Cardioprotective effects of sinomenine in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in a rat model

BackgroundIschemia reperfusion (I/R) play an imperative role in the expansion of cardiovascular disease. Sinomenine (SM) has been exhibited to possess antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and anticarcinogenic properties. The aim of the study was scrutinized the cardioprotective effect of SM against I/R injury in rat.MethodsRat were randomly divided into normal control (NC), I/R control and I/R + SM (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg), respectively. Ventricular arrhythmias, body weight and heart weight were estimated. Antioxidant, inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory mediators and plasmin system indicator were accessed.ResultsPre-treated SM group rats exhibited the reduction in the duration and incidence of ventricular fibrillation, ventricular ectopic beat (VEB) and ventricular tachycardia along with suppression of arrhythmia score during the ischemia (30 and 120 min). SM treated rats significantly (P < 0.001) altered the level of antioxidant parameters. SM treatment significantly (P < 0.001) repressed the level of creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), creatine kinase (CK) and troponin I (Tnl). SM treated rats significantly (P < 0.001) repressed the tissue factor (TF), thromboxane B2 (TXB2), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) and plasma fibrinogen (Fbg) and inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators.ConclusionOur result clearly indicated that SM plays anti-arrhythmia effect in I/R injury in the rats via alteration of oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction.     

异牡荆素对非小细胞性肺癌细胞自我更新和凋亡的影响

目的研究异牡荆素(ISO)对非小细胞性肺癌(NSCLC)细胞的影响和潜在的机制。方法将A549和H1650细胞分别分为空白组、低剂量实验组(4μmol·L^-1 ISO)和高剂量实验组(16μmol·L^-1 ISO)。用噻唑蓝法检测NSCLC细胞活性,用肿瘤球形成实验检测NSCLC细胞的细胞球形成率,用Western blot法检测NSCLC细胞凋亡、自我更新、无翅型MMTV整合位点家族/β-连环蛋白(Wnt/β-catenin)信号通路相关蛋白的表达水平。结果与空白组比较,低、高剂量实验组中A549和H1650细胞在24,48和72 h的细胞活性均显著降低。低、高剂量实验组和空白组中A549细胞的细胞球形成率分别为(4.18±0.45)%,(2.01±0.67)%和(6.02±0.57)%,切割的半胱氨酸蛋白酶-3相对表达量分别为0.24±0.08,1.25±0.13和0.06±0.07,SRY相关高迁移率族盒蛋白-2相对表达量分别为0.49±0.04,0.25±0.03和1.00±0.09,Kruppel样因子4相对表达量分别为0.68±0.04,0.44±0.03和1.01±0.06,Wnt1相对表达量分别为0.63±0.06,0.28±0.04和1.00±0.06,β-catenin相对表达量分别为0.41±0.05,0.22±0.03和1.01±0.09;与空白组比较,低、高剂量实验组中A549细胞的上述指标的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。上述3组中H1650细胞的上述指标也呈现一致的现象。结论ISO可能通过抑制Wnt/β-catenin信号通路来抑制NSCLC细胞活性和自我更新,并促进其凋亡。     

Performance of EAST in diagnosing inhalant allergens in children with allergic rhinitis

The performance of enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (EAST) for identifying six indoor allergens was evaluated using skin prick test (SPT) as reference tests in 154 children with allergic rhinitis. Sensitivity of EAST ranged from 9% (cat) to 54% (HDM) with specificity of 74%(cockroach) to 100% (cat) with an agreement ranged from 58 to 86%. Cut off values ?> ?0.35 kU/L showed best sensitivity and specificity. Our findings agree with extant literature which suggests that the ability of EAST to determine the precipitating allergen is moderate. Assays for definitively identifying the inhalant allergen are currently not available.     

Cytokine and LL-37 gene expression levels in Bartonella spp. seropositive and seronegative patients of a rheumatology clinic

