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1.
目的 通过对东天山区域10个县、市、区开展中药资源调查,了解该地区药用植物资源及其多样性,为合理开发和可持续利用该地区中药资源提供依据。方法 按《全国中药资源普查技术规范》开展调查工作,并与第三次全国中药资源普查相关数据进行对比。结果 共调查野外样地360个1413套8478个样方。采集到腊叶标本13 455份,包含77科339属761种,其中蕨类6科7属8种、裸子植物3科5属16种、被子植物68科327属737种。结论 东天山药用植物受其独特的地理环境影响,南坡与北坡植被类型不同,形成了独有的药用植物资源分布特点。该地区重点特色品种有甘草、贝母、阜康阿魏、麻黄、紫草、琐琐葡萄等,资源量与第三次全国中药资源普查相比均大幅下降;而栽培肉苁蓉资源量大幅上升。  相似文献   
2.
目的:调查研究四川省盐亭县中药资源、重点品种、药用植物栽培情况等,为盐亭县中药资源的开发利用提供科学依据。方法:以全国第4次中药资源普查技术规范为指导,通过野外样地调查、栽培药材调查、市场调查、民间走访调查、标本采集与制作、普查数据整理等方法,对盐亭县现有中药资源进行普查、统计和分析。结果:本次调查总共完成了36个样地、180个样方套、1 080个样方的调查,完成重点中药材调查40种,重点中药材种质资源收集40种,调查栽培药材20种,制作药用植物标本407种。结论:盐亭县中药资源种类较为丰富,但分布较为分散,中药种植产业正处于初期阶段,栽培药材种类丰富,形成了一定规模。在此基础上,应加强盐亭县中医药产业发展规划指导,充分发掘当地中药资源,对其进行合理开发、利用和保护。  相似文献   
3.
ObjectiveNursing homes (NHs) provide care to residents with serious illness and related complex health care needs. As such, discussions about end-of-life care between NH staff and residents and families are necessary to ensure residents receive care consistent with their goals. Interventions such as video decision aids have been developed to promote discussions and improve advance care planning, but few studies have examined how NH characteristics may relate to the implementation of these interventions; such information might lead toward more use of successful interventions. The purpose of this study is to understand NH characteristics that are associated with the implementation of the Goals of Care (GOC) intervention, which combined a video decision aid with a structured discussion to guide decision-making in advanced dementia.DesignA multiple case study.Setting and ParticipantsStaff surveys were conducted to examine factors related to implementation effectiveness in 11 NHs in North Carolina that participated in the GOC trial.MethodsQuestions measured the dependent variable of implementation effectiveness: the consistency and quality of use of the GOC intervention. NH organizational characteristics were measured using publicly available data and an administrator survey. The analysis consisted of pattern matching logic.ResultsHigh management support aligned with implementation effectiveness within NHs. In addition, the within case pattern analysis indicated additional characteristics related to implementation effectiveness. Facility size, Medicare beds, residents’ racial composition, and star rating were related to implementation effectiveness across 6 of the 11 NHs. NH financial resources, such as size and number of Medicare beds, may be important factors for successful implementation.Conclusion and ImplicationsNHs seeking to implement advance care planning interventions should focus on within and across NH differences, such as adequate management and financial support prior to implementation to increase the likelihood of implementation effectiveness.  相似文献   
4.
目的 分析2015—2020年重庆市各区县卫生资源配置效率,为重庆市提升资源配置效率提供参考。方法 采用数据包络分析的BCC模型和Malmquist指数对2015—2020年重庆市各区县卫生资源配置效率进行分析。结果 在2020年,重庆市卫生资源配置的综合效率不高,38个区县中有7个区县处于DEA有效状态,8个区县处于DEA弱有效状态;2015—2020年,重庆市全要素生产率指数均值为0.945,3个区县的全要素生产率指数大于1。结论 重庆市各区县卫生资源配置效率有待提高,重点在于提升技术进步水平;重庆市四大区域内部和四大区域之间卫生资源配置效率差异较大,需整合医疗卫生资源,重视医学科技创新和成果转化,达到提升卫生资源配置效率的目标。  相似文献   
5.
2012年上海市政府通过启动实施“5+3+1”工程,加快郊区三级医院建设,推动全市优质医疗资源布局更加均衡。作为工程项目的上海某三甲医院分院区通过医联体建设,积极发挥优质医疗资源辐射作用,推动远郊医疗资源整合。2021年按照市政府部署,该院启动一体化建设,并计划建设区域紧密型医联体,推进区域医疗资源整合。本课题在梳理分析区域医疗资源现状和做法的基础上,尝试提出发展对策:立足牵头医院高质量一体化发展进程,按照“政府主导、资源整合、部门联动”的基本原则,推进建立区域紧密型医疗联合体,并通过优化医联体建设体制机制、建立医联体管理运行主体、成立医联体党建联盟等,统筹属地政府、主管部门、牵头医院、成员单位等各方力量,加强整合资源配置,将区域内医疗机构逐步建设成为集服务、责任、利益、管理的为一体的共同体,为当地群众提供优质、高效、方便、经济的整合型医疗卫生服务。  相似文献   
6.
