基于中医古籍文献的升降散应用溯源及探析

通过对中医古籍中有关升降散论述的文献梳理,全面探讨其内涵。本方是在大黄、僵蚕为雏形的基础上增加蝉蜕、姜黄而成方,几经易名,终在杨璿《伤寒瘟疫条辨》中为后人所熟知。本方广泛用于治疗瘟疫,以丸剂、散剂为主,方便携带,便于服用;重用大黄旨在祛邪、逐秽;应用时视人之体质强弱和量其毒之轻重而判断用药多寡,并辅以米酒、生蜜等以顾护正气。杨璿将其由治疗“热疫”的专方扩展为治疗“表里三焦大热”的通用方剂,扩大了本方治疗疾病范围。     

益气养精法对老年肺癌患者肿瘤标志物、生存期影响研究

目的探究益气养精法对老年肺癌患者肿瘤标志物、生存期影响。方法研究纳入60例老年肺癌患者,均由本院2016年1月-2017年1月收治,采取随机数字表法将患者分为两组,对照组患者(30例)常规化疗治疗,观察组患者(30例)在化疗基础上联合益气养精法治疗,比较两组患者治疗效果、治疗前后癌胚抗原(carcino-embryonic antigen,CEA)及血清癌抗原125(serum oncoantigen 125,CA 125)肿瘤标志物水平、不良反应情况及患者2年生存率。结果观察组患治疗有效率高于对照组,P<0.05;治疗前,两组患者CEA及CA 125水平相当,P>0.05,治疗后均改善,观察组优于对照组,P<0.05;观察组患者不良反应与对照组相当,均较低,P>0.05;观察组患者2年生存率高于对照组,P<0.05。结论益气养精法治疗老年肺癌患者效果患者,患者症状改善,不良反应少,安全可靠,且患者2年生存率较高。     

原发性骶尾部脊索瘤的CT分型及征象

目的对治疗前原发性骶尾部脊索瘤(PSC)CT图像分型,并分析其CT征象,为诊断和个性化治疗提供依据。方法回顾性分析101例PSC患者治疗前的CT图像,包括肿瘤的部位、范围、大小、密度、肿瘤与邻近结构的关系。按照肿瘤的部位由上及下分为Ⅰ~Ⅳ型,并根据肿瘤侵犯的范围从小到大分为a^d亚型。采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验比较PSC各亚型的占比,并对各亚型之间进行两两比较。采用R×C列联表精确概率检验比较分型和亚型肿瘤钙化的发生率。采用单因素方差分析及LSD-t检验对各分型和亚型肿瘤的大小和密度进行分析、比较。结果101例PSC中,Ⅰ~Ⅳ型的发生率分别为17.8%、30.7%、36.6%、14.9%,a^d亚型的占比分别为9.9%、25.7%、58.4%、5.9%。各亚型的占比差异具有统计学意义(P=0.012)。c亚型明显高于a亚型(P=0.039),d亚型明显低于a亚型(P=0.036),其余各型之间无明显差异。各分型肿瘤内钙化的差异无统计学意义(P=0.233);各亚型肿瘤内钙化的差异有统计学意义(P=0.003),a^d亚型肿瘤钙化的比率逐渐增加。Ⅰ型肿瘤的左右径及上下径明显大于Ⅱ~Ⅳ型(P<0.05)。a亚型与b亚型肿瘤之间前后径的差异无统计学意义(P=0.102),b^d亚型之间前后径的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同亚型肿瘤之间的左右径、上下径之间的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),a亚型径线最小,d亚型径线最大。结论101例PSC中,Ⅱ、Ⅲ型最多见,肿瘤较少累及第一骶骨;各亚型中,a型较少见,c亚型最多见,d亚型最少见。肿瘤的密度与分型无关,肿瘤内钙化与亚型有关。Ⅰ型肿瘤侵犯的范围较Ⅱ~Ⅳ型广泛,a^d亚型肿瘤的径线逐渐增大,CT分型有利于判断肿瘤的范围。PSC诊断延迟现象比较明显,但很少发生远处侵犯和转移。CT图像可对治疗前PSC分型,为诊断和个性化治疗提供依据。     

Five-year clinical outcomes using the bioresorbable vascular scaffold: Insights from the FRANCE ABSORB registry

Central illustration: cumulative major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS) thrombosis rates after 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years.

     

健康干预在肥胖中学生中所起的效果评价

目的：探讨健康干预应用于肥胖中学生的效果。方法：抽取张掖市第一中学肥胖中学生180例，随机分为观察组与对照组，观察组实施健康干预，对照组仅予以常规健康教育，比较两组肥胖改善情况。结果：观察组干预效果显著优于对照组（P＜0．05）；干预后观察组的 BMI、腰围、胸围及皮脂厚度均较对照组显著降低（P＜0．05）。结论：在肥胖中学生中实施健康干预有利于促进学生身体形态生长水平的改善，控制和降低学生 BMI和肥胖增长速度。     

Platelets in Early Antibody-Mediated Rejection of Renal Transplants

Antibody-mediated rejection is a major complication in renal transplantation. The pathologic manifestations of acute antibody-mediated rejection that has progressed to functional impairment of a renal transplant have been defined in clinical biopsy specimens. However, the initial stages of the process are difficult to resolve with the unavoidable variables of clinical studies. We devised a model of renal transplantation to elucidate the initial stages of humoral rejection. Kidneys were orthotopically allografted to immunodeficient mice. After perioperative inflammation subsided, donor-specific alloantibodies were passively transferred to the recipient. Within 1 hour after a single transfer of antibodies, C4d was deposited diffusely on capillaries, and von Willebrand factor released from endothelial cells coated intravascular platelet aggregates. Platelet-transported inflammatory mediators platelet factor 4 and serotonin accumulated in the graft at 100- to 1000-fold higher concentrations compared with other platelet-transported chemokines. Activated platelets that expressed P-selectin attached to vascular endothelium and macrophages. These intragraft inflammatory changes were accompanied by evidence of acute endothelial injury. Repeated transfers of alloantibodies over 1 week sustained high levels of platelet factor 4 and serotonin. Platelet depletion decreased platelet mediators and altered the accumulation of macrophages. These data indicate that platelets augment early inflammation in response to donor-specific antibodies and that platelet-derived mediators may be markers of evolving alloantibody responses.