Implementing Substance Use Screening in Family Planning

Although substance use has negative health effects on women, especially during the reproductive years, family planning practices in which nurse practitioners are key care providers, generally do not adequately screen and intervene for alcohol and drugs. Screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) can limit the effects of substance use on women and families. This study explored barriers and facilitators to SBIRT through qualitative analysis of focus groups with family planning providers. Results suggest family planning providers are favorable to implementation. Barriers include training and organizational support; facilitators include use of electronic health records and setting patient expectations.     

Provider communication with adolescent and young females during sexual and reproductive health visits: findings from the 2011–2015 National Survey of Family Growth

Objective

This study assesses provider communication with adolescent and young women about birth control, emergency contraception and condoms during sexual and reproductive health visits.

Do buffered local anesthetics provide more successful anesthesia than nonbuffered solutions in patients with pulpally involved teeth requiring dental therapy?: A systematic review

Background

The authors conducted a systematic review that addresses the following population, intervention, comparison, outcome question: “In adults requiring dental therapy with pulpally involved teeth, what is the comparative efficacy of buffered local anesthetics (LAs) compared with that of nonbuffered LAs in achieving anesthetic success?”

2011年天津市疾病预防控制机构人力资源现况调查

目的了解天津市疾病预防控制（以下简称疾控）机构人力资源的现况,为人力资源的合理配置提供参考依据。方法收集2011年天津市、区县两级19家疾控中心人力资源的资料,采用Excel2003进行汇总,运用SPSS15．0对数据资料进行描述分析。结果全市疾控机构25—34岁人员比例占36．92％,35岁及以上人员比例占61．43％;研究生占8．49％,大学占45．90％;医学相关专业人数占38．08％,其中区县疾控人员为35．90％;市级疾控中心中高级职称人员占55．11％,区县级疾控中心中高级比例为占34．89％;市级疾控人员中专业技术人员比例为85．51％,区县级疾控人员中专业技术人员比例为74．30％。结论该市疾控机构人力资源配置不足,存在大量非专业人员,职称比例结构亟待调整,需进一步完善专业人员比例。     

Hospital Boarder Babies and Their Families

Data were abstracted from the medical and social work charts of 20 newborns who were classified as boarder babies nd their mothers (n = 18) to identify biopsychosocial factors associated with boarding. The findings show that the mothers whose newborns remained in the hospital as boarders were usually drug users, had other children in out-of-home placement, and over half are periodically homeless. Most of these mothers also lacked informal social support. The major health problems of infants were prematurity and associated infections. The total number of infant boarding days was 195 for a total of $117,000 in unreimbursed costs to the hospital. Practice and program implications and directions for future research are discussed.     

国际著名医学期刊论文题目结构特征分析

目的分析Medline中收录的5种国际著名医学期刊论文题目结构特征,旨在对国内医学论文作者提供借鉴。方法检索与分析Medline中收录的国际5种著名医学期刊论文题目。结果"研究对象、研究方法、研究目的"三要素仍是构成期刊题目重要元素;名词短语是5大期刊论文题目的主要构成成分;句子是NatMed题目的鲜明特征,使用频率近半;大量使用副标题的期刊依次是BMJ、Lancet、JAMA;NEnglJMed的题目平均长度最短,9.92个单词。结论简短、信息量充足又符合各刊写作风格的文题拟定对稿件的投稿、同行评议、检索和被阅读次数具有影响。     

文化视角下中医古籍书名的英译

本文分析了中医古籍书名的文化特点及其对英译的影响,以文化移植、文化注释、文化阐释、文化替代几种英译技巧为基础,结合实例,探讨了其在英译文化内涵丰富的中医古籍书名中的应用,并总结了中医古籍书名翻译的原则.     

《枕藏外科》书名、作者、成书年代及研究现状

根据《枕藏外科》在流传过程中产生的多个书名和各版本的内容,将书名确定为《枕藏外科》,认为其作者待考,成书年代为明朝中后期至清朝前期,而明末清初的可能性更大,并概述了对该书的现有研究、整理情况.     

Accessibility of Family Planning Services: Impact of Structural and Organizational Factors

Objectives: This study sought to determine whether selected structural and organizational characteristics of publicly available family planning facilities are associated with greater availability. Methods: A survey was sent to 726 publicly available family planning facilities in four states. These included local health departments, federally qualified health centers (FQHC), Planned Parenthood sites, hospital outpatient departments, and freestanding women’s health centers. Usable responses were obtained from 526 sites for a response rate of 72.5%. Availability variables included the provision of primary care services; the contraceptives offered; professional staffing; scheduling, waiting time, and transportation; and cultural congruence and competency. The structural and organizational variables were state, type of organization, and funding source. Results: Some states were more likely to offer emergency contraception while others were more likely to have weekend hours. FQHCs were most likely to provide primary care and Planned Parenthood sites most likely to offer emergency contraception. Title X funding was associated with increased likelihood of providing emergency contraception and staffing by midlevel practitioners and registered nurses. Conclusions: This study found that availability varied by structural and organizational variables, many of which are determined by federal and state policies. Revising some of these policies might increase utilization of family planning facilities.