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PurposeTo review and to compare indirectly the outcomes of minimally invasive therapies for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia.Materials and MethodsA literature search via Medline and Cochrane Central databases was completed for randomized control studies published between January 2000 to April 2020 for the following therapies: Rezum, Urolift, Aquablation, and prostatic artery embolization (PAE). Data on the following variables were included: International prostate symptom score (IPSS), maximum urinary flow rate, quality of life, and postvoid residual (PVR). Standard mean differences between treatments were compared through a meta-analysis using transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) to assess differences in treatment effect.ResultsThere was no significant difference in outcomes between therapies for IPSS at the 3, 6, and 12-month follow ups. Although outcomes for Rezum were only available out to 3 months, there were no consistently significant differences in outcomes when comparing Aquablation versus PAE versus Rezum. TURP PVR was significantly better than Urolift at 3, 6, and 12 months. No significant differences in minor or major adverse events were noted.ConclusionAlthough significant differences in outcomes were limited, Aquablation and PAE were the most durable at 12 months. PAE has been well studied on multiple randomized control trials with minimal adverse events while Aquablation has limited high quality data and has been associated with bleeding-related complications.  相似文献   
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目的比较子宫内膜异位症(EM)合并子宫内膜息肉(EP)术后单独使用促性腺激素释放激素激动剂(GnRH-a)和GnRH-a联合左炔诺孕酮宫内节育系统(LNG-IUS)的疗效。方法选择2018年1月1日至2020年1月1日在安徽医科大学第一附属医院妇产科因EM合并EP接受宫腹腔镜联合保守性手术治疗的60例患者,按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各30例,对照组术后单独予GnRH-a治疗,观察组予GnRH-a联合LNG-IUS治疗,随访1年,观察两组患者的痛经缓解情况、月经量及子宫内膜厚度变化情况、EM及EP复发情况。结果①两组均有一定的治疗效果,术后12个月两组的痛经程度、月经量及子宫内膜厚度较术前均下降(P<0.01);②术后12个月观察组痛经视觉模拟评分法评分[(1.97±1.03)分]低于对照组[(3.07±1.01)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);③术后12个月观察组的月经量[(36.00±9.39)分]少于对照组[(82.07±10.82)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);④术后12个月观察组的子宫内膜厚度[(2.69±1.21)mm]薄于对照组[(7.28±1.55)mm],差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。⑤两组术后1年随访,观察组EM和EP复发率均低于对照组(3.33%比16.67%;0.00%比6.67%),但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组痛经症状复发率(0.00%比25.00%)及总复发率(3.33%比36.67%)低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论GnRH-a联合LNG-IUS治疗EM合并EP疗效明确,可有效缓解痛经程度,减少患者的月经量,降低复发率,优于单用GnRH-a治疗。  相似文献   
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目的 应用体素内不相干运动扩散加权成像(IVIM-DWI)比值法鉴别诊断前列腺移行区的前列腺疾病,并对前列腺癌(PCa)进行风险评估。方法 纳入97例前列腺疾病病人,包括经超声引导穿刺活检或术后病理证实为发生于移行区的PCa病人35例[平均年龄(65.4±9.3)岁]和良性前列腺增生(BPH)病人62例[平均年龄(61.2±10.8)岁],并进行肿瘤组织Gleason评分。根据Gleason评分确定PCa是否具有临床意义,并进行高低风险划分。所有病人均行IVIM-DWI检查,测量前列腺移行区表观扩散系数(ADC)和纯扩散系数(D)值,计算病灶区与对侧非病灶区相应2个参数的比值(ADCratio和Dratio)。采用独立样本t检验比较2组间ADCratio和Dratio的差异。采用受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线评估ADCratio和Dratio的诊断效能。结果 PCa组病灶区的ADC值和D值均低于对侧非病灶区(P<0.05),而BPH组病灶区ADC值、D值与对侧非病灶区的差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。PCa组的ADCratio和Dratio值均小于BPH组(均P<0.05)。PCa高风险组的ADCratio和Dratio均低于低风险组(均P<0.05)。ADCratio为0.782时鉴别移行区PCa和BPH的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)更高(0.925),其敏感度、特异度和准确度分别为91.2%、89.0%、90.1%; ADCratio为0.707时鉴别有无临床意义PCa的AUC更高(0.846),其敏感度、特异度和准确度分别为80.2%、91.1%、87.4%。结论 通过IVIM-DWI比值法计算得出的ADCratio和Dratio对移行区PCa有较高的诊断价值,同时能够在一定程度上预测Gleason分级,但尚不能在临床治疗中代替穿刺活检。  相似文献   
