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1.
目的在新型肩关节镜侧卧位牵引架牵引下实行肩关节镜手术的患者的临床效果。方法选择在2017年11月至2018年4月来我院进行肩关节镜手术治疗的100例患者作为研究对象,将该100例患者分为两组,例数分别为50例,即观察组与对照组。观察组患者在新型肩关节镜侧卧位牵引架下实行手术,而对照组则在以往传统的牵引架牵引下实行手术治疗。观察与比较两组患者对患者自身体位安放的满意程度与发生并发症机率。结果同以往牵引架下牵引间比较,在如何安装新型肩关节镜侧卧位架上并未增加其复杂度,观察组对患者自身体位安放满意程度明显比对照组的高,观察组发生并发症的机率明显比对照组低,在临床上统计学上具有意义(P<0.05)。结论在新型肩关节镜侧卧位牵引架下实行肩关节手术治疗。可以帮助患者正确安放其手术所需要的体位,使手术在操作处理上比较简易,减少发生并发症机率,值得临床上广泛推广与应用。  相似文献   
2.
IntroductionSit-to-walk (STW) is a common transitional motor task not usually included in rehabilitation. Typically, sit-to-stand (STS), pause, then gait initiation (GI) before walking is used, which we term sit-to-stand-and-walk (STSW). Separation between centre-of-pressure (COP) and whole-body centre-of-mass (BCOM) during GI is associated with dynamic postural stability. Rising from seats higher than knee-height (KH) is more achievable for patients, but whether this and/or lead-limb significantly affects task dynamics is unclear. This study tested whether rising from seat-heights and lead-limb affects STW and STSW task dynamics in young healthy individuals.MethodsTen (5F) young (29 ± 7.7 years) participants performed STW and STSW from a standardised position. Five trials of each task were completed at 100 and 120%KH leading with dominant and non-dominant legs. Four force-plates and optical motion capture delineated key movement events and phases with effect of seat-height and lead-limb determined by 2-way ANOVA within tasks.ResultsAt 120%KH, lower peak vertical ground-reaction-forces (vGRFs) and vertical BCOM velocities were observed during rising irrespective of lead-limb. No other parameters differed between seat-heights or lead-limbs. During GI in STSW there was more lateral, and less posterior, COP excursion than expected.ConclusionReduction in vGRFs and velocity during rising at 120%KH is consistent with reduced effort in young healthy individuals and is likely therefore to be an appropriate seat-height for patients. Lead-limb had no effect upon STSW or STW parameters suggesting that normative data independent of lead-limb can be utilised to monitor motor rehabilitation should differences be observed in patients. STSW should be considered an independent movement transition.  相似文献   
3.
Empirical evidence suggests that individuals who consume relatively large amounts of alcohol are more likely to use expensive acute medical care and less likely to use preventive or ambulatory services than other individuals. The few studies that investigated the associations between heavy drinking and health promotion activities did not try to address omitted-variable biases that may confound the relationships. To fill this void in the literature, we examined the effects of heavy alcohol use on three health promotion activities (routine physical exam, flu shot, regular seatbelt use) using the US 2006 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey. Although specification tests indicated that omitted variable bias was not present in the majority of the single-equation probit models, we cautiously interpret our findings as evidence of strong associations rather than causal effects. Among both men and women, heavy alcohol use is negatively and significantly associated with each of our three outcomes. These findings suggest that heavy drinkers may be investing less in health promotion activities relative to abstainers and other drinkers. Policy options to address the associated externalities may be warranted.  相似文献   
4.
Injuries are the most common cause of death for Canadians aged one to 18 years, and 50% of injury deaths in this age group involve an automobile. Evidence suggests that 71% reduction in deaths and a 67% reduction in injuries can be achieved when child safety seats are used properly. This article reviews the recommended restraints for children by weight group and describes the proper position for children. Detailed case examples of car crashes are described to illustrate the dangers of incorrectly used or no restraint.  相似文献   
5.
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of seat surface inclination on postural stability and forward reaching efficiency in 10 children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP) and 16 typically developing (TD) children. The children performed a static sitting and a forward reaching task while sitting on a height- and inclination-adjustable stool at flat, three anterior-inclined, and three posterior-inclined positions. Postural stability was expressed as normalized (with body weight) peak vertical ground reaction force, center of pressure displacement in the anterior/posterior directions (COP_AP), in the medial/lateral directions (COP_ML), and sway ratio (COP_AP/COP_ML). Reaching efficiency was expressed as reaction time and movement time of arm reaching forward to a target. The results showed that seat inclination affected children's postural stability and the effects were comparable for CP and TD children in all measures except for COP_ML. Children with CP presented much larger COP_ML than TD children at the posterior-inclined positions relative to the flat and the anterior-inclined positions. Seat inclination affected reaching efficiency for both groups of children equally. Efficiency was better at the anterior positions than the posterior positions. Anterior-inclined positions improved postural stability and reaching efficiency. Posterior positions posed greater postural challenge and the challenge was tougher for children with CP.  相似文献   
6.
