterior Kf), steep anterior corneal curvature (anterior KS), anterior corneal astigmatism (ACA), flat posterior corneal curvature (posterior Kf), steep posterior corneal curvature (posterior KS), posterior corneal astigmatism (PCA), flat true net power (TNP Kf), steep true net power (TNP KS) and total corneal astigmatism (TCA) between Pentacam and CASIA2 were 7.03±9.70 μm, -0.27±0.35 D, -0.19±0.41 D, 0.04±0.47 D, -0.11±0.11 D, -0.17±0.23 D, -0.02±1.02 D -0.52±0.46 D, -0.41±0.43 D, and -0.15±0.96 D, respectively. For measurement of TNP Kf with the Pentacam and CASIA2, a mean difference of 0.52 D and COR of 0.90 with P=0.020 was detected. There was no significant difference in CCT (P=0.393), anterior Kf (P=0.107), anterior Ks (P=0.414), ACA (P=0.131), posterior Kf (P=0.286), posterior Ks (P=0.418), PCA (P=0.105), TNP Ks (P=0.054), and TCA (P=0.977) between Pentacam and CASIA2. Conclusion: Our study indicates generally good agreement of CCT, corneal curvature and corneal astigmatism measurement by the Pentacam and CASIA2 in ectopia lentis patients. However, there was significant difference for CCT and corneal curvature values obtained by the two devices.     

Transverse testicular ectopia

Described herein are six cases of transverse testicular ectopia. All patients who underwent orchidopexy at the one pediatric surgical unit between October 2001 and January 2008 were evaluated. The medical records of all patients diagnosed with transverse testicular ectopia were evaluated retrospectively. Five patients (84%) were admitted with a symptomatic right inguinal hernia and empty scrotum on the left side. Only one child (16%) had left‐sided hernia and right non‐palpable testis (age ranged from 1 month to 3 years). Four patients (66%) were diagnosed in the operating theatre and the last two (33%) on inguinal ultrasound preoperatively. Magnetic resonance imaging was also performed in the last patient. Herniorrhaphy with fixation of the ectopic gonad to the opposite hemiscrotum through a transseptal incision was performed in all patients. Postoperative complications were not observed.     

A case report of transverse testicular ectopia with testicular microlithiasis

Transverse testicular ectopia is a rare congenital anomaly in which both testes migrate along the same inguinal canal toward the scrotum. This report describes the case of the rarest form of transverse testicular ectopia in a 23‐year‐old man with coexisting testicular microlithiasis in one of the two testes as diagnosed on sonography and confirmed on MRI. We are unaware of any previous published reports of this association. Although the etiology of both conditions is debatable, each is believed to be associated with an increased risk of testicular malignancy, and this poses a dilemma for the future management of this patient. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 43:520–523 2015     

General paresis presenting with lens dislocation

A 62-year-old woman is described in whom the occurrence of bilateral lens dislocation into the vitreous led to the diagnosis of general paresis. In this patient the dislocated lenses were discovered on a computed tomographic scan of the brain. The literature concerning the association of syphilis and lens dislocation is reviewed.     

Ectopia cordis: A rare congenital anomaly

Ectopia cordis (EC) is a rare congenital anomaly associated with the heart positioned outside of the thoracic cavity either partially or completely. The ectopic heart can be found along a spectrum of anatomical locations, including the cervical, thoracic and abdominal regions and in most cases, it protrudes outside the chest through a split sternum. Although the first case of EC was identified during the early 1600s only 91 cases have been reported since then in the literature. This review will discuss the history and prevalence of EC, its etiology, morphology, presentation and symptoms, complications, diagnosis, treatment and management and prognosis. Clin. Anat. 27:1193–1199, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.