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《Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography》2022,16(6):483-490
BackgroundInflammation surrounding the coronary arteries can be non-invasively assessed using pericoronary adipose tissue attenuation (PCAT). While PCAT holds promise for further risk stratification of patients with low coronary artery disease (CAD) prevalence, its value in higher risk populations remains unknown.MethodsCORE320 enrolled patients referred for invasive coronary angiography with known or suspected CAD. Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) images were collected for 381 patients for whom clinical outcomes were assessed 5 years after enrollment. Using semi-automated image analysis software, PCAT was obtained and normalized for the right coronary (RCA), left anterior descending (LAD), and left circumflex arteries (LCx). The association between PCAT and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) during follow up was assessed using Cox regression models.ResultsThirty-seven patients were excluded due to technical failure. For the remaining 344 patients, median age was 62 (interquartile range, 55–68) with 59% having ≥1 coronary artery stenosis of ≥50% by quantitative coronary angiography. Mean attenuation values for PCAT in RCA, LAD, and LCx were ?74.9, ?74.2, and ?71.2, respectively. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for normalized PCAT in the RCA, LAD, and LCx for MACE were 0.96 (CI: 0.75–1.22, p ?= ?0.71), 1.31 (95% CI: 0.96–1.78, p ?= ?0.09), and 0.98 (95% CI: 0.78–1.22, p ?= ?0.84), respectively. For death, stroke, or myocardial infarction only, hazard ratios were 0.68 (0.44–1.07), 0.85 (0.56–1.29), and 0.57 (0.41–0.80), respectively.ConclusionsIn patients referred for invasive coronary angiography with suspected CAD, PCAT did not predict MACE during long term follow up. Further studies are needed to understand the relationship of PCAT with CAD risk. 相似文献
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目的探讨采用基于"人工智能(AI)的骨龄辅助评价系统(上海初云医疗科技有限公司与四川大学华西第二医院合作开发)"(以下简称为AI系统)对完全性生长激素缺乏症(CGHD)患儿诊断及骨龄评价准确性。 方法选择2014年7月至2019年11月,于四川大学华西第二医院确诊的66例来自四川地区CGHD患儿为研究对象,纳入研究组。选择同期于病例收集医院儿童保健科进行骨龄测定的67例来自四川地区身高达标儿童作为对照,纳入对照组。对每例受试儿进行左手腕关节正位X射线摄片骨龄测定,由2位医师采用《TW2骨龄评分法中国未成年人南方标准》(以下简称为TW2CHN)》与《TW3骨龄评分法标准》(以下简称为TW3),盲法评价受试儿TW2CHN-桡、尺、掌指骨(RUS)与TW2CHN-腕骨(carpal)、TW2CHN-20、TW3-RUS及TW3-carpal骨龄(以下简称为5种传统骨龄),以及以同性别、年龄身高达标儿童5种传统骨龄为标准,计算受试儿5种传统骨龄百分位数。同时,采用AI系统分别对每例受试儿采取TW2CHN与TW3法,评价其AI-TW2CHN-RUS、AI-TW2CHN-carpal、AI-TW2CHN-20、AI-TW3-RUS及AI-TW3-carpal骨龄(以下简称为5种AI骨龄)及其相应百分位数。以上述5种传统骨龄+5种AI骨龄(以下简称为10种骨龄)相应的P50、P25、P10、P3值(统称为Pn值)作为诊断CGHD患儿临界值,分别计算其诊断CGHD患儿的敏感度、特异度、约登(Youden)指数、准确率、阳性似然比、阴性似然比、阳性预测值、阴性预测值。采用Kappa值评价2组受试儿5种传统骨龄百分位数与对应的5种AI骨龄百分位数评价结果的一致性,以及2位医师对2组受试儿TW2CHN-RUS骨龄百分位数评价结果一致性。绘制上述10种骨龄百分位数诊断CGHD患儿的受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,并计算曲线下面积(AUC)。采用配对t检验,对2组受试儿TW2CHN骨龄与TW3骨龄进行比较。本研究遵循的程序符合2013年新修订的《世界医学协会赫尔辛基宣言》要求。2组受试儿年龄、性别构成比等一般临床资料比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结果①采用10种骨龄的Pn值分别作为诊断CGHD临界值,对133例受试儿CGHD诊断结果显示,除了TW3-RUS骨龄中,以骨龄≤P10作为诊断CGHD患儿临界值时的诊断准确率最高(85.0%),TW2CHN-RUS、TW2CHN-carpal、TW2CHN-20、TW3-carpal、AI-TW2CHN-RUS、AI-TW2CHN-carpal、AI-TW2CHN-20、AI-TW3-carpal、AI-TW3-RUS骨龄中,均为以骨龄≤P25作为临界值时,对CGHD的诊断准确率最高,分别为81.9%、75.2%、88.0%、78.2%、75.2%、73.6%、81.2%、72.9%、78.9%。②一致性检验结果显示,2组受试儿TW2CHN-RUS与AI-TW2CHN-RUS、TW2CHN-carpal与AI-TW2CHN-carpal、TW2CHN-20与AI-TW2CHN-20、TW3-RUS与AI-TW3-RUS、TW3-carpal与AI-TW3-carpal骨龄百分位数评价结果均为中等一致性,Kappa值分别为0.445、0.578、0.570、0.446、0.430(均为P<0.001)。③对2位医师对2组受试儿TW2CHN-RUS骨龄百分位数评价结果进行一致性检验显示,其Kappa值为0.790(P<0.001),一致性较高。④绘制10种骨龄百分位数评价结果诊断CGHD的ROC曲线分析结果显示,TW2CHN-RUS、TW2CHN-carpal、TW2CHN-20、TW3-carpal、TW3-RUS、AI-TW2CHN-RUS、AI-TW2CHN-carpal、AI-TW2CHN-20、AI-TW3-carpal、AI-TW3-RUS骨龄百分位数诊断CGHD患儿的AUC分别为0.932、0.859、0.915、0.895、0.844、0.823、0.805、0.866、0.860、0.764(均为P<0.001)。⑤133例受试儿的TW3-RUS、TW3-carpal、AI-TW3-RUS、AI-TW3-carpal骨龄,均分别显著低于TW2CHN-RUS、TW2CHN-carpal、AI-TW2CHN-RUS、AI-TW2CHN-carpal骨龄,并且差异均有统计学意义(t=21.746、25.287、16.498、9.290,P<0.001)。 结论TW2CHN法、TW3法对CGHD患儿骨龄评价及诊断均有临床价值,TW2CHN-RUS骨龄对于CGDH患儿诊断效能高。四川地区儿童TW3骨龄较TW2CHN骨龄低,TW3法可能不完全适用于四川地区儿童骨龄评价。AI系统对于四川地区CGHD患儿骨龄评价结果与传统骨龄评价结果具有中等一致性,可为临床医师评价受试儿骨龄提供帮助。 相似文献
