现代医院顾客满意度研究

为了研究医院病人满意程度，提高医院管理水平，特别是提高医院质量管理水平，更好地为病人服务。作者根据国内、外顾客满意度调查方法，结合我国医院实际情况，设计了适合我国医院的“等级刻度满意”调查表。此表可以具体的反映病人的感受，使医院质量标准由符合技术标准转为符合病人需求，符合医疗水平市场需求。  

Global illness and deaths caused by rotavirus disease in children

To estimate the global illness and deaths caused by rotavirus disease, we reviewed studies published from 1986 to 2000 on deaths caused by diarrhea and on rotavirus infections in children. We assessed rotavirus-associated illness in three clinical settings (mild cases requiring home care alone, moderate cases requiring a clinic visit, and severe cases requiring hospitalization) and death rates in countries in different World Bank income groups. Each year, rotavirus causes approximately 111 million episodes of gastroenteritis requiring only home care, 25 million clinic visits, 2 million hospitalizations, and 352,000-592,000 deaths (median, 440,000 deaths) in children <5 years of age. By age 5, nearly every child will have an episode of rotavirus gastroenteritis, 1 in 5 will visit a clinic, 1 in 65 will be hospitalized, and approximately 1 in 293 will die. Children in the poorest countries account for 82% of rotavirus deaths. The tremendous incidence of rotavirus disease underscores the urgent need for interventions, such as vaccines, particularly to prevent childhood deaths in developing nations.  

Human disease from influenza A (H5N1), Thailand, 2004

Influenza A (H5N1) is endemic in poultry across much of Southeast Asia, but limited information exists on the distinctive features of the few human cases. In Thailand, we instituted nationwide surveillance and tested respiratory specimens by polymerase chain reaction and viral isolation. From January 1 to March 31, 2004, we reviewed 610 reports and identified 12 confirmed and 21 suspected cases. All 12 confirmed case-patients resided in villages that experienced abnormal chicken deaths, 9 lived in households whose backyard chickens died, and 8 reported direct contact with dead chickens. Seven were children <14 years of age. Fever preceded dyspnea by a median of 5 days, and lymphopenia significantly predicted acute respiratory distress syndrome development and death. Among hundreds of thousands of potential human cases of influenza A (H5N1) in Asia, a history of direct contact with sick poultry, young age, pneumonia and lymphopenia, and progression to acute respiratory distress syndrome should prompt specific laboratory testing for H5 influenza.  

育龄妇女人工流产的社会心理学研究

运用社会心理学研究中的专题讨论会方法,了解上海育龄妇女对人工流产和人工流产是否影响妇女健康的看法。1993年在上海市区召开了14次专题讨论会,共调查140例对象,其中无人工流产史育龄妇女69例,一次及以上人工流产史育龄妇女71例。研究的主要结果为:①对避孕失败致意外妊娠而需终止妊娠者,人工流产是一种安全、有效、不能完全被药物流产等方法替代的补救措施。②尽管发生率不高,但人工流产术会有一些并发症及对其后的妊娠有不利的影响,如人工流产后继发不育、自然流产、子宫内膜异位和习惯性流产、生殖系统疾病。③人工流产不仅会危害妇女的生殖健康,还影响妇女的心理状况,使得有人工流产经历的妇女降低了性生活频率和兴致。④教育程度和既往人工流产经历影响育龄妇女对人工流产手术的看法。⑤希望在人工流产时使用麻醉药,进一步提高避孕药具的有效性,加强对人工流产施术者的职业道德教育,理解和同情妇女接受人工流产所受的痛苦。  

医院知识型员工激励机制的实证研究

以激励理论为基础,通过对医院知识型员工的大规模调查,分析目前医院知识型员工的需求特征,提出医院激励机制的结构模型,阐述医院知识型员工需求的要素特性,并就建立针对知识型员工的契约性激励机制提出建设性意见.  

军队医院科研资源配置及运行研究

为探讨科研资源的配制和运行情况，本阐述了科研资源配制中存在供需矛盾突出，分布不均，浪费现象严重，管理方式及管理理论滞后，医学研究化氛围不免浓厚等问题；同时，提出了科研资源的配置原则，为科研资源的合理配制提供借鉴的经验。  

创新科研管理促进医院快速发展

本文阐述了某军队医院创新科研管理，促进医院快速发展的主要做法、成效和体会。主要做法：一是调整科技发展思路，突出科研工作重点；二是强化政策导向作用，营造创新发展氛围；三是加强科研过程管理，提高科技创新水平；四是加大科技投入，夯实技术服务平台。取得的主要成效：一是科技实力显著增强，多项科研指标升至全国医疗机构前茅；二是学科人才建设卓有成效，大批拔尖人才脱颖而出。主要体会：一是要始终坚持以人为本，充分调动和发挥人才的积极性；二是要始终坚持机制建设，不断提高科研效益；三是要始终坚持统筹兼顾，促进医教研协调发展。  

Determinants of duration of disability and return-to-work after work-related injury and illness: challenges for future research

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this review was to identify critical data and research needs in addressing the following question: What are the primary factors that affect the time lost from work, return-to-work (RTW), subsequent unemployment, and changes in occupation after disabling illness or injury? METHODS: Review of the literature to identify research challenges originating from the multitude of disciplines, data sources, outcome measures, and methodological and analytical problems. RESULTS: About 100 different determinants of RTW outcomes were identified. Their impact varies across different phases of the disablement process. Recommendations are provided for addressing five selected research challenges. CONCLUSION: Interdisciplinary research needs to develop a comprehensive conceptual framework. Priority should be given to studies on specific domains of risk factors meeting five selection criteria: amenability to change; relevance to users of research; generalizability across health conditions, disability phases, and settings; "degree of promise" as derived from qualitative exploratory studies; and capacity to improve measurement instruments. Combining qualitative and quantitative research methods is necessary to bridge existing knowledge gaps.