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1.
《Cirugía espa?ola》2023,101(8):548-554
IntroductionPelvic fractures due to high energy trauma present a high risk of associated injuries that compromise the functional and vital prognosis of the patients. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between traumatic pelvic fractures and their associated injuries according to the Tile classification.MethodsRetrospective observational study of patients who suffered traumatic pelvic fractures (Type A, B or C of the Tile classification) with concomitant associated injuries, analyzing hemoglobin levels, between 6/2013 and 1/2016.ResultsA total of 42 patients were included; of those 69% (n = 29) were males, mean age was 48 years. 45% (n = 19) suffered traffic accidents and 26.2% (n = 11) falls. There was a different proportion in pelvic injuries: Tile A (n = 15, 35.7%), B (n = 20, 47.6%), and C (n = 7, 16.6%) of cases. 54.8% (n = 23) underwent surgery, 21.4% (n = 9) needed temporary or definitive external fixation. Significant differences were found between Tile A type and scapula fractures (P=.032), and Tile B with sacral fractures (P=.033) and visceral injuries (P=.049), while there is a tendency without a statistical significal between Tile C and costal fractures. 61.9% (n = 26) needed blood transfusion; 9.5% (n = 4) presented hypovolemic shock.ConclusionsTile A pelvic fractures were associated with scapular fractures, and Tile B with transforaminal fractures of the sacrum and with visceral injuries (lungs, liver and genitourinary). The small number of Tile C prevent us to confirm an association with any pathology, although they are the ones which presnt more hemodynamically instability and thoracic injuries.  相似文献   
2.
ObjectiveTo provide consensus on how to plan, organize and implement exercise-based injury prevention program (IPP) in sports.DesignDelphi.SettingLimeSurvey platform.ParticipantsExperienced sports physical therapists from the International Federation of Sports Physical Therapy member countries.Main outcome measuresFactors related to sports IPP planning, organization and implementation.ResultsWe included 305 participants from 32 countries. IPP planning should be based on an athlete's injury history, on pre-season screening results, and on injury rates (respectively, 98%, 92%, 89% agreement). In total 97% participants agreed that IPP organization should depend on the athlete's age, 93% on the competition level, and 93% on the availability of low-cost materials. It was agreed that IPP should mainly be implemented in warm-up sessions delivered by the head or strength/conditioning coach, with physical training sessions and individual physical therapy sessions (respectively, 94%, 92%, 90% agreement).ConclusionStrong consensus was reached on (1) IPP based on the athlete's injury history, pre-season screening and evidence-based sports-specific injury rates; (2) IPP organization based on the athlete's age, competition level, and the availability of low-cost materials and (3) IPP implementation focussing on warm-up sessions implemented by the strength/conditioning coach, and/or individual prevention sessions by the physical therapist.  相似文献   
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4.
AIM: To describe prevalence and different clinical signs and management of cases with penetrating eye injuries during loco-regional anesthesia for ophthalmic surgery. METHODS: A retrospective review of clinical records was carried out, identifying cases of globe penetration secondary to peribulbar anesthesia injection during 5y activity in Centro de Oftalmología Barraquer. RESULTS: A total of 17 460 needle-based ocular anesthesia procedures were performed in our centre and 4 cases of globe penetration were recorded with an estimated prevalence of 0.024%. Globe penetrations were always detected in the first 24h after surgery. Vitreous haemorrhage was found in all the cases. Two eyes presented retinal detachment and two eyes choroidal detachment (CD). The initial surgical approach was performed within the first 48h. Silicone oil was used as tamponade in three eyes and the fourth case remained only with air. Detachments were solved successfully in all the cases. Functional results varied among cases, depending on ocular remarkable antecedent and globe penetration with or without retinal or CD. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of globe penetration during loco-regional anesthesia is low in our centre. Physicians should consider the possibility of globe penetration in eyes with postoperative atypical appearance after loco-regional anesthesia. Immediate B-scan ultrasonography is recommended in suspicious cases with a dense vitreous haemorrhage. An early vitrectomy surgery in conjunction with laser or cryotherapy at the penetration sites is essential for good anatomical and functional results.  相似文献   
5.
