Prevalence of HIV,Hepatitis B,Syphilis, and Chlamydia Among Adults Seeking Treatment for a Mental Disorder in Southern India

This study estimated the prevalence, and identified the correlates, of HIV, chlamydia, syphilis, and Hepatitis B among patients seeking treatment for a mental disorder in India. Patients (n = 948) submitted a blood sample for serologic testing and participated in a brief interview. Lifetime prevalence rates were nearly 2% for HIV, 10% for chlamydia, 3% for Hepatitis B, and 3% for syphilis; 15% of patients had evidence of at least one infection. Bivariate associations between infection status and patient characteristics, including age, gender, psychiatric diagnosis, did not reveal any consistent risk profile. Instead, behavioral characteristics (i.e., multiple partners, exchanging sex for money, and engagement in anal sex) were associated with infection status. Recommendations for the sexual health care of psychiatric patients in India are provided. SUPPORT: R01-MH54929 and K02-MH01582 from the National Institute of Mental Health.     

尖锐湿疣合并其他性病感染的临床研究

目的:探讨尖锐湿疣的发病与其他性传播疾病的关系。方法:对生殖器部位菜花样赘生物增生或怀疑有人类乳头瘤病毒者行淋球菌、衣原体、支原体、螺旋体、生殖器疱疹病毒及念珠菌、滴虫等病原体的检测。结果:在136例入选病例中,有典型菜花样组织增生者131例。潜伏期(带病毒者)5例。伴梅毒者5例,淋病者18例,衣原体者13例,支原体者21例,念珠菌感染者20例,滴虫者12例,细菌性阴道感染者4例。生殖器疱疹病毒感染者(HSVll)4例,同时合并衣原体、支原体者11例。尖锐湿疣伴发其他性病感染108例,为总病例的79·41%。结论:并发症是促进尖锐湿疣的生长和复发的重要因素。     

Sexual behavior of women with repeated episodes of vulvovaginal candidiasis

One hundred and two women with a history of a median of six episodes of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) and 204 age-matched controls participated in a structured in-depth interview on sexual behavior. Mean and median ages of the two groups were 26.7 and 26 years, respectively. Sexual characteristics, associated with VVC in crude analyses, were adjusted in multifactorial analyses for coital frequency, experience of casual sex, vaginal irritation, smoking, alcohol habits, and having a steady partner. In addition, education, as a measure of socioeconomic status, was added in the multifactorial analyses. VVC was not associated with multiple sexual partners or ever-experience of causal sex. Sexual variables that remained significant or were of borderline significance after adjustment were: age at first intercourse (p=0.001), casual sex partners the previous month (odds ratio (OR)=3.1), sex during menstruation (OR=1.7), regular oral sex (OR=2.4), experience of anal intercourse ever (OR=2.4), oral intercourse the last month (OR=3.1), and frequency of oral intercourse (p=0.02). Thus, the study indicates that certain sexual activities are associated with repeated episodes of VVC.     

昆山市性病门诊就诊妇女性传播疾病感染情况分析

目的了解性病门诊就诊妇女性传播疾病(STD)感染状况.方法对2003年1月1日～12月31日到昆山市疾病预防控制中心门诊部初诊女性患者进行STD感染状况调查,取宫颈分泌物检测解脲支原体(UU)、沙眼衣原体(CT)、淋球菌(NG)等;取阴道分泌物检测念珠菌、阴道毛滴虫及细菌性阴道病,同时采血做梅毒快速血浆反应素试验(RPR).结果 STD的检出率为35.98%,STD构成比为非淋菌性宫颈炎44.10%、尖锐湿疣31.03%、淋病20.77%、梅毒3.59%、生殖器疱疹0.51%;阴道炎的总检出率为25.46%,其中霉菌18.08%、滴虫4.80%、细菌性阴道病2.58%.结论昆山市STD仍处于稳定的增长过程.     