PurposeThe variation in the immune response to Bartonella spp. infection in humans remains unclear. The present study compares the expression of selected interleukins, cytokines and cathelicidin (LL-37) in rheumatology clinic patients suffering from musculoskeletal symptoms with healthy blood donors. The patients had previously been tested for the presence of Bartonella henselae antibodies.MethodsGene expression of LL-37, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-12, interferon-(IFN)-γ, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α)-α was determined in blood samples using quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR). Statistical analysis was prepared with STATISTICA.ResultsStatistically significant differences in the mRNA levels of the tested cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-12; p<0.0001) were observed between the healthy controls and patients; however, no difference was observed for LL37 mRNA (p ?= ?0.1974). No significant differences in mRNA expression were observed between IgG in anti-Bartonella seropositive and seronegative individuals (p>0.05). The only significant differences between the Bartonella spp. DNA positive and negative patients, indicated by PCR, were observed for TNF-α and IL-12 mRNA (p ?= ?0.0045 and p ?= ?0.0255, respectively).ConclusionA broadly similar immune response to the tested cytokines was observed among the participants irrespective of anti-Bartonella spp. IgG seropositivity. However, the Bartonella DNA-positive participants demonstrated significantly lower expression of IL-12 and TNF-α mRNA; this may indicate that these bacteria have a suppressive influence on the immune system.     

Silencing KLF16 inhibits oral squamous cell carcinoma cell proliferation by arresting the cell cycle and inducing apoptosis

Krüppel-like factor 16 (KLF16), a member of the Krüppel-like factor (KLF) family, has been extensively investigated in multiple cancer types. However, the role of KLF16 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unknown. Thus, we conducted this study to investigate its related mechanism. KLF16 expression in OSCC cell lines was quantified by western blotting. Then, OECM1 and OC3 cells were divided into Blank, siCtrl, siKLF16#1 and siKLF16#2 groups. Subsequently, cell proliferation was detected using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays, cell migration and invasion were detected with wound healing and Transwell assays, and cell cycle distribution and cell apoptosis were detected via flow cytometry. KLF16, p21, CDK4, Cyclin D1 and p-Rb expression was detected by western blotting. Finally, xenograft models were established in nude mice to observe the in vivo effects of KLF16 on OSCC. KLF16 protein expression was upregulated in OSCC cells. Compared to the cells in the Blank group, the OECM1 and OC3 cells in the siKLF16#1 group and siKLF16#2 group exhibited a sharp decrease in proliferation but a remarkable increase in apoptosis. Moreover, the proportion of cells in the G0/G1 phase notably increased and that in the S phase decreased, with evident decreases in cell invasion and migration. Moreover, KLF16, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), Cyclin D1 and p-Rb protein expression was upregulated, but p21 expression was downregulated. The mice in the siKLF16#1 and siKLF16#2 xenograft model groups exhibited slower tumour growth and smaller tumours with evident downregulation of Ki67 expression compared to the mice in the Blank group. KLF16 expression was upregulated in OSCC cells, and interfering with KLF16 led to cell cycle arrest, inhibited OSCC cell growth and promoted cell apoptosis.     

脑出血继发损伤中沉默信息调节因子2的表达和炎症反应*

目的：探讨脑出血对酵母沉默信息调节因子2（Sirt2）和炎症的影响。方法：将胶原酶Ⅳ注入SD大鼠右侧 纹状体中建立脑出血模型，通过免疫印迹和ELISA 等方法测定大鼠脑出血后48 h 的Sirt2 的表达及炎症变化。利 用Hemin 诱导PC12 细胞损伤模拟体外脑出血模型，并检测Sirt2 及炎症变化；采用短发夹RNA（shRNA）-Sirt2 沉 默Sirt2 在PC12 细胞中的表达及对炎症的影响。结果：手术后48 h 脑出血行为学评分最低。脑出血组Sirt2 的表达 显著高于假手术组。脑出血组IL-6、IL-1β 表达显著升高。结论：脑出血可以促进Sirt2 的表达和炎症反应，降低 Sirt2 的表达可减缓炎症反应。 关键词 脑出血；沉默信息调节     

NRP-1单克隆抗体对乳腺癌裸鼠移植瘤生长的影响

 目的 探讨NRP-1单克隆抗体（NRP-1 MAb）的特异性，以及不同剂量的NRP-1 MAb治疗乳腺癌裸鼠移植瘤的疗效。方法 Western blot和共聚焦免疫荧光法检测NRP-1 MAb是否识别MCF7细胞上NRP-1蛋白。将MCF7细胞接种于BALB/c裸鼠皮下建立乳腺癌细胞移植瘤模型，并进行瘤组织传代。传代的肿瘤体积生长至300~500 mm3时，随机分为对照组、NRP-1 MAb低剂量组、中剂量组和高剂量组，每组6只，给药7次。观察荷瘤裸鼠一般状况，测量瘤体大小及裸鼠体重。实验结束时剥离瘤体称重，提取组织蛋白，Western blot检测组织中VEGF蛋白和NRP-1蛋白的表达量。结果 NRP-1MAb成功识别MCF7细胞上的NRP-1蛋白；NRP-1 MAb能够有效抑制MCF7细胞裸鼠移植瘤的生长，低剂量组（1 mg/kg）抑瘤率为47.01%，中剂量组（5 mg/kg）抑瘤率为65.70%，高剂量组（10 mg/kg）抑瘤率为69.19%。。结论 NRP-1 MAb能够识别并有效结合MCF7细胞膜上的NRP-1蛋白，且可抑制MCF7细胞移植瘤的生长，NRP-1 MAb抑制移植瘤的增长可能与下调NRP-1和VEGF表达有关。     

