加拿大问题赌博指数中文版的效度和信度

目的:评估加拿大问题赌博指数中文版(CPGI-C)的效度和信度。方法:选取43例匿名戒赌会成员和202例正常成人为研究对象,将其随机分为两半,分别进行探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析;以赌博相关认知量表(GRCS-C)、Barratt冲动性人格问卷(BIS-11)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、网络成瘾量表修订版(CIAS-R)和DSM-IV多重反应问卷(DSM-IV-MR)作为效标工具;以受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)评估量表区分问题赌博者的特异度与灵敏度。2周后有5例匿名戒赌会成员和31例正常成人完成重测。结果:CPGI-C的问题赌博指数(PGSI)分量表共9个条目,探索性因子分析得出1个主成分因子,可解释总方差的74.3%;验证性因子分析显示,单因子结构模型的拟合指标良好(χ~2=2.087,CFI=0.926,TLI=0.963,GFI=0.926,IFI=0.978,NFI=0.958, RMSEA=0.094,SRMR=0.032);CPGI总分与各效标量表的总分均呈正相关(r=0.48～0.82,均P<0.001);ROC曲线下面积为0.962,划界分为9.5。CPGI-C的...     

Construct validity of the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10)

Abstract

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the construct validity of the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) by determining its dimensionality, rating scale integrity, item-person match, precision and relationship with the degree of airway invasion and functional oral intake.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients’ EAT-10 scores. We used the Rasch rating scale model. We investigated correlations between the EAT-10 and scores on the Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS) and Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS).

Results: The median score of the EAT-10 from 127 patients was 16 of 40 (range 0–40). Confirmatory factor analysis supported unidimensionality. The 5-point rating scale categories met published criteria. Two items misfit the Rasch model and two other items displayed differential item functioning. Rasch person reliability was 0.79. Our patient cohort was divided into three person-strata. Correlations between the EAT-10 and the PAS and FOIS were weak to moderate in strength (respectively: r?=?0.26, p?=?0.0036; r?=??0.27, p?=?0.0027).

Conclusions: Our analyses identified deficits in the construct validity of the EAT-10 suggestive of a need to improve the EAT-10 to support its frequent use in clinical practice and research.

• Implications for Rehabilitation

• Swallowing disorders are associated with severe complications, such as pneumonia and malnutrition, and impose both social and psychological burdens on patients.

• The Eating Assessment Tool is a self-report instrument developed to estimate initial dysphagia severity and monitor change in patient-reported dysphagia symptoms as a response to treatment.

• This study shows that the Eating Assessment Tool has deficits in its construct validity and a need to improve the instrument to support its frequent use in clinical practice and research.

     

Late-onset stress symptomatology (LOSS) scale – short form: development and validation

Objectives: Late-onset stress symptomatology (LOSS) is a phenomenon observed in older combat veterans who experience increased combat-related thoughts, feelings, and reminiscences corresponding with the changes and challenges of aging. Previously, we developed the LOSS Scale to assess LOSS. This paper describes the development and validation of a LOSS Scale short form (LOSS-SF) to screen veterans in various settings who may be actively re-examining their past wartime experiences.

Method: Three studies examined the reliability and validity of the LOSS-SF in separate samples of male combat veterans age 55 and older (total N = 346). Veterans were administered measures via telephone and mail survey. Correlation and regression analyses examined the reliability and validity of the LOSS-SF.

Results: The LOSS-SF exhibited strong internal consistency (alpha = .93), test-retest reliability (2 week interval on average; r = .88), and good concurrent validity with the LOSS Scale (r = .81). Convergent and divergent validity were supported by the pattern of correlations between the LOSS-SF and other construct measures.

Conclusion: The LOSS-SF is a reliable and valid measure to quickly assess thoughts, feelings, and reminiscences about past combat experiences in older veterans and identify those veterans in distress who may benefit from psychological interventions..     

Reliability of the fluctuations within the stride time series measured in runners during treadmill running to exhaustion

BackgroundThe fluctuations within stride time series (i.e., stride time variability and complexity) during running exhibit long-range correlation. Detecting the breakdown of the long-range correlation was proposed for monitoring the occurrence of running-related injuries during running. However, the stride time fluctuations were only measured from the unilateral side. In addition, the reliability of the stride time fluctuations of within-subject repeated measures remains largely unknown, particularly during exhaustive running.PurposesThis study investigated between-side and between-day reliabilities of the stride time variability and complexity of right and left sides during an exhaustive running.MethodsThe stride time variability and complexity of bilateral sides were obtained while 24 healthy participants performed a 31-minute treadmill running at their individual anaerobic threshold speed. Seven of the 24 participants performed the treadmill running test twice at two different days 5–7 days apart. Limits of agreement (LoA) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were respectively used to assess the absolute and relative between-side and between-day reliabilities.ResultsThe stride time variability and complexity of right and left sides were highly symmetrical (LoA: (-0.500%, 0.459%) and (-0.052, 0.051), respectively; ICC: 0.94 (0.87, 0.97) and 0.98 (0.95, 0.99), respectively). The overall stride time variability and complexity revealed good between-day reliability (LoA: (-1.044%, 0.724%) and (-0.067, 0.115), respectively; ICC: 0.78 (0.45, 0.92) and 0.81 (0.48, 0.93), respectively). However, the segmented stride time complexity showed poor between-day reliability (ICCs<0.40).ConclusionThe findings demonstrated that the stride time series showed equivalent fluctuations between right and left sides and good between-day reliability in fluctuations during exhaustive running. Given the poor between-day reliability in the segmented stride time series, stride time series during exhaustive running could be collected from either right or left side and should be processed as an overall in the future.