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PurposeOptical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) was utilized to examine changes in ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) vascular patterns over time in individuals treated with topical medical therapy.MethodsTen individuals with OSSN diagnosed by clinical examination and high resolution (HR)-optical coherence tomography (OCT) were recruited. All individuals received topical immuno- or chemotherapy. OCTA images were obtained and analyzed at three points: presentation, mid-treatment and tumor resolution. Tumor metrics including tumor area (TA), tumor volume (TV), tumor depth (TD), and total tumor density (TTD) were calculated. Vessel area density (VAD) was also quantified within the OSSN, the subepithelium under and adjacent to the OSSN and the subepithelium of the uninvolved, contralateral eye. Vascular network changes were also subjectively evaluated.ResultsTA, TV, TD and TTD all significantly decreased with time (p < 0.001). The mean VAD within the OSSN significantly decreased (p < 0.001) between visits (presentation: 26.52 ± 6.8%, mid-treatment: 7.19 ± 5.88%, tumor resolution: 0.11 ± 0.34%). The mean subepithelial VAD under the OSSN also decreased with time (23.22 ± 11.03%, 20.99 ± 5.99% and 19.58 ± 7.08%), and after resolution the sub-tumor VAD (19.58 ± 7.08%) was comparable to the subepithelial VAD in the contralateral eye (15.47 ± 4.37%, p > 0.05). The mean VAD in the subepithelium adjacent to the OSSN increased with treatment, then decreased significantly between mid-treatment and resolution (23.26 ± 4.54, 28.30 ± 7.43% and 21.68 ± 6.10%, p = 0.009). Qualitatively, the tumor subepithelial vascular network was complex and dense but with tumor resolution appeared less tortuous and similar to the uninvolved eye.ConclusionOCTA provided insight into the pathophysiology of tumor angiogenesis, showing decreased vascular density and normalization of vascular networks associated with tumor resolution. 相似文献
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Diane Berish PhD Erica Husser PhD Jenny Knecht-Fredo MSN CRNP Jacqueline Sabol MEd George Garrow MD Judith Hupcey EdD CRNP FAAN Donna Fick RN GCNS-BC PhD FGSA FAAN 《Health services research》2023,58(Z1):78-88
Objective
To collaboratively implement the age-friendly health systems framework, known as the 4Ms: What Matters, Medication, Mentation, and Mobility, at The Primary Health Network (PHN), a federally qualified health center.Data Sources
Data were collected from PHN electronic medical records (EMRs) for individuals over age 65 from December 30, 2019 to December 24, 2021 and from Project ECHO© attendance and evaluation surveys.Study Design
The telementoring educational program, Project ECHO©, was used to engage PHN health care professionals working in rural areas of Pennsylvania to incorporate the 4Ms into their practice starting with the annual wellness visit (AWV). Project ECHO© was launched at three primary care sites. After 18 months, it was then disseminated to an additional 18 sites creating pilot and comparison groups. Outcomes included codesigned patient process metrics using EMR data and project ECHO© participant data.Data Collection Methods
EMR data were generated by system reports created by PHN's quality assurance program manager. Project ECHO© data were collected and managed using REDCap electronic data capture tools. Outcomes were aggregated, analyzed for trends over time, and compared between groups.Principal Findings
All nine process outcomes increased from baseline to follow-up at the three initial sites, ranging from 4% to 43% g. At year two, the three initial sites had higher rates on AWVs (pilot 24%, comparison 12%; p < 0.0001), Advance Care Planning (New on file, pilot 8%, comparison 2%; Discussed with patient, pilot 18%, comparison 13%; Patient declined, pilot 0%, comparison 0%; p = 0.0001), Dementia Screening (pilot 24%, comparison 12%; p < 0.0001), Fall Risk Management (pilot 43%, comparison 10%; p < 0.0001), and Mobility Goal (pilot 19%, comparison 9%; p < 0.0001); and lower rates on High-Risk Medication Elimination (pilot 54%, comparison, 63%, p < 0.02).Conclusions
Access to high-quality geriatric care for rural older adults can be improved by increasing health care professionals' knowledge of the 4Ms, beginning with its incorporation into the AWV. 相似文献6.
