Epidemiological evidence of increased waist circumference,but not body mass index,associated with impaired baroreflex sensitivity

Although an inverse relationship between body mass index (BMI) and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) was found, the effect of waist circumference (WC) on BRS is still inconclusive. The contradictory results of previous studies may be related to the heterogeneity and relatively small sample size of the subjects examined. The aim of this population-based study was to investigate whether the influence of increased WC is more detrimental to BRS than BMI. A total of 760 community dwellers were recruited and they were classified into Q1 (n = 189), Q2 (n = 183), Q3 (n = 192) and Q4 (n = 196) groups, based on WC quartiles. Spontaneous BRS was determined by spectral α coefficient method. Valsalva ratio was the longest RR interval after release of Valsalva maneuver divided by the shortest RR interval during maneuver. Cardiac autonomic function was calculated by power spectrum of heart rate in low and high frequency (LF, 0.04–0.15 Hz; HF, 0.15–0.40 Hz), and LF/HF ratio in supine position for five minutes. There were significant differences in spontaneous BRS and Valsalva ratio among different WC groups. In multivariate analysis, obesity was inversely associated with spontaneous BRS and Valsalva ratio. However, these inverse relationships became insignificant after further adjustment for WC quartiles. In contrast, Q4 vs. Q1, Q3 vs. Q1 and Q2 vs. Q1 of WC were inversely related to spontaneous BRS. Q4 vs. Q1 and Q3 vs. Q1 of WC were negatively associated with the Valsalva ratio. In conclusion, increased and even high-normal WC had a stronger adverse effect on BRS than BMI, independent of cardio-metabolic risk factors.     

稽留流产孕早期预测模型的构建与验证

目的构建稽留流产(missed abortion,MA)患者在孕早期流产危险因素列线图。方法纳入2017年2月至2019年10月因稽留流产于中国建筑第二工程局职工医院治疗的孕妇125例为研究组,随机纳入同时期正常孕妇126例为对照组,分析两组患者临床基本资料:年龄、环境因素、动物接触史、叶酸使用、文化程度、流产情况、疾病史、激素水平等。采用Logistic回归分析对孕早期发生稽留流产的危险因素进行分析,应用R软件建立孕早期稽留流产预测列线图,并进行验证。结果研究组孕妇年龄、睾酮(testosterone,T)水平高于对照组,而催乳素(prolactin,PRL)、雌二醇(estradiol,E2)、孕酮(progesterone,P)水平低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析提示孕妇年龄(OR=1.809,P=0.003)、吸烟饮酒(OR=78.120、P=0.044)、职业暴露(OR=61.238,P=0.021)、T水平(OR=5.432,P=0.001)是孕早期发生MA的危险因素。PRL(OR=0.376,P=0.003)、E2(OR=0.258,P=0.016)、P(OR=0.396,P=0.005)是孕早期发生MA的保护因素。预测孕早期MA发生的相关危险因素的C-index为0.912(95%CI:0.874-0.943)。结论列线图中孕妇年龄、环境因素、激素水平能较准确的预测孕早期发生MA的风险。     

The quality of spontaneous adverse drug reaction reports from the pharmacovigilance centre in western China

Background: High-quality adverse drug reaction (ADR) reports are essential for conducting drug safety monitoring in pharmacovigilance. The study aim was to assess the current quality of ADR reports in western China, and to identify problems with ADR report quality.

Research design and methods: A sample of 1139 reports received by the Shaanxi ADR Monitoring Center from January 2015 to December 2017 was selected. ADR report quality was evaluated using an ADR report quality evaluation system.

Results: None of the reports were rated as excellent and 1.40% (n = 16) as good. Report quality was better for new and serious reports than for general reports. Medical institutions generated higher quality reports than pharmaceutical manufacturers. Nurses generated higher quality reports than doctors, pharmacists, and other professionals. Reporters of different occupations showed significant differences in the quality of the indicators Reporting time limit, Intervention ADR time, ADR termination time, ADR intervention measures, Original disease, and Cause of medication (P = 0.000).

