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儿童系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)是一种典型的自身免疫反应性疾病,可同时累及皮肤和多个内脏器官,其特征为患儿血中出现大量的抗核抗原的自身抗体,并表现为多系统损害。该病多见于8岁以上的儿童,国外报道儿童SLE发病率为(0.36~0.60)/10万[1],其中90%为女性[2]。亚洲地区女孩发病率最高,有报道白种女孩为(1.27~4.4)/10万,而亚洲女孩则为(6.16~31.14)/10万。我国2001—2005年8所医院共432例儿童SLE发病情况的调查显示,平均年龄9~13岁,4岁以前幼儿发病者少见,男女比例约为1∶5[3]。  相似文献   
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目的分析1000例儿童肾活检的成功率及并发症。方法收集2005-01-01—2012-1-31在成都市妇女儿童中心医院儿童肾内科就诊的肾脏病患儿1000例,在B超引导下经皮穿刺活检,分析取材长度、活检针数与成功率及并发症的关系。结果 962例获得足够肾组织,平均肾小球(24.1±12.3)个(5~53个),满足光镜、电镜、免疫荧光检查的需要,并做出了完整的病理诊断;10例虽然穿刺成功,但全为髓质组织,没有肾小球;28例肾小球数少于5个,未做出病理诊断;总成功率96.2%。其主要并发症:患者术后出现并发症17%,其中一过性肉眼血尿85例,占8.5%(85/1000例),部分患儿有腰部不适75例,占7.5%(75/1000例),肾周血肿10例,占1%,无感染、休克、动静脉瘘等严重并发症发生。结论超声引导下儿童肾活检成功率高、并发症少,是安全可靠的。  相似文献   
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??OBJECTIVE To conduct a comprehensive PRISMA-compliant systematic review and Meta-analysis to evaluate the safety and efficacy of genotype-guided initial dosing of warfarin. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane library, CNKI, CBM, and Wanfang data were electronically searched, and randomized controlled trials comparing pharmacogenetic dosing of warfarin vursus routine anticoagulant treatment were included. Then two reviewers independently used EndNote X7 software to filter the literatures, extracte data and assess study quality,and Revman 5,2 software was used to conduct Meta analysis, The primary endpoints were the percentage of time within the therapeutic INR range and adverse events, The secondary endpoints were the time to reach a stable warfarin dose and the propotion of patients reaching stable warfarin dose. RESULTS Nine trials met the inclusion criteria, in which a total of 1 390 patients were randomly assigned to genotype-guided group and control group (traditional dosing) to receive warfarin treatment with a follow-up time ranging from 4 weeks to 3 months, It was discovered that the percentage of time within the therapeutic INR range in genotype-guided group was improved compared with the control group when the initial routine dose was fixed , and a smaller number of patients in genotype-guided group developed adverse events , Genotype-guided group reached stable warfarin dose earlier compared with the control group ,but there was statistical heterogeneity among the studies(P??0.000 01,I2=99%), The propotion of patients who reached stable dose in genotype-guide group was larger than that in traditional dosing group , CONCLUSION Genotype-guided initial dosing of warfarin can increase the percentage of time within the therapeutic INR range, reduce the incidance of adverse events,shorten the time to reach stable dose, and increase the propotion of patients reaching stable dose,
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