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目的 本研究调查新冠疫苗全面接种时期相关医务人员的职业倦怠状况,探讨个体因素以及社会支持对倦怠水平的影响。方法 在南京市12个行政区中随机抽取4个辖区的新冠疫苗集中接种点,将全部医务人员共428名作为研究对象进行问卷调查,问卷包括人口学特征、中文版职业倦怠量表和社会支持量表。结果 医务人员情感耗竭、人格解体、个人成就感降低维度得分分别为(17.99±7.89)、(7.20±3.52)和(12.07±5.30)分。多元线性回归分析结果显示,上司支持(β=-0.180, P< 0.05)、同事支持(β=-0.180, P< 0.05)为情感耗竭的保护因素,已婚、问诊岗位为情感耗竭的危险因素(β=0.161、β=0.095,P值均< 0.05),女性是人格解体的保护因素(β=-0.096,P< 0.05),亲友支持(β=-0.235, P< 0.05)是人格解体的保护因素,已婚是人格解体的危险因素(β=0.142,P< 0.05),同事支持(β=-0.168, P< 0.05)、亲友支持(β=-0.210, P< 0.05)、工龄(β=-0.154, P< 0.05)为个人成就感降低的保护因素,硕士学历是个人成就感降低的危险因素(β=0.126,P < 0.05)。结论 重视提高全方面社会支持,重点关注已婚、男性、硕士学历以及较短工龄医务人员的心理健康。 相似文献
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目的 调查贵州省结核病(TB)定点医院肺结核诊疗费用在不同医疗保障政策中的报销情况,为贵州省进一步完善TB医疗保障政策提供依据。方法 采用统一设计的调查表,对贵州省97家TB定点医院2020年肺结核诊疗费用在四种不同医疗保障政策中的报销情况进行调查,分析起付线、报销比例、封顶额等。结果 全省97家TB定点医院,门诊实施单病种包干政策的比例为38.14%(37/97);在城镇居民基本医疗保险(URBMI)、新型农村合作医疗保险(UCMS)、城乡居民基本医疗保险(城乡居)和城镇职工基本医疗保险(UEBMI)四种医疗保障政策中,门诊报销比例依次为92.86%(26/28)、100%(28/28)、81.16%(56/69)、36.08%(35/97);门诊报销比例中位数依次为50%(P25:50%,P75:57.50%)、55%(P25:50%,P75:100%)、75%(P25:45%,P75:100%)、0(P25:0,P75:72.50%);URBMI、UCMS、城乡居住院报销比例的中位数均为80%(P25:75%,P75:80%),UEBMI为85%(P25:80%,P75:90%)。医疗救助覆盖率为50.56%。结论 贵州省目前的医疗保险体系对TB的医疗费用保障水平相对有限,基本医疗保障政策对肺结核门诊诊疗费用报销覆盖面较窄,报销比例和封顶额相对较低,肺结核患者的经济负担仍较重,建议将TB纳入门诊统筹病种,切实提高TB患者医疗保障水平。 相似文献
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目的依据ISO 15189质量体系建立覆盖检验全流程的智能结构化检验知识库,满足各个医疗环节对检验知识库的需求。方法在ISO 15189质量体系下,引入检验认知计算理论,通过信息化方法实现对检验知识源的提取、挖掘,自定义知识节点,并持续对数据库信息进行更新。结果建立的智能结构化检验知识库可以从检验各业务节点采集知识,通过富文本编辑,自动生成服务手册、项目书册、项目操作规程、仪器操作规程、采集手册,再将形成的程序化文件各节点碎片化分布在实验室信息系统(LIS)中,支持工作站、移动终端对检验知识库的浏览、查阅和数据分享。结论通过建立结构化的检验知识库,将检验相关的基础信息进行分类编排,使信息和知识有序化,缩短了搜索时间,加快了知识和信息的流动,有利于检验知识的共享与交流。 相似文献
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【目的】 分析2019—2020年我国学者发表在SCIE收录期刊上的医学研究型论文撤稿原因及其特征,为更有针对性地防范我国医学领域学术不端行为发生、完善科研诚信体系提供参考。【方法】 在撤稿观察数据库(Retraction Watch Database)中检索2019—2020年撤稿的我国医学SCIE研究型论文,提取撤销论文标题、作者姓名和单位、载文期刊名称、期刊出版商、撤稿原因等信息。应用GraphPad Prism 8.3.0软件进行描述性统计分析,对撤销论文发表期刊的影响因子和撤稿率进行Spearman相关性分析。【结果】 2019—2020年,我国医学SCIE研究型论文累计撤稿479篇,撤稿原因主要为关注或问题、重复发表、研究错误等,具体撤稿理由包括数据问题、图片问题、方法与结果问题、作者无回应等。撤销论文分布于194种期刊,其中PLoS ONE、European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences、Journal of Cellular Biochemistry、OncoTargets and Therapy、Biosciences Reports居撤销论文数量前5位,Springer Nature、Elsevier和PLoS居撤销论文出版商前3位。撤销论文载文期刊影响因子与期刊撤稿率呈负相关。【结论】 我国学者发表的医学类SCIE研究型论文因数据和图片等问题而被撤稿的概率较高,应加强我国医学领域科研诚信体系建设,减少学术不端行为发生。 相似文献
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《Health & place》2022
The foodscape (the built food environment) is considered one of the driving factors of the higher burden of obesity and chronic disease observed in low socio-economic status (SES) groups. Traditional data collection methods struggle to accurately capture actual access and exposure to the foodscape (realised foodscape). We assess the use of anonymised mobile phone location data (location data) in foodscape studies by applying them to a case study in Perth, Western Australia to test the hypothesis that lower SES groups have poorer realised foodscapes than high SES groups. Kernel density estimation was used to calculate realised foodscapes of different SES groups and home foodscape typologies, which were compared to home foodscapes of the different groups. The location data enabled us to measure realised foodscapes of multiple groups over an extended period and at the city scale. Low SES groups had poor availability of food outlets, including unhealthy outlets, in their home and realised foodscapes and may be more susceptible to a poor home foodscape because of low mobility. 相似文献
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《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2022,23(8):1348-1353.e8