张艳  ;马力扬 《中国校医》2014,(7):489-491
目的了解银川市中学生对交通安全的知信行情况,为开展中学生交通安全健康教育工作提供参考依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法,对银川市唐徕回民中学初一、初二、初三年级各4个班的637名学生进行了问卷调查。结果被调查的初中学生主要的交通方式是骑自行车和乘公共汽车,男女生、年级间差异有统计学意义(均P〈0.05);对"黄色信号灯的用途""推车横过斑马线"回答的正确率只有35.2%和51.6%,且男生对"走人行道""法定骑车年龄""推车横过斑马线"作答的正确率明显低于女生(均P〈0.05);"步行闯红灯""走路看书""逆向骑行""骑车搭人"等交通违规行为随着年级升高而增加(均P〈0.05),且男生"步行闯红灯"等多项交通违规行为发生率明显高于女生(均P〈0.05);对"主动学习安全知识""遵守交通规则""走斑马线""乘车系安全带"的意识随着年级升高而逐渐减弱(均P〈0.05),且男生的"遵守交通规则""走斑马线""乘车系安全带"的意识明显弱于于女生(均P〈0.05)。结论家庭、学校应该重视学生的交通安全教育,转变传统的教育观念和说教方式,引导其建立良好的交通安全意识和正确的交通行为,预防和降低中小学生道路交通事故的发生。  相似文献   
7.
Proper seat belt use saves lives; however, the use rate decreased in Korea. This study aimed to measure the magnitude of the preventive effect of seat belt on case-fatality across drivers and passengers. We used the Emergency Department based Injury In-depth Surveillance (EDIIS) database from 17 EDs between 2011 and 2012. All of adult injured patients from road traffic injuries (RTI) in-vehicle of less than 10-seat van were eligible, excluding cases with unknown seat belt use and outcomes. Primary and secondary endpoints were in-hospital mortality and intracranial injury. We calculated adjusted odds ratios (AORs) of seat belt use and driving status for study outcomes adjusting for potential confounders. Among 23,698 eligible patients, 15,304 (64.6%) wore seat belts. Driver, middle aged (30-44 yr), male, daytime injured patients were more likely to use seat belts (all P < 0.001). In terms of clinical outcome, no seat belt group had higher proportions of case-fatality and intracranial injury compared to seat belt group (both P < 0.001). Compared to seat belt group, AORs (95% CIs) of no seat belt group were 10.43 (7.75-14.04) for case-fatality and 2.68 (2.25-3.19) for intracranial injury respectively. In the interaction model, AORs (95% CIs) of no seat belt use for case-fatality were 11.71 (8.45-16.22) in drivers and 5.52 (2.83-14.76) in non-driving passengers, respectively. Wearing seat belt has significantly preventive effects on case-fatality and intracranial injury. Public health efforts to increase seat belt use are needed to reduce health burden from RTIs.  相似文献   
8.
目的:通过同体自身坐卧位血压值的测量,探讨坐位和卧位血压值差异情况,以指导临床护理工作。方法:对175名观察对象采用同体自身对照,分别测量坐位血压和卧位血压,对所测量的血压值采用配对t检验,进行统计学处理。结果:坐位测量的血压值明显高于卧位测量的血压值,以舒张压增高更明显,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:坐位血压值高于卧位血压值,临床上对血压进行评估时应注意体位影响。  相似文献   
9.
目的探讨痔炎净洗剂治疗炎性外痔的临床疗效。方法对56例炎性结缔组织性外痔患者,用痔炎净洗剂给予熏蒸坐浴治疗,每天1剂坐浴2次,连续治疗7天d。结果治疗后症状分值大幅度下降,治疗前后分值比较有显著性差异(P<0.01)。临床总有效率100%,显效率78.57%,治愈率62.50%。结论痔炎净洗剂配方合理,临床使用显效,是治疗炎性外痔的优秀中药熏洗剂。  相似文献   
10.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of 15° forward (FW) seat inclination and foot-support in children with cerebral palsy (CP) on postural adjustments during reaching.DesignObservational study repeated-measures design; step two of two-step-project.SettingLaboratory unit within University Hospital and two special education schools.Participants19 children (ten unilateral spastic CP (US-CP); nine bilateral spastic CP (BS-CP); Gross Motor Function Classification System levels I-III; 6–12 years old). Participants were able to take part for one one-hour session.InterventionReaching while sitting in four seating conditions (FW or horizontal seat; with or without foot-support) applied in randomized order.Outcome measuresSimultaneously, surface electromyography (EMG) of neck, trunk and arm muscles and kinematics of head and reaching arm (step one of two-step-project) were recorded. Primary outcome parameters were the ability to modulate EMG-amplitudes at baseline and during reaching (phasic muscle activity). Other EMG-parameters were direction-specificity (1st control level), and 2nd level of control parameters: recruitment order, and anticipatory postural activity. Motor behaviour measures: ability to modulate EMG-amplitudes to kinematic characteristics of reaching and head stability.ResultsOnly foot-support was associated with increased tonic background EMG-amplitudes and decreased phasic EMG-amplitudes of the trunk extensors in children with US-CP and BS-CP (mixed-models analyses; p-values <0.01). The foot-support effect was also associated with better kinematics of reaching (Spearman's Rho; p-values <0.01).ConclusionIn terms of postural adjustments during forward reaching, foot-support enhanced the children's capacity to modulate trunk extensor activity, which was associated with improved reaching quality. FW-tilting did not affect postural muscle activity.  相似文献   
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