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1.
The antigenic heterogeneity of Orientia in India is still unknown in many disease endemic areas. The present study aims to characterize the strains of O. tsutsugamushi circulating in Nagaland, Northeast India. Two patients clinically diagnosed with ST and hospitalized in Mon district hospital, Nagaland were identified from whom eschar tissues were collected. Both patients demonstrated antibodies against O. tsutsugamushi along with positive PCR amplification for 56 ?kDa gene. The prototype strain TA763 shared 90.4% homology with the sequences. Both the sequences formed a distinctive cluster demonstrating 100% similarity with strains identified from Thailand, Vietnam, China and southern parts of India.  相似文献   
2.
Acute undifferentiated febrile illness (AUFI) constitutes the predominant cause of healthcare seeking in Odisha. This prospective study was conducted to analyse the clinical, epidemiological and laboratory profile of scrub typhus patients presenting with AUFI from January to December 2017. Four hundred and thirty-two samples were tested for dengue, malaria, scrub typhus and enteric fever. Scrub typhus was overall the most common cause of AUFI (26.3%, 114/432) followed by dengue (19.2%, 83/432). Eschar was seen in 6.1% of cases. Aetiologies of 38.6% of AUFI remained unidentified. In the present study, there was no mortality attributed to scrub typhus.  相似文献   
3.
目的旨在了解浙闽地区人群恙虫病东方体感染的基因型,并分析其基因变异。 方法从浙闽地区5例散发恙虫病发热期患者血中分离病原体并进行细胞培养;提取感染细胞DNA,巢式PCR扩增完整恙虫病东方体56-kD型特异性抗原(TSA)基因和热休克蛋白基因(groESL)并测序;采用MEGA 7.0软件,进行序列比对和系统发育分析。 结果病原学确认5例恙虫病患者,并分离到恙虫病东方体菌株。序列比对表明,5菌株中有2株的56-kD TSA基因和groESL基因100%一致,另2菌株的此二个基因序列一致性亦为100%,分别将两组菌暂时命名为浙江-1型和浙江-2型。56-kDa TSA基因比对和系统发育分析表明,浙江-1型和浙江-2型分别与台湾-A基因型和Gilliam-C基因型亲缘较近(98.45%和98.50%),但有明显变异;另1株菌Wuj/2014与台湾-A基因型高度相似(99.94%)。56-kDa TSA基因各基因型支系的时间树分析表明,台湾-A基因型、浙江-1型和浙江-2型3支系与祖先的分歧时间相对其他原型株晚,尤其是浙江-2型,说明这些基因型或亚型在恙虫病东方体的进化过程中出现较晚。 结论本研究病例所感染恙虫病东方体基因型不同,可能为未被认识的新的基因亚型,迫切需要进行全基因组测序确认,并探讨其基因变异与人恙虫病严重程度间的关系。  相似文献   
4.
目的对2009-2012年河北省斑疹伤寒高发地区临床报告病例进行实验室调查分析。方法按我国卫生部《流行性和地方性斑疹伤寒诊断标准》(WS 215-2008)在临床可疑病例高发地区设立哨点监测医院并收集病例。临床病例进行个案登记并进行发病急性期及恢复期血液标本的收集。实验室检测按WHO推荐的立克次体血清学诊断方法-间接免疫荧光法检测病人血清IgM和IgG特异抗体。以急性期血液DNA为模板,采用巢氏PCR扩增斑疹伤寒群立克次体热休克蛋白基因groEL基因并测序。通过NCBI Blast平台同源比较序列并使用DNASTAR软件进行遗传进化分析。结果本次调查在辛集市、定州市和迁安市共收集877例临床报告病例,2009年报告病例数最多(441例),迁安市病例数最多(510例)。急性期血清莫氏立克次体IgM抗体阳性率为72.8%(73/101),IgG阳性率为78.2%(79/101)。12人通过血清IgG抗体4倍升高或降低明确诊断。PCR扩增阳性率为21.7%(22/101),成功测序的17人groEL(209bp)基因100%同源,与其他地区序列存在较大变异,与标准株R.typhi Wilmington(AY191590)核苷酸97.0%,氨基酸只有93.9%同源,进化分析与其他菌株遗传关系较远。结论河北省辛集、定州和迁安地区存在鼠型斑疹伤寒流行。进一步调查传播媒介及宿主对该病的预防控制具有重要公共卫生意义。加强该病临床诊断及鉴别诊断十分必要。  相似文献   
5.
Introduction: Scrub typhus is a rickettsial infection which is caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi and transmitted by the bite of the chigger of a mite. Delay in diagnosis can be fatal otherwise the treatment is simple, doxycycline being the drug of choice. Indirect immunoflurescence is considered gold standard but it is not used in India as it is costly and also not available. There is need for rapid, economic and simple test for the diagnosis of scrub typhus. This study was taken up to study the seroprevalence of scrub typhus in Andhra Pradesh and to compare two commonly used serological methods; rapid test and IgM ELISA. Materials and methods: This is a prospective study in which 100 serum samples from clinically suspected cases collected over a period of 3 months were processed for the detection of IgM antibodies for scrub typhus by ELISA and Rapid test. Samples were also tested for leptospirosis and dengue fever which the other common causes of fever prevalent in this region. Results: Total number of samples processed was 100 of which 52 were males and 48 females. Among the hundred samples 39 were seropositive. Positivity was higher in the age group of patients between 16 and 30 yrs of age. There was 97% correlation between ELISA and rapid method. Of the 100 samples only three samples positive by ELISA were negative by rapid method. Fever was the most common manifestation and there was no eschar and no mortality reported. Conclusion: Scrub typhus should be included in the differential diagnosis of fever of unknown origin along with dengue, malaria and leptospirosis which are the other common endemic infections in this part of the country.  相似文献   
6.