《Radiography》2022,28(3):718-724
IntroductionLiver cancer lesions on Computed Tomography (CT) withholds a great amount of data, which is not visible to the radiologists and radiographer. Radiomics features can be extracted from the lesions and used to train Machine Learning (ML) algorithms to predict between tumour and liver tissue. The purpose of this study was to investigate and classify Radiomics features extracted from liver tumours and normal liver tissue in a limited CT dataset.MethodsThe Liver Tumour Segmentation Benchmark (LiTS) dataset consisting of 131 CT scans of the liver with segmentations of tumour tissue and healthy liver was used to extract Radiomic features. Extracted Radiomic features included size, shape, and location extracted with morphological and statistical techniques according to the International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging manual. Relevant features was selected with chi2 correlation and principal component analysis (PCA) with tumour and healthy liver tissue as outcome according to a consensus between three experienced radiologists. Logistic regression, random forest and support vector machine was used to train and validate the dataset with a 10-fold cross-validation method and the Grid Search as hyper-parameter tuning. Performance was evaluated with sensitivity, specificity and accuracy.ResultsThe performance of the ML algorithms achieved sensitivities, specificities and accuracy ranging from 96.30% (95% CI: 81.03%–99.91%) to 100.00% (95% CI: 86.77%–100.00%), 91.30% (95% CI: 71.96%–98.93%) to 100.00% (95% CI: 83.89%–100.00%)and 94.00% (95% CI: 83.45%–98.75%) to 100.00% (95% CI: 92.45%–100.00%), respectively.ConclusionML algorithms classifies Radiomics features extracted from healthy liver and tumour tissue with perfect accuracy. The Radiomics signature allows for a prognostic biomarker for hepatic tumour screening on liver CT.Implications for practiceDifferentiation between tumour and liver tissue with Radiomics ML algorithms have the potential to increase the diagnostic accuracy, assist in the decision-making of supplementary multiphasic enhanced medical imaging, as well as for developing novel prognostic biomarkers for liver cancer patients.  相似文献   
7.
目的 分析2013-2019年中国31省市中医药资源配置水平及区域差异,探讨影响资源配置水平的主要因素,为优化中国中医药资源配置提供依据。方法 选取具有代表性的每万人口中医药机构数、每万人口中医药技术人员以及每万人口中医药床位数作为中医药资源配置水平的指标,利用统计年鉴2013-2019年的面板数据,综合运用熵权法、可分解的泰尔指数以及面板时间固定效应模型,分析各省份中医药资源配置水平及区域公平性差异和影响因素。结果 中国中医药资源配置水平均值为0.165,整体呈现递增趋势,不同省份间配置水平有差异;按人口配置的总体泰尔指数优于按面积配置的指数;公平性差异主要来自于四大经济区区域内差异;经济发展水平、城镇化水平和财政自主度是影响中医药资源配置的主要因素(P<0.05)。结论 中医药资源配置整体水平呈增长趋势,资源配置的公平性有待于进一步提高,应重点关注区域内的不公平性。经济发展水平、城镇化水平和财政自主度是影响中医药资源配置水平的主要因素,建议各地区根据当地不同现状精准施策。  相似文献   
8.
9.
Fibroepithelial polyps (FEPs) are common, benign intraoral lesions that tend to develop slowly at predictable sites, often in response to local irritation or trauma. Historical precedent often results in referral to oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) departments for biopsy, often irrespective of symptoms, and histological assessment. OMFS and pathology services are struggling to cope with an increasing workload that will potentially lead to widespread delays to diagnosis and treatment. Over the past 20 years, clinical pathways and guidance have been developed to ensure that healthcare interventions, such as the removal of third molars, tonsils, skin tags, and benign moles, are evidence-based, have a net patient benefit, and ensure the best use of finite NHS resources. However, no such guidance exists for intraoral lesions and we regard this as an oversight. We analysed the removal of 682 FEPs over a seven-year period and report sensitivities of 92.4% for a “confirmed clinical suspicion of an FEP” and 99.7% for a “confirmed clinical suspicion of a benign diagnosis”. The incidence of non-benign disease was 0.3%. Primary care dentists should be able to diagnose and monitor FEPs and refer only if symptoms are serious or in high-risk patients or sites. Adopting this practice across the UK could free up to 1825 four-hour OMFS clinics, 405 hours of consultant histopathologists’ time, and recurring savings to the NHS estimated to be in the region of £620 000/annum. We believe that the removal of FEPs should be reclassified as an “intervention not normally funded”, and the time and resources put to better use treating patients with lesions of questionable pathology.  相似文献   
10.
"生物海盗"事件频发,拥有丰富遗传资源和相关传统知识的发展中国家呼吁建立获取与惠益分享的国际制度,以管理遗传资源及其相关传统知识获取、利用和惠益分享行为,保障遗传资源及其相关传统知识提供者权益。《生物多样性公约》及其《名古屋议定书》等一系列国际文书的通过,逐渐完善了遗传资源获取和惠益分享国际规则和制度体系,保障了遗传资源和相关传统知识提供者的权益。  相似文献   
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