Conclusions: The ADR data quality was poor in western China, and of lower quality than reported data from previous research in other regions. Improvements in the quality and availability of ADR reports are urgently needed.     

miR-200、 miR -155及血管新生因子与复发性流产的相关性分析

目的 研究miR-200、miR-155及血管新生因子与原因不明复发性流产(unexplained recurrent spontaneousabortion,URSA)的相关性分析。 方法 选择2015年3月—2018年1月在青岛市妇女儿童医院妇产科就诊的URSA患者作为URSA组、要求终止妊娠的正常早孕患者作为对照组,检测绒毛组织中微小RNA(microRNA, miR)miR-200、miR-155、血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)、可溶性FMS样酪氨酸激酶1(soluble FMS like tyrosine kinase-1,sFlt-1)的表达量及血清中VEGF、sFlt-1的含量,对miR-200、miR-155靶向结合VEGF、sFlt-1进行生物信息学分析。 结果 URSA组的绒毛组织中miR-200(1.78±0.32 vs. 0.91±0.15)、sFlt-1(1.87±0.35 vs. 1.06±0.21)的相对表达量及血清中sFlt-1的含量[(12.39±2.31)ng/ml vs. (6.51±0.95)ng/ml]均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。绒毛组织中miR-155相对表达量(0.60±0.10 vs. 0.93±0.16)、VEGF mRNA相对表达量(0.59±0.09 vs. 1.02±0.16)及蛋白表达量(0.62±0.07 vs. 1.04±0.18)、血清中VEGF的含量[(601.25±94.39)ng/ml vs. (935.12±132.47)ng/ml]低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);URSA组患者绒毛组织中miR-200的表达量与血清中VEGF的含量、绒毛组织中VEGF的表达量均呈负相关,绒毛组织中miR-155的表达量与血清中sFlt-1的含量和绒毛组织中sFlt-1的表达量均呈负相关;miR-200、miR-155分别靶向结合VEGF、sFlt-1基因的3’UTR。 结论 miR-200表达增多、miR-155表达减少与URSA发生有关,miR-200靶向VEGF、miR-155靶向sFlt-1是介导该过程的可能机制。     

负压吸宫人流术中出血相关因素分析

目的：术中出血是负压吸宫流产的主要并发症之一。我们通过单因素及多因素分析了影响术中出血的主要因素,探讨减少术中出血的措施。方法：收集我院2005年1—3月门诊行负压吸宫人流术者共94例,测量术中出血量,分析年龄、孕龄、孕次、产次、术前宫深、术后宫深、局部麻醉方式以及手术时间对术中出血量的影响。结果：单因素及多因素分析均表明术前宫深、术后宫深、手术时间、孕龄与术中出血量显著正相关(P= 0．000)。结论：术前宫深、术后宫深、手术时间、孕龄是影响负压吸宫人流术中出血量的重要因素。选择合适的手术时机．术中适当应用催产素以及加快手术速度均有助于减少术中出血。     

自发性气胸的临床特点与治疗对策

目的通过对多种自发性气胸的临床表现采用不同的治疗方法,达到治愈。方法根据不同临床表现及气胸压缩程度采取人工抽气、闭式引流术、胸膜粘连术等检测效果。结论96例病人中治愈90例,说明采用适用的方法可有效地治疗自发性气胸。     

早产患者血清粒细胞集落刺激因子的检测及其意义

目的探讨粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF)与自发性早产的关系及其对预测早产的可能意义。方法采用ELISA-双抗体夹心法分别对28-34周、34-37周不同孕龄组早产妇女及正常妊娠妇女的血清G-CSF进行检测。结果孕28-34周早产妇女血清G-CSF水平较正常对照组妇女升高(P<0.05)。结论高水平的血清G-CSF与妊娠<34周发生的早产有关,检测妊娠妇女血清G-CSF水平对预测妊娠34周之前发生的早产有重要意义。     

92例重型肝炎并发自发性细菌性腹膜炎的诊断与治疗

目的探讨重型肝炎并发自发性细菌性腹膜炎(SBP)的诊断和抗生素使用。方法回顾性分析2002年7月~2005年6月间收治的92例并发SBP的重型肝炎患者的临床资料。结果92例患者中,发热72例(78.26%),腹胀85例(92.39%),腹痛38例(41.30%),反跳痛35例(38.04%),83例(90.21%)外周血中性粒细胞(PMN)分类≥0.75,40例(45.98%)腹水PMN计数≥250个/mm3,79例(90.80%)腹水PMN比值≥0.50,11例(12.00%)腹水细菌培养阳性,共分离出细菌17株,G-杆菌占52.9%(9/17),其对头孢曲松、头孢哌酮、头孢他啶、左旋氧氟沙星及泰能敏感,对丁胺卡那、氧哌嗪青霉素敏感性较低。临床治疗显示,联合使用头孢他啶和甲硝唑效果较好,并较少出现继发真菌感染。结论重型肝炎并发SBP患者的临床表现不典型,腹水培养阳性率低,外周血和腹水PMN比值是诊断SBP比较可靠的参数。治疗SBP,可首选二联使用头孢他啶与甲硝唑,疗程约10~14日。