目的 通过对恙虫病的误诊分析提高对恙虫病的认识.方法 对恙虫病误诊的15例患者进行回顾性分析.结果 15例患者均有草地等野外活动史,均有不同程度发热,14例有溃疡/焦痂、10例有皮疹、4例有淋巴结肿大.误诊为感冒11例、伤寒2例、败血症2例,经治疗均获痊愈.结论皮肤焦痂是恙虫病的重要特征,加强认识、仔细体检及流行病史的询问是防止该病误诊的重要手段.  相似文献   
7.
IntroductionAdult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a rare multisystemic disorder and a diagnostic challenge for physicians because of the wide range of differential diagnoses. Common features of AOSD and secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH) could favour diagnostic uncertainty, in particular in case of infection-related sHLH.ObservationA 61-year-old man was admitted to our internal medicine department for suspected AOSD. He reported a 2-week history of sudden onset fever, headaches, myalgia, sore throat, diarrhoea, and an erythematous macular rash of the trunk as well as petechial purpuric lesions on both legs on return from Reunion Island. Laboratory tests found cytopenia, hepatic cytolysis, hypertriglyceridaemia, and hyperferritinaemia. Hemophagocytosis was diagnosed on bone marrow aspiration in favour of the diagnosis of secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH). Subcutaneous anakinra (100 mg) was initiated to treat sHLH with favourable course. Oral doxycycline was added 3 days later because of atypical features for AOSD diagnosis such as diarrhoea, hypergammaglobulinaemia, and doubtful serologies for Rickettsia and Coxiella. Three weeks later, Rickettsia typhi serology was checked again and revealed an increase in IgG titer > 4 times that confirmed the diagnosis of murine typhus. A diagnosis of murine typhus complicated by sHLH was retained, successfully treated by anakinra and doxycycline.ConclusionOur observation shows that AOSD diagnosis has to be stringent due to the many differential diagnoses, particularly infection complicated by sHLH, which may be rare. It is important to consider murine typhus in patients returning from endemic areas, such as La Reunion or other tropical areas, when they present fever of unknown origin with non-specific clinical features. Moreover, this case illustrates the effectiveness of IL-1 blockers as a treatment for symptomatic sHLH without severity criteria, regardless of the aetiology.  相似文献   
8.
 丛林斑疹伤寒是由恙虫病东方体感染引起的一种急性人畜共患传染病。临床表现为发热、皮疹、淋巴结肿大,被叮咬部位出现特异性焦痂和溃疡是该病诊断的最主要依据,没有焦痂和溃疡的患者往往很难识别。本文报告1例54岁男性患者,以发热、淋巴结肿大及全身多个脏器损伤为主要临床表现,因无特征性焦痂,且经验性使用抗菌药物效果不佳,给诊疗带来困难。病例标本送宏基因组二代测序(mNGS)明确病原体为恙虫病东方体。换用左氧氟沙星及阿奇霉素治疗后患者症状很快好转,最终痊愈出院。mNGS已被证明比传统培养方法更敏感,在早期诊断恙虫病方面优于传统临床方法,尤其是对于没有典型焦痂的患者。  相似文献   
9.
目的 调查云南省泸西县啮齿动物携带恙虫病东方体、无形体和埃立克体的状况,了解该类病原体在当地自然界中的保存状况和基因特征。方法 用鼠笼和鼠夹在云南省泸西县捕鼠,将捕获的动物种类鉴定后解剖取脾脏,活鼠取血。采用巢式PCR扩增脾脏的恙虫病东方体groEL基因,无形体和埃立克体的16S rRNA基因特异片段;测定PCR扩增阳性产物的DNA序列,对获得序列进行序列比对和系统进化分析。IFA法检测鼠血清中恙虫病东方体IgG抗体。结果 在泸西县共捕获啮齿动物10种225只。其中黄胸鼠36.89%(83/225)、大绒鼠35.11%(79/225)和中华姬鼠13.78%(31/225)为优势鼠种。获得鼠血清85份。鼠脾脏中检测到5株东方体groEL基因阳性标本,带毒鼠种为黄胸鼠2.41%(2/83)和大绒鼠3.80%(3/79)。同源性比较显示,这5株东方体的相似性在99.02%~100%之间,他们分别与GenBank中已知立克次体序列的相似性在98.75%~100%。系统发生树显示,5株OT与来自日本、泰国和中国安徽的菌株位于同一分支。3份16S rRNA阳性标本,其中1份埃立克体阳性,来源于大绒鼠;1份沃尔巴克氏体和1份巴尔通体阳性均来源于黄胸鼠。无形体均为阴性。埃立克体株序列比对显示与来自美国、中国和巴西的埃立克体基因同源性为98.0%~100%,并与分离自美国野外工作者皮肤的伊文氏埃立克体在同一分支。鼠血清恙虫病IgG抗体阳性7份,阳性率8.24%(7/85)。结论 该地区存在以黄胸鼠和大绒鼠为主要宿主的恙虫病自然疫源地。埃立克体、巴尔通体和沃尔巴克氏体在啮齿动物中也存在感染,需注意防控。  相似文献   
10.
Murine typhus case was initially identified in Reunion, France, in 2012 in a tourist. Our investigation confirmed 8 autochthonous cases that occurred during January 2011–January 2013 in Reunion. Murine typhus should be considered in local patients and in travelers returning from Reunion who have fevers of unknown origin.  相似文献   
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