Acceptance of multiple injectable vaccines in a single immunization visit in The Gambia pre and post introduction of inactivated polio vaccine

BackgroundAs the World Health Organization (WHO) currently recommends that children be protected against 11 different pathogens, it is becoming increasingly necessary to administer multiple injectable vaccines during a single immunization visit. In this study we assess Gambian healthcare providers’ and infant caregivers’ attitudes and practices related to the administration of multiple injectable vaccines to a child at a single immunization visit before and after the 2015 introduction of inactivated polio vaccine (IPV). IPV introduction increased the number of injectable vaccines recommended for the 4-month immunization visit from two to three in The Gambia.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey before and after the introduction of IPV at 4 months of age in a representative sample of all health facilities providing immunizations in The Gambia. Healthcare providers who administer vaccines at the selected health facilities and caregivers who brought infants for their 4 month immunization visit were surveyed.FindingsPrior to IPV introduction, 9.9% of healthcare providers and 35.7% of infant caregivers expressed concern about a child receiving more than 2 injections in a single visit. Nevertheless, 98.8% and 90.9% of infants received all required vaccinations for the visit before and after IPV introduction, respectively. The only reason why vaccines were not received was vaccine stock-outs. Infant caregivers generally agreed that vaccinators could be trusted to provide accurate information regarding the number of vaccines that a child needed.ConclusionHealthcare providers and infant caregivers in this resource limited setting accepted an increase in the number of injectable vaccines administered at a single visit even though some expressed concerns about the increase.     

开展电话回访搭建医患沟通桥梁

通过对3 500余人次的有效电话回访,实施健康教育、健康指导3000余人次,受理健康咨询500余人次,协调和化解各类医疗纠纷20余起。电话回访搭起了和谐医患关系的桥梁。     

影响注意缺陷多动障碍患儿就诊因素的分析

目的分析探讨影响注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）患儿延迟就诊的因素。方法采用家庭环境量表（FES-CV）及自编简明就诊因素问卷对68例ADHD患儿的家长进行调查评定，分析影响延迟就诊的相关因素。结果61例患儿完成调查。所有因素经多元线性逐步回归分析，3个自变量差异具有统计学意义，分别为分型（Beta值：-0．449），接触知识（Beta值：0．369），父亲文化（Beta值：-0．268）。结论影响患儿就诊时间延迟的因素有3种情况，其顺序如下：（1）ADHD的注意缺陷型；（2）家长缺乏儿童心理卫重知识；（3）父亲的文化程度低。     

我院基于XML异构数据集成的开发应用及研究

基于XML的数据集成，Web Services中间件能够较容易地实现对各数据源的描述以及数据源之间的数据转换，它在应用程序和数据库之间起着接口的作用．本文结合实际医院信息工作，运用VFP9 COM模型，作了有效性的研究及应用，并对标准数据集的二次开发进行了讨论。结果表明，该方法用于医院跨网络平台、跨应用系统、异构信息集成是有效的和易于操作的。     

外科教学手段和方法改革探究

目的:对外科教学手段和方法进行改革探究.方法:在外科教学过程中,应用手术直播教学、手术现场参观、病案教学、多媒体教学.结果:通过对外科教学手段和方法改革探究,外科教学质量明显提高.结论:在教学过程中,根据课程与教学目标要求,对教学方法进行优化组合,形成一个可以产生合力的有机结构,最大限度地发挥不同方法的教育价值.     

剖宫产术前访视术后支持的临床研究

目的:探讨术前访视术后支持心理干预在缓解围术期应激反应的作用及对术后恢复的影响。方法:术前手术室护士到床前与产妇交流,自我介绍并交待术前注意事项,术前术后进行矫正认知及松弛训练。结果:通过术前访视的产妇围术期的血压、心率较对照组明显稳定,术后疼痛心理评分6h后明显低于对照组,术后肠蠕动恢复及下地时间方面较对照组明显提前。结论:剖宫产术前访视能减轻产妇围术期应激反应,并能促进产妇术后早日恢复。     

正常产后48h母婴出院联合家庭访视的可行性研究

目的:评价经选择的母婴正常产后48 h出院联合家庭访视的可行性。方法:选择在深圳妇幼保健院正常产并接受产后家庭访视的10 172例产妇和9 297例新生儿为研究A组,同期拆线后出院的正常产产妇5 286例和新生儿4 604例为对照A组,比较两组产妇会阴伤口愈合不良发生率和婴儿再入院率。产后42天对1 000例产妇进行有关母乳喂养和产褥期母婴情况的问卷调查,按照是否曾接受产后访视将调查对象分为研究B组和对照B组,比较两组母乳喂养成功率和产褥期抑郁症的发生率。结果:通过产后家庭访视,平均缩短住院时间(1.76±0.44)天,研究A组产妇会阴伤口愈合不良发生率明显低于对照A组(P<0.05);研究A组婴儿再入院率和对照A组相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究B组母乳喂养成功率明显高于对照组(P<0.05);研究B组产褥期抑郁症的发生率明显低于对照B组(P<0.05)。结论:对于经过选择的低风险产妇和婴儿,正常产后48 h出院联合家庭访视安全、经济、有效。