基层医院护理科研论文的现状和护士长工作指导

护理作为一门独立的专业，其发展应以科学研究为基础。护理科研、论文的数量和水平是评价一个地区或单位的护理整体水平的重要指标之一。笔者通过我院10年间医院工作人员科研立项、科研论文发表交流情况及护理人员论文写作的调查，对护理科研滞后的应用进行了综合分析，认为缺乏科研意识、科研潜力不足，观行制度制约，客观条件制约是重要因素。提出改变这种状态应从学科带头人入手，详细阐述了护士长对护理科研、论文工作的指导。     

Respiratory symptoms and lung function following exposure in workers exposed to soft paper tissue dust

Summary The objective of this study was to investigate if the dust in a mill producing soft paper tissue caused respiratory symptoms or impaired respiratory function. Using a questionnaire and spirometry, 355 persons were examined. They were divided into three groups according to present exposure to dust; low (< 1 mg/m³), moderate (1–5 mg/m³) and heavy (> 5 mg/m³). There was a dose-dependent increase of symptoms from the upper respiratory tract. However, coughing and coughing with phlegm were not found to be more common among persons with heavy exposure compared to those with low exposure to the dust. There was no difference in FEV, or FVC during a work shift. Persons with long-term (> 10 years) and heavy exposure to dust seemed to have impaired respiratory function compared to those with low and/or short-term exposure to the dust.     

楮实对小鼠学习和记忆的促进作用

本试验采用食饵迷宫法和一次训练被动回避性条件反应——跳台法,观察了楮实对小鼠学习和记忆的促进作用。结果表明,楮实对正常小鼠的空间辨别学习、记忆获得有促进作用;可拮抗东莨菪碱造成的记忆获得障碍;改善氯霉素和亚硝酸钠造成的记忆巩固不良;改善30％乙醇引起的记忆再缺损,并对亚硝酸钠中毒缺氧有明显的改善作用。     

“论文式实验报告”撰写模式的教学实践

目的评估"论文式实验报告"教学模式在医学检验专业本科班中的教学效果。方法将2009级检验本科班学生随机分为实验组(28人)和对照组(27人),在《临床免疫学检验》和《临床治疗药物监测技术》教学中,实验组采用"论文式实验报告"教学模式,对照组采用传统教学模式。教学效果评价指标包括实验考核成绩、实习成绩、毕业论文和课终理论成绩等。结果实验组毕业论文成绩显著优于对照组(P<0.05),在《临床治疗药物监测技术》教学中,实验组在实验成绩、理论考试和总评成绩均优于对照组,且有显著的统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论"论文式实验报告"教学模式能在提高学生的论文写作能力和巩固理论知识等方面发挥积极作用。     

基于论文相似网络拓扑结构的聚类方法比较

以R语言中的复杂网络处理包igraph为工具,基于语义相似性算法构建论文相似网络,然后采用四种代表性网络聚类算法（随机游走法、标签传播法、最大模块度法、边介数法）对构建出的网络进行聚类分析。最后结合金标准和网络社团划分评价指标D函数比较四种算法的准确性和稳定性,发现随机游走算法最为卓越,同时明确了复杂网络的预处理也是一个影响聚类效果的重要因素。     

介入放射学研究生参与论文撰写小组教学模式的效果分析

目的初步探讨导师引导下介入放射学研究生参与期刊论文撰写小组的教学模式效果。 方法8名介入放射学研究生（4名硕士研究生、4名博士研究生）作为培养对象,另纳入2名具有丰富科研经验的医师作为培训老师,建立论文撰写小组,每两周组织一次论文撰写小组会议,针对研究生目前撰写的论文进行讨论分析,同时不定期组织研究生学习文献检索、统计学方法等论文撰写必备的相关理论知识。入组1年后分析培训结束时学术论文完成情况及质量。 结果经过论文撰写小组培训,所有研究生均可以熟练应用PubMed等数据库进行文献检索,均掌握了常见的统计学方法。1年中8名研究生均完成学术论文的撰写,3篇论文被SCI收录期刊录用,5篇论文被核心期刊录用。 结论介入放射学研究生参与论文撰写小组的教学模式有助于提高研究生论文设计、文献检索和论文撰写等科研能力,具有良好的教学效果。     

临床医学专业本科生论文写作训练的尝试

探讨在临床医学本科阶段进行初步科研素质训练和能力培养的必要性；临床医学本科生论文写作训练课程开设的经验、效果和体会。     

Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA detection in self-collected urine

OBJECTIVE: Non-invasive sampling of human genitals to identify high-risk individuals with subclinical oncogenic HPV infection remains a challenge. The study was designed to see if self-collected urine can be used as a simple, non-invasive sampling for screening HPV, particularly for screening/monitoring general population or young adolescents or infants, if they are to be immunized by HPV vaccines. METHOD: Self-collected urine samples from 100 sexually unexposed college going girls and cervical scrapes from 104 normal healthy sexually active married women were used in this study. Additionally, a group of 55 women were recruited for collecting first urine and later scraped cervical cells to validate urine sampling by directly comparing HPV positivity between the two types of biological specimens. A dry 'paper smear' method for specimen collection and a simple single tube protocol was employed for PCR detection of HPV infection. RESULTS: Out of 100 sexually inexperienced college going girls, only 6 (6%) were positive for HPV infection as revealed by L1 consensus primer and 4 (4%) of them were positive for HPV 16 but none was found positive for HPV 18 DNA. Out of 104 sexually active married women who were cytologically reported as negative by Pap test, 11 (10.5%) were found HPV positive and 7 (6.7%) of them had infection of high-risk HPV type 16. Both urine and later cervical scrapes from a group of 55 women collected as dry 'paper smear' showed perfect matching positivity for HPV between urine and cervical scrape. CONCLUSIONS: The use of urine coupled with its dry collection as 'paper smear' facilitating their easy transport, storage and direct PCR detection of HPV DNA opens up an alternative non-invasive approach for population screening of HPV infection, at least in such cases as children and infants in whom invasive samples are difficult to obtain.     

我院医学科技论文影响力的相关因素分析

目的 探讨医学科技论文影响力的相关因素。方法 采用回归分析方法，研究医院1996～2003年间1146篇科技论文的影响力及其与作者背景、论文质量等因素之间的关系。结果 影响因子、是否为基金或成果论文、作者是否入选人才培养对象、是否承担课题等9个因素与论文影响力有明显的相关性。结论 论文影响力的提高，不仅需要科研管理部门引导科技人员在高影响因子期刊上发表论文，更需要从人才培养、学位教育、项目和成果管理等方面加大力度，建立一支具有良好素质和有所作为的科技队伍。     

14种氨基酸纸层析系统的最佳选取

本文基于信息论的基本原理,应用shannon方程,采用数值分类—信息量选取法、系统差值—信息量分类法以及类平均—信息量分类法,对14种氨基酸的15种纸层析系统进行了分类,从中选取了最佳系统组合,并结合实验的实际情况进行了分析,结果表明经三种方法选取后的最佳系统组合都能比较满意地解决问题。同时还对达三种分类法进行了初步评价。