目的 探讨开放性修复手术治疗距腓前韧带距骨侧止点撕脱骨折的临床疗效。方法 回顾性研究。纳入2017年11月—2021年4月徐州仁慈医院足踝外科确诊为距腓前韧带距骨侧止点撕脱骨折的患者4例(4足)。其中男3例、女1例,年龄15~45岁(平均30.3岁),右足2例、左足2例。患者均采用外踝前外侧小切口开放性修复手术治疗距腓前韧带的距骨侧止点撕脱骨折,术后石膏制动。观察项目:(1)记录患者骨折愈合的时间、末次随访时踝关节疼痛视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分,美国足踝外科协会(AOFAS)踝-后足功能评分、踝关节功能评价Karlsson-Peterson评分。(2)术前及末次随访时测量距骨前移距离(ATT)、距骨倾斜角(TT)。结果 4例患者手术均顺利完成,术后均获随访8~25个月。(1)患者骨折愈合均良好,愈合时间3~5个月(平均3.8个月)。末次随访时,患者疼痛VAS评分为0~2分(平均1.3分),AOFAS踝-后足评分为89~95分(平均92.8分),Karlsson-Peterson评分为89~94分(平均91.5分);患者1例踝关节疼痛消失,其余3例仅有轻微酸胀不适,不影响日常行走。(2)末次随访时ATT为(2.4±0.3)mm、TT为2.8°±0.8°,较术前(8.4±0.8)mm和10.0°±1.4°明显改善,差异均有统计学意义(t=14.40、19.62,P值均<0.001)。结论 采用开放性小切口结合2枚锚钉修复距腓前韧带的距骨侧撕脱骨折,可有效恢复患者踝关节的稳定性。手术创伤小,操作简便,有临床推广价值。  相似文献   
6.
ObjectiveTo examine the fourth version of the Spinal Cord Independence Measure for reliability and validity.DesignPartly blinded comparison with the criterion standard Spinal Cord Independence Measure III, and between examiners and examinations.SettingA multicultural cohort from 19 spinal cord injury units in 11 countries.ParticipantsA total of 648 patients with spinal cord injury.InterventionAssessment with Spinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM IV) and Spinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM III) on admission to inpatient rehabilitation and before discharge.Main outcome measuresSCIM IV interrater reliability, internal consistency, correlation with and difference from SCIM III, and responsiveness.ResultsTotal agreement between examiners was above 80% on most SCIM IV tasks. All Kappa coefficients were above 0.70 and statistically significant (P<.001). Pearson's coefficients of the correlation between the examiners were above 0.90, and intraclass correlation coefficients were above 0.90. Cronbach's alpha was above 0.96 for the entire SCIM IV, above 0.66 for the subscales, and usually decreased when an item was eliminated. Reliability values were lower for the subscale of respiration and sphincter management, and on admission than at discharge. SCIM IV and SCIM III mean values were very close, and the coefficients of Pearson correlation between them were 0.91-0.96 (P<.001). The responsiveness of SCIM IV was not significantly different from that of SCIM III in most of the comparisons.ConclusionsThe validity, reliability, and responsiveness of SCIM IV, which was adjusted to assess specific patient conditions or situations that SCIM III does not address, and which includes more accurate definitions of certain scoring criteria, are very good and quite similar to those of SCIM III. SCIM IV can be used for clinical and research trials, including international multi-center studies, and its group scores can be compared with those of SCIM III.  相似文献   
7.
目的应用原位缝合及原位缝合联合单束重建技术治疗前交叉韧带(ACL)损伤,并研究短期随访的临床结果。 方法选择2016年1月至2018年6月福建医科大学附属第一医院ACL损伤患者作为观察组。纳入标准:确诊为前交叉韧带股骨端损伤的男性患者;排除标准:多发韧带损伤或受伤时间大于3月的患者。根据Sherman分型分为两个亚组并选择不同手术方式,Sherman-Ⅰ型亚组选择原位缝合(原位缝合组),Sherman-Ⅱ/Ⅲ型选择原位缝合联合单束重建(联合重建组)。选择2015年1月至12月在同单位行ACL重建手术(单束重建)的患者数据作为对照组,同样根据Sherman分型分为Sherman-Ⅰ型亚组和Sherman-Ⅱ/Ⅲ型亚组。原位缝合及原位缝合联合单束重建患者进行1年临床随访。观测指标包括:膝关节评分(IKDC);信噪比(SNQ);Opti Knee三维膝关节运动测试;Lachman试验,前抽屉试验及轴移试验,GNRB膝关节稳定度测量仪检测关节稳定度。结果进行亚组间比较。连续性变量使用t检验,计数变量使用卡方检验。 结果原位缝合及原位缝合联合单束重建17例患者获得随访,韧带重建对照组回顾性资料共获得28例完整数据。其中Sherman-Ⅰ型共19例,8例行原位缝合,11例为ACL重建(对照); Sherman-Ⅱ/Ⅲ型共26例,9例为联合重建组,17例为ACL重建(对照)。在IKDC评分,GNRB膝关节稳定度测试,Lachman试验,前抽屉试验及轴移试验等方面,各组间差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。术后MRI提示原位缝合组的SNQ值(9.8±3.2)高于联合重建组(6.4±1.9)(t=2.6,P<0.05)。Opti Knee三维运动测试显示原位缝合组无论步行还是慢跑状态下,外旋角度均较健侧减小[步行状态健侧(22.3±1.2)°,患侧(15.0°±2.0)°,(t=3.2,P<0.05);慢跑状态健侧(23.0±1.3)°,患侧(14.1±1.8)°,(t=4.0,P<0.05)]。股骨近端位移均较健侧减少[步行状态健侧(1.2±0.2) mm,患侧(0.5±0.1)mm,(t=2.9,P<0.05);慢跑状态健侧(1.1±0.3)mm,患侧(0.5±0.2)mm,(t=3.1,P<0.05)]。而联合重建组无论是步行还是慢跑状态下健侧与术侧在各个方向的位移无明显差异。 结论Sherman-Ⅰ型急性ACL损伤进行单纯原位缝合可以获得相当于韧带重建的临床疗效,针对Sherman-Ⅱ、Ⅲ型损伤,原位缝合联合单束重建术后1年的运动学评估可以完全恢复到健侧相同水平。  相似文献   
8.
