Cardioprotective effects of sinomenine in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in a rat model

BackgroundIschemia reperfusion (I/R) play an imperative role in the expansion of cardiovascular disease. Sinomenine (SM) has been exhibited to possess antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and anticarcinogenic properties. The aim of the study was scrutinized the cardioprotective effect of SM against I/R injury in rat.MethodsRat were randomly divided into normal control (NC), I/R control and I/R + SM (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg), respectively. Ventricular arrhythmias, body weight and heart weight were estimated. Antioxidant, inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory mediators and plasmin system indicator were accessed.ResultsPre-treated SM group rats exhibited the reduction in the duration and incidence of ventricular fibrillation, ventricular ectopic beat (VEB) and ventricular tachycardia along with suppression of arrhythmia score during the ischemia (30 and 120 min). SM treated rats significantly (P < 0.001) altered the level of antioxidant parameters. SM treatment significantly (P < 0.001) repressed the level of creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), creatine kinase (CK) and troponin I (Tnl). SM treated rats significantly (P < 0.001) repressed the tissue factor (TF), thromboxane B2 (TXB2), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) and plasma fibrinogen (Fbg) and inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators.ConclusionOur result clearly indicated that SM plays anti-arrhythmia effect in I/R injury in the rats via alteration of oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction.     

我国医学SCIE研究型论文被撤销的原因分析

【目的】 分析2019—2020年我国学者发表在SCIE收录期刊上的医学研究型论文撤稿原因及其特征,为更有针对性地防范我国医学领域学术不端行为发生、完善科研诚信体系提供参考。【方法】 在撤稿观察数据库(Retraction Watch Database)中检索2019—2020年撤稿的我国医学SCIE研究型论文,提取撤销论文标题、作者姓名和单位、载文期刊名称、期刊出版商、撤稿原因等信息。应用GraphPad Prism 8.3.0软件进行描述性统计分析,对撤销论文发表期刊的影响因子和撤稿率进行Spearman相关性分析。【结果】 2019—2020年,我国医学SCIE研究型论文累计撤稿479篇,撤稿原因主要为关注或问题、重复发表、研究错误等,具体撤稿理由包括数据问题、图片问题、方法与结果问题、作者无回应等。撤销论文分布于194种期刊,其中PLoS ONE、European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences、Journal of Cellular Biochemistry、OncoTargets and Therapy、Biosciences Reports居撤销论文数量前5位,Springer Nature、Elsevier和PLoS居撤销论文出版商前3位。撤销论文载文期刊影响因子与期刊撤稿率呈负相关。【结论】 我国学者发表的医学类SCIE研究型论文因数据和图片等问题而被撤稿的概率较高,应加强我国医学领域科研诚信体系建设,减少学术不端行为发生。     

早产儿早期神经运动干预研究进展

随着医疗救治水平的不断提高,早产儿的存活率明显增加,但早产常易伴发脑性瘫痪、运动和认知障碍等一系列神经发育问题,给家庭、社会带来沉重负担。生命早期大脑发育迅速,可塑性强,是进行早期运动干预的良好时机。本文就早产儿早期神经运动干预进行综述,旨在为临床医护人员对早产儿进行适宜有效的运动干预提供参考。     

增进积极体验为目标的健康干预对抑郁症病人抑郁情绪及生活质量的影响

目的:探讨增进积极体验为目标的健康干预对抑郁症病人抑郁情绪及生活质量的影响。方法:选择2019年9月—2021年3月在医院就诊的68例抑郁症病人为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组,每组34例。对照组予以常规护理,观察组在常规护理基础上予以增进积极体验为目标的健康干预。干预前后分别采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)评估病人的抑郁情绪和生活质量,同时对两组病人的护理满意度进行比较。结果:干预后观察组病人抑郁评分低于对照组(P<0.05);两组病人的生理功能、心理功能、社会功能及环境功能指标均较干预前有明显改善,且观察组评分均高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组病人对护理干预的总满意度为97.06%,高于对照组的61.76%(P<0.05)。结论:增进积极体验为目标的健康干预可明显缓解抑郁症病人的抑郁情绪,提高病人的生活质量。     

Aural tuberculosis at the start of the 21st century. Literature review according to SWiM guidelines. Part 2: Treatment