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目的探讨中药配方颗粒治疗肝郁痰凝型乳腺增生症的临床效果。方法将100例肝郁痰凝型乳腺增生症患者随机分为对照组与观察组,各50例。对照组接受常规中药饮片治疗,观察组采用中药配方颗粒治疗,比较两组的临床效果。结果两组的治疗总有效率无显著差异(P>0.05)。治疗后,两组的乳房疼痛、肿块大小、乳房肿块硬度评分均降低,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组的E2、PRL水平均降低,P水平均升高(P<0.05),但组间比较,差异不显著(P>0.05)。观察组患者认为调剂方式使用便捷、安全卫生、剂量准确、易于储存的比例均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论中药配方颗粒治疗肝郁痰凝型乳腺增生症的临床效果显著,可有效控制疾病症状,且具有用药方便、安全卫生、剂量准确、易于储存的优点,临床实用性更强。  相似文献   
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BACKGROUNDAdrenal incidentaloma (AI) has been frequently encountered in the clinical setting. It has been shown that primary aldosteronism (PA) or subclinical Cushing’s syndrome (SCS) are the representative causative diseases of AI. However, the coexistence of PA and SCS has been reportedly observed. Recently, we encountered a case of AI, in which PA and SCS coexisted, confirmed by histopathological examinations after a laparoscopic adrenalectomy. We believe that there were some clinical implications in the diagnosis of the present case.CASE SUMMARYA 58-year-old man presented with lower right abdominal pain with a blood pressure of 170/100 mmHg. A subsequent computed tomography scan revealed right ureterolithiasis, which was the cause of right abdominal pain, and right AI measuring 22 mm × 25 mm. After the disappearance of right abdominal pain, subsequent endocrinological examinations were performed. Aldosterone-related evaluations, including adrenal venous sampling, revealed the presence of bilateral PA. In addition, several cortisol-related evaluations showed the presence of SCS on the right adrenal adenoma. A laparoscopic right adrenalectomy was then performed. The histopathological examination of the resected right adrenal revealed the presence of a cortisol-producing adenoma, while CYP11B2 immunoreactivity was absent in this adenoma. However, in the adjacent non-neoplastic adrenal, multiple CYP11B2-positive adrenocortical micronodules were detected, showing the presence of aldosterone-producing adrenocortical micronodules. CONCLUSIONCareful clinical and pathological examination should be performed when a patient harboring AI presents with concomitant SCS and PA.  相似文献   
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PurposeThe purpose of the study was to elucidate the usefulness of a dose evaluation method for reducing late genitourinary (GU) toxicity in high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) of prostate cancer.Methods and MaterialsGU toxicity was scored in accordance with the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0. The prostatic urethra was divided into three segments (base = B, midgland = M, apex = A), which were subclassified into seven subgroups (B, M, A, BM, BA, MA, BMA) using a D10% color map of the urethra. Significance testing was conducted on urethral D0.1% and D10% among the seven subgroups. Grade < 2 GU toxicity was also implemented.ResultsData of 174 patients with localized prostate cancer treated with HDR-BT combined with external beam radiotherapy between November 2011 and July 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. Median age was 74 (53–84) years, and median followup period was 44 (6–69) months. The number of Grade < 2 and Grade ≥ 2 toxicity was significantly different in the M subgroup than in the other subgroups (p < 0.05), suggesting increased radioresistance in the midgland urethra.ConclusionsA high-dose-area evaluation method using a urethral D10% color map may be helpful in reducing late GU toxicity in HDR-BT for prostate cancer.  相似文献   
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