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Alicia C. McDonald PhD MPH Jeremy Gernand PhD Nathaniel R. Geyer DrPH Hongke Wu MD MPH Yanxu Yang MPH Ming Wang PhD 《Cancer》2022,128(9):1832-1839
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目的 探讨深圳市龙岗区主要大气污染物(SO2、NO2、PM10与PM2.5)与医院呼吸系统疾病门诊量的关系。 方法 收集2013年1月1日-2015年12月31日深圳市龙岗区2家公立医院呼吸系统疾病逐日门诊量资料,深圳市龙岗区逐日大气污染物浓度及逐日气象资料分别来自深圳市环境监测站及气象局,运用时间序列分析广义相加模型对大气污染物日均浓度与呼吸系统疾病门诊量的关系及滞后效应进行分析。 结果 深圳市龙岗区2013-2015年SO2 、NO2 、PM10 与PM2.5浓度中位数分别为8.08、38.08、46.05 μg/m3及31.04 μg/m3。2家医院三年呼吸系统门诊总量为549 169人次,日门诊量中位数为499人次/d。广义相加模型分析结果表明,除NO2对呼吸系统疾病门诊量影响差异无统计学意义外,其余三种污染物对呼吸系统疾病门诊量影响均存在滞后效应,污染物每升高10 μg/m3,滞后2 d时SO2对门诊量影响最强(相对危险度RR为1.030 7,95%CI:1.015 7~1.045 9),滞后3 d时PM10与PM2.5浓度对呼吸系统疾病门诊量影响最强(PM10:RR=1.005 4,95%CI:1.002 8~1.008 0,PM2.5:RR=1.006 0, 95%CI:1.002 7~1.009 4)。 结论 深圳市龙岗区大气SO2、PM10与PM2.5浓度对医院呼吸系统疾病门诊量影响存在滞后效应。 相似文献
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Background
Sewage management is hazardous due to chronic exposure to chemical gases, bioaerosols and micro-organisms through inhalation; accidental oral intake and penetration through skin or mucous membranes through injuries or breech in personal protective equipment. While there has been some research on isolated infections and multisystem symptom profiling of sewage workers, there is little research on the burden of chronic illnesses like Tuberculosis and Non Communicable Diseases (NCDs).Methods
A cross sectional observational study was conducted on chronic comorbidity profile of sewage workers with more than five years of occupational experience and employed in three contiguous districts of NCT of Delhi.Results
The study sample consisted of 104 sewage workers with mean age of 50.71 (±8.43) years, an average of 7.35 (±3.75) years of formal education and an average occupational exposure to sewage work of 21.28 (±10.54) years.21.15% sewage workers had Tuberculosis and 92.31% had at least one of the chronic respiratory diseases (COPD, Asthma or ACOS). 85.6% of participants were smokers. The most common NCD was Hypertension (67.3%) followed by Dyslipidaemia (50%) and Diabetes Mellitus (43.3%). There was clustering of NCDs with 53.85% subjects having three or more chronic disorders. Less than 5% of study participants were free from all the investigated chronic diseases.Conclusion
The sewage workers have an adverse chronic morbidity profile for both Tuberculosis and NCDs. There is an urgent need for epidemiological research and targeted screening and public health intervention for Tuberculosis and other NCDs in sewage workers as an occupational group. 相似文献4.
Chien-Hua Tseng Ben-Jei Tsuang Chun-Ju Chiang Kai-Chen Ku Jeng-Sen Tseng Tsung-Ying Yang Kuo-Hsuan Hsu Kun-Chieh Chen Sung-Liang Yu Wen-Chung Lee Tsang-Wu Liu Chang-Chuan Chan Gee-Chen Chang 《Journal of thoracic oncology》2019,14(5):784-792
Introduction
For never-smokers (smoked <100 lifetime cigarettes), lung cancer (LC) has emerged as an important issue. We aimed to investigate the effects of prevalence changes in tobacco smoking and particulate matter (PM) 2.5 (PM2.5) levels on LC in Taiwan, in relation to contrasting PM2.5 levels, between Northern Taiwan (NT) and Southern Taiwan (ST).Methods
We reviewed 371,084 patients with LC to assess smoking prevalence and correlations between the incidence of adenocarcinoma lung cancer (AdLC) and non-AdLC. Two subsets were selected to assess different AdLC stage trends and the effect of PM2.5 on survival of patients with AdLC.Results
From 1995 to 2015, the proportion of male adult ever-smokers decreased from 59.4% to 29.9% whereas the female smoking rate remained low (3.2% to 5.3%). AdLC incidence in males and females increased from 9.06 to 23.25 and 7.05 to 24.22 per 100,000 population, respectively. Since 1993, atmospheric visibility in NT improved (from 7.6 to 11.5 km), but deteriorated in ST (from 16.3 to 4.2 km). The annual percent change in AdLC stages IB to IV was 0.3% since 2009 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -1.9%–2.6%) in NT, and 4.6% since 2007 (95% CI: 3.3%–5.8%) in ST; 53% patients with LC had never smoked. Five-year survival rates for never-smokers, those with EGFR wild-type genes, and female patients with AdLC were 12.6% in NT and 4.5% in ST (hazard ratio: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.70–0.90).Conclusions
In Taiwan, greater than 50% of patients with LC had never smoked. PM2.5 level changes can affect AdLC incidence and patient survival. 相似文献5.
Brandi L. Martin Leslie C. Thompson Yong Ho Kim Charly King Samantha Snow Mette Schladweiler 《Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A》2020,83(23-24):748-763
ABSTRACT Wildland fires (WF) are linked to adverse health impacts related to poor air quality. The cardiovascular impacts of emissions from specific biomass sources are however unknown. The purpose of this study was to assess the cardiovascular impacts of a single exposure to peat smoke, a key regional WF air pollution source, and relate these to baroreceptor sensitivity and inflammation. Three-month-old male Wistar-Kyoto rats, implanted with radiotelemeters for continuous monitoring of heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), and spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), were exposed once, for 1-hr, to filtered air or low (0.38 mg/m3 PM) or high (4.04 mg/m3) concentrations of peat smoke. Systemic markers of inflammation and sensitivity to aconitine-induced cardiac arrhythmias, a measure of latent myocardial vulnerability, were assessed in separate cohorts of rats 24 hr after exposure. PM size (low peat = 0.4–0.5 microns vs. high peat = 0.8–1.2 microns) and proportion of organic carbon (low peat = 77% vs. high peat = 65%) varied with exposure level. Exposure to high peat and to a lesser extent low peat increased systolic and diastolic BP relative to filtered air. In contrast, only exposure to low peat elevated BRS and aconitine-induced arrhythmogenesis relative to filtered air and increased circulating levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, complement components C3 and C4, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), and white blood cells. Taken together, exposure to peat smoke produced overt and latent cardiovascular consequences that were likely influenced by physicochemical characteristics of the smoke and associated adaptive homeostatic mechanisms. 相似文献
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Martina A. Steurer Jean Costello Rebecca J. Baer Scott P. Oltman Sky K. Feuer Tania Pacheco-Werner Elizabeth Rogers Marta M. Jankowska Jessica Block Molly McCarthy Matthew S. Pantell Christina Chambers Kelli K. Ryckman Laura L. Jelliffe-Pawlowski 《Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology》2020,34(2):130-138