A nationwide post-marketing survey of knowledge,attitude and practice toward human papillomavirus vaccine in general population: Implications for vaccine roll-out in mainland China

BackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine has been increasingly discussed in mainland China since its first approval in 2016. To date, nearly all studies assessing HPV vaccine perceptions and attitudes were implemented during pre-licensure period. Therefore, the nationwide post-marketing survey was conducted to update knowledge, attitudes and practice on HPV vaccine among general population in mainland China.MethodsParticipants aged 18–45 years living in mainland China were recruited in April 2019 by multi-stage non-randomized sampling. Sociodemographic factors, HPV and HPV vaccine related awareness, knowledge, attitudes, vaccine uptake and potential obstacles were assessed in questionnaires. Bivariate analysis and multivariate regression were used to identify disparity among subgroups with different sociodemographic characteristics.Results4,000 women (32.1 ± 7.81y) and 1,000 men (31.8 ± 7.96y) were included in final analysis. Less than one third of participants had heard of HPV (female: 31%; male: 22%) and HPV vaccine (female: 34%; male: 23%). Knowledge score was also unfavorable on HPV (female: 3 out of 13; male: 1.8 out of 13) and HPV vaccine (female: 3 out of 6; male: 2 out of 5). Only 3% females had been vaccinated three years after HPV licensure in China, although willingness to get vaccinated among those unvaccinated were high (mean willingness score ± SD: female: 3.3 ± 0.97; male: 3.0 ± 0.98). Industry of employment and household income were the major factors related to awareness and knowledge of vaccine, whereas HPV and HPV vaccine awareness were key influential factors for willingness. The main obstacles of vaccination were safety concerns, lack of knowledge, and high price of HPV vaccines.ConclusionsFindings highlight a lack of vaccine awareness, knowledge, and poor uptake in mainland China and underscore the necessity of health education campaigns. The identified priority groups, contents to be delivered and practical obstacles could furthermore provide insight into health education to reduce disparities and accelerate HPV vaccine roll-out in China.     

公立医院医疗技术人员兼职意愿的影响因素分析及对策

随着我国的改革开放和经济的快速发展,居民对医疗保健服务水平和质量提出了越来越高的要求,技术力量较薄弱的基层医疗机构、民营医院和诊所纷纷聘请公立医院的技术人员有偿兼职,愿意从事业余院外兼职的医疗技术人员除以增加收入为目的外,也较注重实现个人的价值.医疗技术人员从事业余兼职服务有利于医疗人力资源的充分利用,但也会带来许多问题,故应对这一行为进行规范化管理,兴利除弊.     

城镇居民基本医疗保险未成年人缴费测算方法与理论研究

未成年人的医疗保障是我国当前城镇居民基本医疗保险中的重要内容之一,但当前关于未成年人医疗保险缴费标准和筹资水平的研究还较少。本文通过比较与分析未成年人基本医疗消费支出、医疗保险基金补偿支出、医疗保险支付意愿等,对未成年人基本医疗保险缴费的相关理论进行归纳总结,为提高城镇居民医疗保险中的未成年人的保障提供参考和借鉴。     

Mit Kiffen aufhören. Die Bereitschaft zur Verhaltensänderung bei Cannabisgebrauchenden in der Schweiz

Summary Quitting hash. The readiness for behaviour change among cannabis users in Switzerland. Objectives: The study aims to identify factors that are associated with the willingness of adolescents and young adults to modify their cannabis use. It is hypothesized that frequency of use, cannabis-related problems and age of onset are associated with their willingness to change. Methods: In 2004, a survey on cannabis use was conducted among 13 to 29 year-olds living in Switzerland. Of the 5025 participants 593 had taken cannabis during the past six months. They were then asked about their willingness to change. Three groups of users were compared: those not willing to change, those considering change, and those determined to change. Pearson Chi-square-tests and logistic regressions were performed to test the hypotheses. Results: Experience of problems motivates users to start thinking about changing their behavior. Frequent use and early onset are associated with young people not making the transition from considering changing behavior to resolving to do so. Conclusions: The need to perceive problematic use as a first step towards change and the inhibiting effect of dependencerelated factors on the transition from consideration to determination calls for tailored intervention approaches that are matched to the willingness to change. Eingereicht: 10. Dezember 2005; überarbeitet: 13. September 2006; Angenommen: 6. M?rz 2007     

