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1.
《European journal of surgical oncology》2022,48(11):2346-2351
In the pelvis, anatomic complexity and difficulty in visualization and access make surgery a formidable task. Surgeons are prone to work-related musculoskeletal injuries from the frequently poor design and flow of their work environment. This is exacerbated by the strain of surgery in the pelvis. These injuries can result in alterations to a surgeons practice, inadvertent patient injury, and even early retirement. Human factors examines the relationships between the surgeon, their instruments and their environment. By bridging physiology, psychology, and ergonomics, human factors allows a better understanding of some of the challenges posed by pelvic surgery. The operative approach involved (open, laparoscopic, robotic, or perineal) plays an important role in the relevant human factors. Improved understanding of ergonomics can mitigate these risks to surgeons. Other human factors approaches such as standardization, use of checklists, and employing resiliency efforts can all improve patient safety in the operating theatre. 相似文献
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The population is ageing, but while average life expectancy continues to increase, healthy life expectancy has not necessarily matched this and negative ageing stereotypes remain prevalent. Self-directed ageing stereotypes are hypothesised to play an important role in older adults’ health and well-being; however, a wide variety of terms and measures are used to explore this construct meaning there is a lack of clarity within the literature. A review was conducted to identify tools used to measure self-directed ageing stereotype in older adults and evaluate their quality. Searches identified 109 papers incorporating 40 different measures. Most common were the Philadelphia Geriatric Centre Morale Scale Attitude Towards Own Ageing (ATOA) subscale, Ageing Perceptions Questionnaire (APQ) and Attitudes to Ageing Questionnaire. Despite being most frequently used, the ATOA was developed to measure morale in older adults rather than self-directed ageing stereotypes. Over 25 terms were used to describe the concept, and it is suggested that for consistency the term “self-directed ageing stereotype” be adopted universally. Across measures, poor reporting of psychometric properties made it difficult to assess scale quality and more research is needed to fully assess measures before conclusions can be drawn as to the best tool; however, the Brief-APQ appears to hold most promise. Future research must address this issue before interventions to reduce negative self-directed ageing stereotypes can be developed and fully evaluated.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s10433-020-00574-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
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目前我国已是世界上脑卒中风险最大的国家。卒中后抑郁(Post-Stroke Depression,PSD)是脑卒中后最常见的神经精神并发症之一。PSD不仅延长患者功能康复时间,严重影响生活质量,而且显著增加致残率和病死率,给家庭、社会带来沉重负担、负面引导等不良影响。虽然目前证实神经递质、神经内分泌、神经解剖、炎症因子、遗传基因、神经营养因子、氧化应激、肠道菌群、社会心理等与PSD密切相关,但对PSD的具体病因机制尚无统一定论,给疾病的预防和治疗带来严峻考验。 相似文献
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《Joint, bone, spine : revue du rhumatisme》2022,89(3):105298
ObjectiveAn increasing number of studies have demonstrated cognitive impairment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The literature indicates many factors play an important role in this clinical problem, such as the severity of depressive symptoms and the treatment used. The aim of this study was to systematically review studies comparing cognitive functioning between healthy participants and RA patients and to determine both the severity and potential moderators of cognitive impairment.MethodsFor this purpose, 16 studies that fulfilled all selection criteria were carefully selected. Altogether, 921 patients with RA (812 women and 109 men) and 700 controls participated in these studies. Due to the inability to perform a network meta-analysis, it was decided to determine the effect sizes for studies which used the same measurement methods.ResultsThe analysis demonstrated greater impairment of cognitive functioning in patients with RA than in healthy controls, with effect sizes ranging from small to large, depending on the assessment method used in the study.ConclusionsThe study pinpoints potential biases, lack of replication, and inconsistencies in reporting data as possible confounding factors and suggests further recommendations for assessment methods, research directions and clinical implications.Clinical trial registrationNot applicable. 相似文献
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Elizabeth Pellicano 《Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines》2020,61(3):233-235
Autism science has transformed beyond recognition in the last two decades. International investment has grown extensively and the number of papers published on autism has increased 10-fold (Pellicano et al., 2014), far surpassing publications on related topics. The sheer amount of scientific research on autism has no doubt been instrumental in many of the discoveries and insights so eloquently described by Happé and Frith (2020). But, as autistic scientist Michelle Dawson reminds us, quality matters too and, for that reason, it is a delight to recognise the contribution that both Happé and Frith have made, dramatically changing our understanding of autism in a host of ways. 相似文献
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Sajid Amit Lumbini Barua Abdulla - Al Kafy 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2021,15(4):102129
Background and aimsWorldwide the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated sufferings of mental health and behaviour attitudes of people. Many countries, including Bangladesh, reported suicide as extreme consequences of the psychological burden influenced by COVID-19. The present study explores human stress and its factor influenced by COVID-19 in Bangladesh, which significantly affect the quality of life.MethodsAn online-based questionnaire survey was conducted among 651 adult Bangladeshi populations by capturing socio-demographic information, possible human stress, and consequences of the pandemic. A set of statistical tools such as Pearson's Correlation Matrix (PCM), T-test, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) were applied to identify the relationship between different factors and influential factors increasing human stress.ResultsMore than 83% of the participants are facing COVID-19 related mental stress, which results in short temper, sleep disorder, and family chaos. PCA and HCA outcomes indicated a significant relationship between the respondents' opinions and human stress factors, which harmonized with the country's existing scenario. PCM results enlighten the relationship between human stress factors and found financial hardship, cutting back daily spending, and food crisis are interconnected together causes stress. Also, hampering students' formal education and future career plans significantly contribute to mental stress.ConclusionBased on the above findings, it's crucial to introduce a time-oriented strategy and implement precaution monitoring plans for Bangladesh. The rescue plan will help people to manage the pandemic and improve mental health to fight against psychological challenges related to COVID-19 and future pandemics. 相似文献
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《Annales médico-psychologiques》2020,178(2):215-221
This interview is the continuation and supplement of the article “Transidentity and sex change: The sociologist's point of view, the psychiatrist's role”. Psychologists Sandrine Coussinoux, Eirini Rari and psychiatrist Thierry Gallarda discuss the issue of sex reassignment for transidentitarian people as well as the role of psychologists who work on this subject in the Parisian multidisciplinary team specialized in “Gender dysphoria and mental health”. 相似文献
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