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《Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR》2022,33(6):631-638
PurposeTo test the following hypotheses: (a) balloon or stent assistance increases coil packing density (CPD) in the endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms, and (b) CPD correlates to ostium area (OA) and aneurysm volume (AV).Materials and MethodsThis retrospective study included 60 aneurysms (54 ruptured and 6 unruptured) treated with simple coiling (SC) (n = 18), balloon-assisted coiling (BAC) (n = 7), or stent-assisted coiling (SAC) (n = 35) at the authors’ institution between August 2017 and December 2019. AV and OA measurements were obtained from 3-dimensional digital subtraction angiography images using commercial software. Coil sizes were retrieved from patient files, and coil volume (CV) measurements were obtained from https://www.angiocalc.com/. Analysis of covariance, multivariate covariance analysis, and Pearson correlation analyses were performed.ResultsThe median value for AV, CV, CPD, and OA was 63.4 mm3 (range, 5.5–1,771.4 mm3), 23.13 mm3 (range, 2.03–296.95 mm3), 33.29% (range, 13.41%–81.02%), and 10.7 mm2 (range, 2.7–49.9 mm2), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the CPD values were not significantly different among the treatment groups, although OA significantly differed between the SC and SAC groups (P < .05). Pearson correlations showed that similar to AV, OA was negatively correlated with CPD (r = ?0.321, P < .05).ConclusionsThe CPD value in cerebral aneurysms treated with BAC or SAC did not differ from that in aneurysms treated with SC. 相似文献
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目的 运用标准化患者法评估四川农村地区基层医生不稳定型心绞痛和2型糖尿病两种慢性病诊断准确性现状,探讨基层医生两种慢性病诊断准确性的主要影响因素,为提升基层医生两种慢性病诊断准确性提供科学依据。方法 采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法,抽取四川省自贡市5个区/县50个乡镇100个村为研究现场,以调查当日在岗的全科及内科医生作为研究对象。共进行两轮数据采集,第1轮采集样本乡镇卫生院和村卫生室医生的基本信息;第1轮调查完成1个月后,运用标准化患者法开展第2轮调查,收集农村基层医生对不稳定型心绞痛和2型糖尿病诊断结果信息。运用Logistic回归分析农村基层医生不稳定型心绞痛和2型糖尿病诊断准确性的影响因素。结果 共纳入172名农村基层医生,完成186次标准化患者访问,正确诊断率为48.39%。其中不稳定型心绞痛的正确诊断率为18.68%(17/91),2型糖尿病的正确诊断率为76.84%(73/95)。Logistic回归分析显示,具有执业医师资质的农村基层医生更有可能做出正确诊断(OR=4.857,95%CI=1.076~21.933,P=0.040)。农村基层医生在诊断过程中涉及的必要问诊和检查条目越多,做出正确诊断的概率越高(OR=1.627,95%CI=1.065~2.485,P=0.024)。与不稳定型心绞痛相比,农村基层医生对2型糖尿病做出正确诊断的可能性更高(OR=6.306,95%CI=3.611~11.013,P<0.001)。结论 四川农村基层医生不稳定型心绞痛和2型糖尿病诊断准确性整体较差,建议以基层医生慢性病诊断过程质量改善为突破口,提升基层医生执业水平,进而提高慢性病诊断准确性。 相似文献
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Eileen M. Dryden PhD Meaghan A. Kennedy MD MPH Jennifer Conti MPH Jacqueline H. Boudreau MPH Chitra P. Anwar MA Kathryn Nearing PhD MA Camilla B. Pimentel PhD MPH William W. Hung MD MPH Lauren R. Moo MD 《Health services research》2023,58(Z1):26-35