结直肠癌及其筛查认知情况、筛查意愿与文化程度相关性的调查分析

目的了解门诊患者对结直肠癌及其筛查认知程度和筛查意愿,为提高结直肠癌筛查率提供依据。方法向广州地区某家综合性医院门诊患者随机发放自制问卷,对其结直肠癌的认知程度及筛查意愿和相关影响因素进行调查。结果共216例门诊患者纳入研究,其中高学历组（高中、中专及以上学历）96例（44.4%）,低学历组（初中及以下学历）120例（55.5%）。对结直肠癌认知程度高学历组是低学历组的1.8倍（83.3%vs46.7%,P〈0.01）。比起高学历组,低学历组患者对结直肠癌相关筛查手段、大便潜血检查、肠镜更缺乏认识（均P〈0.05）。晚期发现结直肠癌预后差、早发现则生存概率高的问题上,高学历组比低学历组患者更认同（75.0%vs40.0%,P〈0.01）。如果得到医师推荐,高学历组比低学历患者更愿意接受大便潜血检查（79.2%vs66.7%,P〈0.05）。结论门诊患者对结直肠癌及其筛查认知程度偏低,其中低学历患者对结直肠癌的认识尤为不足。在结直肠癌筛查的相关宣传中,要侧重对低学历患者的宣教。     

珠海市高血压糖尿病患者双向转诊意愿及影响因素分析

目的 了解高血压、糖尿病患者双向转诊意愿情况,探讨患者双向转诊意愿的影响因素.方法 通过自行设计调查问卷,采用多阶段抽样方法进行抽样,收集968名两病患者双向转诊意愿有关资料.采用描述性分析了解患者基本情况、签约状况、患者对制度政策知晓等情况,采用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨两病患者双向转诊意愿的影响因素.结果 ...     

A preliminary study on the effect of pharmacist counseling on awareness of and willingness to quit smoking in Malaysian population

Objectives This paper presents an outcome of pharmacist counseling among Malaysian smokers for their awareness of and willingness to quit smoking. Method It was a cross-sectional study during a 3-day public health campaign at a shopping complex. Each self-referred participant was asked to complete a questionnaire apart from the question regarding improvement, and if any in their awareness and willingness to quit smoking, were asked to respond after counseling. Pharmacists counseled each participant about smoking cessation strategies and smoking related diseases. The data were analyzed by χ ² test. Results Among respondents, 25.5% had been smoking for more than 10 years, 31% for 5–10 years, 25.4% for 2–5 years and 18.3% for 1–2 years. The participants declaring no awareness about smoking were 22.9%, with little awareness 44.3%, having moderate awareness 25.7% and with considerable awareness were 7.1%. After counseling, 4.1% revealed unawareness, 17.8% little awareness, 43.8% moderate and 34.2% had considerable awareness on the above aspects. The post counseling awareness on smoking was observed to be significantly higher (P< 0.01). Among smokers studied, 67% showed willingness to quit smoking. Conclusion Increase in awareness of and willingness to quit smoking reflects that pharmacist counseling seems to be helpful in cessation of smoking.     

大邑县农民对新型合作医疗的参保能力研究

目的：研究农民对新型合作医疗制度的参保意愿和参保能力，以及影响参保能力的主要因素。方法：通过对四川省大邑县三个乡的89户农民进行入户调查，应用多元线性回归进行分析。结果：92.1％的农民表示愿意参加新型合作医疗．但对合作医疗的参保能力平均为24．49元，占年人均收入不到2％，占年人均医疗费用负担的比例都较低。影响农民参保能力的因素主要是经济方面的因素，包括年人均总收入、全家累计存款和欠款、年人均门诊花费：针对这些因素，采取相应的措施，是能够提高农民的参保能力的。     

Willingness to pay for dental fear treatment

The aim of this paper is to discuss the social desirability of supplying dental fear treatment in addition to dental treatment using the results from a treatment programme for patients with severe dental fear. The programme consisted of three different dental fear treatments: Cognitive therapy, applied relaxation and nitrous oxide sedation, in addition to dental treatment. To evaluate the effects of uncertainty on the patients' benefits from the programme, we elicited their willingness to pay, both before and after receiving treatment, since we expected patients to be uncertain about the outcome of the dental fear treatment. We found that the social desirability of the treatment was very sensitive to uncertainty. While only 24% of the patients were willing to pay the actual cost of the treatment before attending, 71% were willing to pay afterwards. This implies that many patients who would benefit from the treatment ex post are not willing to pay the cost of the treatment ex ante, and will thus not receive any treatment unless it is subsidized.