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目的:探讨ICU护士执行身体约束缩减行动的障碍因素,为制定身体约束标准化管理方案提供依据。方法:基于理论域框架(TDF)制定访谈提纲,采用目的抽样法对天津市某三级甲等医院的12名ICU护士进行半结构式访谈,按照TDF的相关领域对转录后的资料进行归类,用内容分析法对访谈资料进行分析。结果:ICU护士对身体约束缩减行动理解存在偏差、对约束替代措施内容的不熟悉是其执行身体约束缩减行动的障碍因素之一;身体约束缩减方案评估工具、决策流程的不规范对缩减约束行动的开展造成了一定阻碍;环境因素的限制及对缩减约束结果的担忧,使ICU护士没有足够的信心去执行;科室缺乏支持缩减约束的组织氛围,难以引起护士对执行约束缩减行动的重视,进而削减执行的动力。结合理论域框架将上述因素分别归属为知识、自我效能、环境背景和资源、社会影响、行为规范5个领域。结论:知识、自我效能、环境背景和资源、社会影响及行为规范为ICU护士执行身体约束缩减行动的障碍因素。科室要在明确障碍因素的基础上,加强领导层对执行缩减约束的重视和支持。制定缩减约束评估决策规范化流程以及培训方案,倡导团队协作,创造支持身体约束缩减行动的组织氛围,坚定ICU护士执行缩减约束的信心,促进身体约束缩减行动的持续实施。 相似文献
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目的 探讨腹膜透析患者不同阶段自我调节疲劳及生活质量的动态变化,并分析二者相关性。方法 采用便利抽样法,使用自行设计的患者一般资料调查表、自我调节疲劳量表、肾脏病专用生活质量简表对150例腹膜透析患者在置管后1、3、6、12个月时对其开展追踪调查。结果 患者生活质量处于中等偏低水平且呈逐步下降趋势,自我调节疲劳程度处于中等偏高且呈逐渐上升趋势。置管后1、3、6、12个月患者自我调节疲劳与生活质量呈负相关(均P<0.05)。结论 腹膜透析患者自我调节疲劳及生活质量呈动态变化,自我调节疲劳水平越低时,其生活质量越高。医护人员应重视患者不同阶段的自我调节疲劳水平,实施个性化的干预指导,降低自我控制资源损耗程度,以提高患者生活质量。 相似文献
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Disparity in Utilization of Multiagent Therapy for Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia in the United States
《Clinical Lymphoma, Myeloma & Leukemia》2022,22(5):319-325
BackgroundDespite high rate of cure in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) in clinical trials, outcomes in real-world practice are dismal. We utilized National Cancer Database (NCDB) to explore utilization of multiagent therapy in APL and identify any disparities in treatment in real-world practices.Patients and MethodsNCDB categorizes use of systemic chemotherapy into single agent versus multiagent therapy. Some patients received hormonal therapy, immunotherapy, and unknown therapy; details of these treatments could not be ascertained. We therefore used multiple logistic regression analysis to evaluate effects of covariates on the probability of multiagent therapy use in 6678 patients.ResultsCompared to patients >60 years, patients aged 0 to 18 years (hazard ratio[HR] 3.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.8-5.5, P< .0001), 19 to 40 years (HR 1.6, 95% CI 1.03-2.54, P= .03), and 41 to 60 years (HR 1.6, 95% CI 1.3-1.9, P< .0001) were more likely to receive multiagent therapy. Patients with Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) of 0 (HR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2-2.3, P= .001) and CCI of 1 (HR 1.4, 95% CI 1.0-1.9, P= .04) had a higher likelihood of receiving multiagent therapy than patients with CCI ≥ 3. Patients treated at academic cancer centers, compared to those treated at community cancer center (HR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3-0.7, P= .001), comprehensive community cancer center (HR 0.7, 95% CI 0.6-0.8, P< .0001), and integrated network cancer center (HR 0.8, 95% CI 0.6-0.9, P= .02) were more likely to be treated with multiagent therapy. Compared to the patients with private insurance, those with Medicaid had increased likelihood (HR 1.2, 95% CI 1.0-1.4, P= .04) whereas uninsured patients had a lower likelihood of receiving multiagent therapy (HR 0.6, 95% CI 0.5-0.8, P= .0005).ConclusionTo our knowledge, this study is the first and the largest scale analysis of treatment practices in APL in real-world practices. Our findings highlight significant disparities in treatment of APL based on age, insurance, and health-system factors. 相似文献
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Alzina Koric MPP Chun-Pin Chang PhD Bayarmaa Mark MS Kerry Rowe PhD John Snyder PhD Mark Dodson MD Vikrant G. Deshmukh PhD Michael G. Newman MS Alison M. Fraser MPH Ken R. Smith PhD Ankita P. Date MS Lisa H. Gren PhD Christina A. Porucznik PhD Benjamin A. Haaland PhD N. Lynn Henry MD Mia Hashibe PhD 《Cancer》2022,128(14):2826-2835
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《International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery》2022,51(11):1424-1430
Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a serious complication of anti-resorptive therapy used in the treatment of multiple myeloma and cancerous bone metastases. In this study, patients with either multiple myeloma or solid tumours with a simultaneous or subsequent record of anti-resorptive treatment or bone metastases were identified using population-based medical registries. These patients were followed for the outcome of ONJ. Considering death as a competing risk, the cumulative incidence of ONJ was estimated, overall and by cancer site. Patients who developed ONJ were followed for the outcome of death overall and by several risk factors for ONJ. A total of 33,975 cancer patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were identified; 233 incidents of ONJ and a cumulative incidence of 1.9% (95% confidence interval 1.6–2.3%) over a maximum follow-up time of 7.5 years were observed. The 5-year cumulative incidence was 1.3% (95% confidence interval 1.2–1.6%) and varied by cancer site. There were 126 deaths among cancer patients with ONJ over a maximum follow-up time of 6.4 years, resulting in a 5-year mortality of 91% (95% confidence interval 81–97%). Mortality among patients with ONJ varied by cancer site, osteonecrosis stage, and by history of trauma to the mucosa. 相似文献
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目的了解陕西省(以下简称我省)ICU开展重症血液净化技术的现状。 方法2021年8月31至9月10日,采用方便抽样法通过网络调查形式向我省境内各级医院ICU医护人员发放调查问卷,收集我省ICU重症血液净化开展现状信息数据,分析其潜在影响因素。 结果本研究共收集到146份调查问卷,剔除10份存在逻辑性错误的问卷,最终136份问卷纳入研究分析;本研究涵盖我省陕南、关中及陕北三个地域,涉及11个不同城市或区域。调查结果表明,我省重症血液净化主要在三级医院ICU开展,三级甲等医院占比50.70%,三级乙等医院占比11.27%,二级甲等医院占比38.03%。重症血液净化技术在医院级别、开展年限、科室床位数、机器保有量、月均治疗例数之间存在一定的相关性(Spearman检验,P<0.05)。调查结果还显示科室自配置换液为主要构成(50.00%);治疗病种主要为多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)、急性肾损伤(AKI)及脓毒症休克(18.20%,17.38%,16.56%);常见重症血液净化模式为连续性静脉-静脉血液滤过(CVVH)、连续性静脉-静脉血液透析滤过(CVVHDF)、血浆置换(PE)(28.18%,21.95%,15.96%);置管方法主要依靠解剖定位,常见部位为右股静脉(41.91%)。全身肝素抗凝与局部枸橼酸抗凝均为常见抗凝方式。出血与管路凝血仍为重症血液净化过程中最主要的并发症。 结论我省ICU重症血液净化技术开展存在不均衡现状,基层医院开展重症血液净化的能力有待进一步提升。本研究结果将为我省重症血液净化技术的推动发展和卫生行政部门制定相关的政策及培训制度提供一定的依据。 相似文献
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《Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD》2022,32(6):1445-1453
Background and aimsWe aimed to evaluate the joint effect of physical activity (PA) and blood lipid levels on all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality.Methods and resultsWe analyzed 17,236 participants from the Rural Chinese Cohort Study. Cox's proportional-hazards regression models were used to assess the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between the joint effect of PA and blood lipid levels and risk of all-cause and CVD mortality. Restricted cubic splines were used to estimate the dose–response relationship of PA with risk of all-cause and CVD mortality. During a median follow-up of 6.01 years there were 1106 deaths (484 from CVD) among participants. For all-cause mortality, compared with the group with dyslipidemia and extremely light PA (ELPA), the HRs with dyslipidemia and light PA (LPA), moderate PA (MPA), and heavy PA (HPA) were 0.56 (95% CI 0.45–0.70), 0.59 (0.46–0.75), and 0.59 (0.45–0.78), respectively, while the HRs of groups with normal lipid levels and ELPA, LPA, MPA, and HPA were 0.88 (0.72–1.04), 0.59 (0.48–0.73), 0.53 (0.41–0.67), and 0.38 (0.29–0.50), respectively. We observed similar effects on CVD mortality. Restricted cubic splines showed a curvilinear relationship between PA and risk of all-cause and CVD mortality with normal lipid levels and with dyslipidemia.ConclusionHigher PA reduces the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality. Higher levels of PA are needed in the population. 相似文献
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