ObjectivesSystematic review of the scientific literature dedicated to treatment modalities and results for aural tuberculosis published since the start of the 21^st century.Material and methodsSearch of the Medline, Cochrane and Embase databases for the period 2000 - 2020. Selection of articles in English, French and Spanish devoted to clinical cases and series documenting treatment of auricular tuberculosis. Extraction of data on pre-established files documenting treatment modalities and results. Reading of articles by two authors. Analysis performed according to SWiM guidelines, evaluating cure, tuberculosis-related death, treatment-related complications, improvement in facial palsy, and hearing sequelae rates.ResultsOne hundred and twenty eight articles: 118 case reports (159 patients) and 10 cohorts (177 patients) from 42 countries were analyzed. Female/male sex ratio was 1.2 with ages ranging from 1 month to 87 years. Medical treatment consisted in 5 to 24 months’ antitubercular antibiotic treatment using 2 to 8 antibiotics. Mastoidectomy, tympanoplasty and facial nerve decompression were associated to medical treatment in 64.7%, 17.4% and 6.2% of cases, respectively. Overall rates of cure, death, treatment-related complications, facial sequelae and hearing sequelae were 96.8%, 2%, 9.5%, 35.8% and 75.5%. In case reports, BCG vaccination did not appear to protect against facial palsy and severe intracranial complications (P > 0.6). There was no significant correlation (P > 0.3) between death and the clinical variables tested, and facial nerve decompression did not appear to influence outcome for facial function (P = 0.4).ConclusionMedical treatment is very effective but not without risk of death, complications and sequelae. It is the same as for pulmonary tuberculosis. Indications for and benefit of major auricular surgery during medical treatment deserve further studies.     

Perivascular fat attenuation for predicting adverse cardiac events in stable patients undergoing invasive coronary angiography

BackgroundInflammation surrounding the coronary arteries can be non-invasively assessed using pericoronary adipose tissue attenuation (PCAT). While PCAT holds promise for further risk stratification of patients with low coronary artery disease (CAD) prevalence, its value in higher risk populations remains unknown.MethodsCORE320 enrolled patients referred for invasive coronary angiography with known or suspected CAD. Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) images were collected for 381 patients for whom clinical outcomes were assessed 5 years after enrollment. Using semi-automated image analysis software, PCAT was obtained and normalized for the right coronary (RCA), left anterior descending (LAD), and left circumflex arteries (LCx). The association between PCAT and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) during follow up was assessed using Cox regression models.ResultsThirty-seven patients were excluded due to technical failure. For the remaining 344 patients, median age was 62 (interquartile range, 55–68) with 59% having ≥1 coronary artery stenosis of ≥50% by quantitative coronary angiography. Mean attenuation values for PCAT in RCA, LAD, and LCx were ?74.9, ?74.2, and ?71.2, respectively. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for normalized PCAT in the RCA, LAD, and LCx for MACE were 0.96 (CI: 0.75–1.22, p ?= ?0.71), 1.31 (95% CI: 0.96–1.78, p ?= ?0.09), and 0.98 (95% CI: 0.78–1.22, p ?= ?0.84), respectively. For death, stroke, or myocardial infarction only, hazard ratios were 0.68 (0.44–1.07), 0.85 (0.56–1.29), and 0.57 (0.41–0.80), respectively.ConclusionsIn patients referred for invasive coronary angiography with suspected CAD, PCAT did not predict MACE during long term follow up. Further studies are needed to understand the relationship of PCAT with CAD risk.     

发达国家医学生器官捐献意愿研究现状的范围综述

目的了解发达国家医学生器官捐献意愿研究的目的、结果、障碍因素和解决对策。 方法以主题词和自由词联合的方式对PubMed、Web of Science、Ovid MEDLINE、Ovid EMBASE(Excerpta Medica)、EBSCOhost Complete和Cochrane Library等已发表文献数据库，以及灰色文献数据库York Centre for Reviews and Dissemination、Open Grey、ProQuest Dissertation and Theses和Mednar进行系统、全面地检索，并采用Arksey和O′Malley提出的范围综述框架进行文献资料整合。 结果共纳入17项发达国家医学生器官捐献意愿研究。研究背景主要为医学生未来对于公众器官捐献有着重要影响。研究结果表明，大多数医学生器官捐献意愿性良好，但不同亚组的研究结果不一；其最主要的障碍因素为医学生器官捐献相关知识的缺乏；解决对策主要为施予系统化、结构化和可评价的教育课程。 结论21世纪以来发达国家医学生器官捐献意愿研究方兴未艾，其研究的多层面、多角度以及揭示的问题、寻求的解决对策，可对我国现阶段医学生器官捐献的研究提供一定参考。