北京市朝阳区1993～2003年STD报告资料分析

目的分析北京市朝阳区11年性传播疾病(STD)的流行趋势及特点,为制定有效的防治对策提供科学依据。方法以1993～2003年8种法定报告STD疫情资料为依据,进行流行病学分析。结果11年8种监测STD中,除软下疳和性病性淋巴肉芽肿外,其余6种均有报告,累计报告35742例,STD平均发病率为14667/10万,年平均增长1910%,发病率呈增长趋势(趋势检验P<001)。构成比随年份有所改变,1993～1999年以淋病最多,尖锐湿疣次之,第3位为非淋菌性尿道炎(NGU);至2003年NGU所占构成升至第1位,而梅毒的增长幅度最大;男性发病多于女性;高发年龄20～29岁和30～39岁占80%以上;文化程度构成中学文化占发病总数的6845%;已婚患者24152例,占6757%;经性接触传播者占7704%,其中非婚传播占6096%,配偶传播占1608%;报告病例本市29636例,占8292%。结论北京市朝阳区STD发病呈增长趋势,其中梅毒和艾滋病的增长较为显著,加强STD防治知识的普及,提倡安全性行为,是控制STD蔓延的有效措施,也是预防艾滋病病毒感染的有效措施。     

Risk Factors for Syphilis and Prevalence of HIV, Hepatitis B and C among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Beijing, China: Implications for HIV Prevention

To examine the correlates for syphilis and the prevalence for HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C among men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM) in Beijing, China. A total of 541 MSM was recruited using peer-referral, community outreach, and Internet. Questionnaire-based interviews provided information including, demographics, sexual and other risk behaviors. HIV prevalence was 4.8%, syphilis 19.8%, HCV 0.4% and HBsAg 6.5%. The median number of lifetime male sex partners was ten. In the past 3 months, 20.7% drank alcohol ≥1 times per week. In the past month, 21.3 and 14.6% had unprotected anal intercourse with regular and casual male sex partners, respectively. Syphilis infection was associated with less education, alcohol use, finding male sex partners through bathhouses/public washrooms/parks, and diagnoses of sexual transmitted diseases (STDs). Syphilis is now epidemic among Beijing’s MSM. Prevention efforts are urgent as HIV prevalence is already near 5%. Education, condom promotion, STD control, and alcohol-related intervention are needed urgently.     

704例海洛因依赖者性传播疾病危险因素调查分析

目的：调查与分析海洛因依赖者性传播疾病高发的危险因素。方法：对我中心2000年10月至2001年9月收治的自愿（63例）及强制（641例）戒毒者进行性病问卷调查。结果：704例海洛因依赖者均按要求完成问卷，其结果显示海洛因依赖者非婚性行为发生率为79.04％（559／704），非婚性行为中避孕套使用率极低（559例中只有4例100％使用），海洛因依赖者中性传播疾病（STD）感染率高达33.66%（237／704），但患STD后到正规医疗机构就诊率只有17.72%（42／237)。结论：海洛因依赖者性病高发的危险因素主要为非婚性行为发生率高、非婚性行为中保护措施不得力以及患STD后到正规医疗机构诊治率低等。在海洛因依赖者中推广使用避孕套可以减缓STD的增长趋势。     

性病病人健康教育前后性病预防知识改变的流行病学调查

目的：评估教育干预措施在提高性病预防知识，促进使用避孕套预防性病的作用。方法：将病门诊病人随机分成3组：A组为对照组（仅给予常规治疗）；B组录像组（观察有关性病预防知识和如何正确使用避孕套的教育录像）；C组录像＋交谈（观看录像后由医生和病人交谈有关性病预防知识的问题）。采用问卷调查的方法了解干预前后病人性病预防知识和避孕套使用情况。结果：参加研究的648例病人中，超过半数的病人对性病预防知识有一定的了解。但避孕套使用率非常低，即使是与不熟悉的人发生性交，避孕套使用率也仅在20％左右，17％的病人不知道避孕套的使用方法。教育干预对提高性病病人性病预防知识并无显著作用，但在促进避孕套使用上，干预组显著高于非干预组（P＜0．05）。结论：性病宣教育应着重在推广避免套使用和介绍正确使用避孕套的方法。