 目的 探讨武警某队属医院收治的骨关节训练伤特点及膝关节损伤的危险因素。方法 收集2020年1-12月因骨关节军事训练伤在武警湖北总队医院骨科住院治疗官兵的病例资料,通过统计骨关节训练伤种类、构成比及受伤训练科目与时间来分析骨关节训练伤的特点。采用回顾性病例对照研究的设计,以分层整群抽样的方式在全总队范围抽取83名发生过膝关节损伤的官兵为损伤组,91名从未发生膝关节损伤的官兵作为未损伤组,向两组受试对象发放问卷,通过问卷设置一般情况、行为习惯、身体素质、训练运动量、主观情绪、社会认知6个维度共20个问题,对问卷内容采用单因素分析和二元Logistic回归分析以探索膝关节损伤的相关危险因素。结果 (1)2020年,武警湖北总队医院共收治骨关节训练伤住院病例155例,含12类疾病诊断,其中膝关节损伤在骨关节训练伤疾病谱系中占比最高,400m障碍是最常导致骨关节损伤的训练科目,1-3月及7-9月为骨关节训练伤发病的高峰期。(2)膝关节损伤的单因素分析显示,损伤组的行中、大强度训练量与消极情绪人数占比高于未损伤组(P<0.05);与损伤组相比,未损伤组中有饮茶习惯的人数占比较高(P<0.05);损伤组中体重指数超重人数占比、吸烟习惯的人数占比及睡眠质量较差的人数占比均高于未损伤组(P<0.05);Logistc回归表明:超负荷训练量、消极情绪、睡眠差、高BMI值、吸烟是膝关节训练伤的独立危险因素(P<0.05),饮茶习惯是保护因素(P<0.05)。结论 (1)骨关节训练伤主要由12类病种构成,其中膝关节损伤的占比最高;在发生骨关节损伤的8个训练项目中,400米障碍训练是最容易发生骨关节损伤的,每年1-3月及7-9月是骨关节训练伤发病率的高峰期。(2)过高训练量、消极情绪、睡眠差、吸烟、高BMI值是在军事训练中导致膝关节损伤的独立危险因素,饮茶习惯则是保护因素。  相似文献   
9.
Vascular injuries that occur during traffic accidents are a commonly neglected aspect that can add more detail to the framework of a case. In this study, we analysed a case series of 150 traffic accidents, 39 of which were marked by microscopically identifiable vascular lesions. The purpose was to identify the presence of carotid injuries in individuals who died due to traffic accidents and had nonpenetrating trauma of the neck. We focused on the discrepancies regarding the macroscopical aspect and the histology and demonstrated how histological analysis of the carotids in cases of trauma can reveal injuries that are attributable to the trauma itself. We conducted a histological analysis of the lesions to describe their distribution and type and investigate potential correlations. The study offers insight on how to examine road accidents that involve traumatic injury of the carotid arteries. Indeed the main task of the forensic pathologist in the case of death is to establish the existence of a causal relationship between the micro- or macroscopic alterations observed in the autopsy and the traumatic event that led to the death of the subject. Thus, further morphological elements were provided to the forensic practitioners that may reveal injuries attributable to the trauma itself and should be evaluated in cases of trauma in traffic accidents.  相似文献   
10.
BackgroundExplosion fatalities are the severest type of violent crimes. These involve the use of explosive devices in terrorist like activities in confined spaces in civilian or military settings, with mass number of people present all around. A stark dearth of literature for the forensic interpretation of such catastrophes is astonishing.PurposeCharacterization of the pattern of the multitude of injuries in explosions in confined spaces as guide for investigations and growth of literature on this entity.MethodologyA review of the archives of the forensic examinations of mass fatalities due to an explosion in a metro car was undertaken. It was combined with the reconstruction of the events by developing a three-dimensional model of this incident that involved seventeen fatalities.ResultsAll the decedents showed differential pattern of fatal injuries under the influence of damaging explosion factors (DEFs). The causative forces were characterized as gas-detonation (in all the cases), damaging effect by shock waves (59% of the cases), and impact of fragmentation and collision of the body (thrown off) with nearby objects. Traumatic effect due to shrapnel as well as blunt force was noted in 82% of the cases. Gross destruction of head due to combined effect of gas-detonation and fragmentation was seen in 29% of the cases.ConclusionAn interpretation of the nature and pattern of injuries in confined space explosions can help to estimate the location of deceased/s with respect to the epicenter and the type of DEFs.  相似文献   
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