ObjectivesThe recently developed Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) allows ascertainment of frailty from administrative data. We aimed to compare the HFRS against the widely used FRAIL Scale and Frailty Index.DesignPopulation-based cohort study linked to Western Australian Hospital Morbidity Data Collection and Death Registrations.Setting and ParticipantsThe Health in Men Study with frailty determined at Wave 2 (2001/2004), mortality in the 1-year period following Wave 2, and disability at Wave 3 (2008). Participants were 4228 community-based men aged ≥75 years, followed until Wave 3.MeasurementsWe used multivariable regression to determine the association between each frailty measure and outcomes of length of stay (LOS), death, and disability. We also determined if the additional cases of frailty identified by one measure over the other was associated with these outcomes.ResultsOf 4228 men studied, the HFRS (n = 689) identified fewer men as frail than the FRAIL Scale (n = 1648) and Frailty Index (n = 1820). In the fully adjusted models, all 3 frailty measures were associated with longer LOS and mortality, whereas only the FRAIL Scale and Frailty Index were significantly associated with disability. The additional cases of frailty identified by the FRAIL Scale and Frailty Index had longer LOS and greater risks of death and disability. The fully adjusted hazard ratio for death among the additional cases of frailty identified by the FRAIL Scale (compared to being not frail on both HFRS and FRAIL Scale) was 2.14 (95% CI 1.48-3.08).Conclusions and ImplicationsThe HFRS is associated with adverse outcomes. However, it identified approximately 60% fewer men who were frail than the FRAIL Scale and Frailty Index, and the additional cases identified were also at high risks of adverse outcomes. Users of the HFRS should be aware of the differences with other frailty measures. 相似文献
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《European annals of otorhinolaryngology, head and neck diseases》2022,139(6):351-356
ObjectivesSystematic review of the scientific literature dedicated to treatment modalities and results for aural tuberculosis published since the start of the 21st century.Material and methodsSearch of the Medline, Cochrane and Embase databases for the period 2000 - 2020. Selection of articles in English, French and Spanish devoted to clinical cases and series documenting treatment of auricular tuberculosis. Extraction of data on pre-established files documenting treatment modalities and results. Reading of articles by two authors. Analysis performed according to SWiM guidelines, evaluating cure, tuberculosis-related death, treatment-related complications, improvement in facial palsy, and hearing sequelae rates.ResultsOne hundred and twenty eight articles: 118 case reports (159 patients) and 10 cohorts (177 patients) from 42 countries were analyzed. Female/male sex ratio was 1.2 with ages ranging from 1 month to 87 years. Medical treatment consisted in 5 to 24 months’ antitubercular antibiotic treatment using 2 to 8 antibiotics. Mastoidectomy, tympanoplasty and facial nerve decompression were associated to medical treatment in 64.7%, 17.4% and 6.2% of cases, respectively. Overall rates of cure, death, treatment-related complications, facial sequelae and hearing sequelae were 96.8%, 2%, 9.5%, 35.8% and 75.5%. In case reports, BCG vaccination did not appear to protect against facial palsy and severe intracranial complications (P > 0.6). There was no significant correlation (P > 0.3) between death and the clinical variables tested, and facial nerve decompression did not appear to influence outcome for facial function (P = 0.4).ConclusionMedical treatment is very effective but not without risk of death, complications and sequelae. It is the same as for pulmonary tuberculosis. Indications for and benefit of major auricular surgery during medical treatment deserve further studies. 相似文献