Role of Biomarkers in Prediction of Response to Therapeutics in Metastatic Renal-Cell Carcinoma

Renal-cell carcinoma remains one of the elusive cancers that lacks a biomarker. It is the eighth most commonly diagnosed malignancy in the United States, and the incidence has slowly trended upward. In addition to the increase in newly diagnosed cases, the prevalence and overall survival of individuals with kidney cancer also has increased substantially. This formal review synopsizes the literature regarding the current treatment landscape, the utility of biomarkers in renal-cell carcinoma, and future directions regarding next-generation sequencing of circulating tumor DNA.     

黄芪多糖对人鼻咽癌CNE-1细胞的放疗增敏及上皮间质转化的作用

目的:采用黄芪多糖(APS)与放射治疗(IR)联用,研究APS对人鼻咽癌CNE-1细胞的放疗敏感性及上皮间质转化(EMT)的作用机制。方法:采用细胞计数(CCK-8)法检测不同质量浓度APS(0,6.25,12.5,25,50,100,200 g·L-1)对CNE-1细胞的细胞毒性;克隆形成实验计算12.5 g·L-1APS与不同放射剂量(0,2,4,6 Gy)联用后对CNE-1细胞的存活分数(SF),利用线性二次方程数学模型(LQ)根据SF值绘制放射敏感曲线;细胞划痕和transwell小室实验分别检测各组细胞的迁移和侵袭能力;流式细胞仪检测各组细胞的凋亡情况;蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测各组细胞的EMT标记物、凋亡标记物以及蛋白激酶B/细胞外调节蛋白激酶(Akt/ERK)通路蛋白的表达水平。结果:克隆形成实验和放射敏感曲线结果表明,非毒性剂量12.5 g·L-1APS与4 Gy放射剂量联合给药可以明显增加CNE-1细胞的放疗敏感性;与空白组及IR组比较,APS与IR联用可以抑制CNE-1细胞的迁移和侵袭能力(P0.05),明显增加CNE-1细胞的凋亡率(P0.05)。与空白组及IR组比较,APS与IR联用可以显著下调间质型钙黏蛋白(N-cadherin),p-Akt和p-ERK蛋白表达水平,明显上调上皮型钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin),B淋巴细胞瘤-2相关X蛋白(Bax)和半胱天冬氨酸蛋白酶-3(Caspase-3)蛋白表达水平(P0.05)。结论:APS与IR联用可以抑制CNE-1细胞的迁移和侵袭,增加放疗引起的细胞凋亡,其可能通过抑制EMT和Akt/ERK通路有关。     

七氟烷预处理对大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞在缺氧复氧环境下的作用和机制初探

目的:研究七氟烷预处理对大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞（MSCs）在缺氧复氧环境下的作用和机制初探。方法:分离培养SD大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞，通过流式细胞仪和诱导分化培养鉴定其免疫表型和分化潜能。细胞随机分为3组:组1空白对照组；组2缺氧复氧组（缺氧24 h，复氧24 h）；组3七氟烷预处理组（2%七氟烷预处理2 h后，缺氧24 h，复氧24 h）。处理后收集各组细胞，用流式细胞仪测定其凋亡率，线粒体膜电位变化及细胞周期。Western blot测定细胞外调节蛋白激酶（ERK）的蛋白表达。结果:与组2相比，组3 MSCs凋亡率明显下降，处于S期细胞增多，细胞增殖能力增强。Western blot结果显示:与组2相比，组3磷酸化ERK蛋白表达上升。结论:七氟烷预处理能提高缺氧复氧环境下骨髓间充质干细胞存活率，降低MSCs凋亡数量，并能增强MSCs的增殖能力，这一机制与七氟烷促进MSCs细胞p-ERK蛋白表达相关。