There is a difference in functional ankle stability between different types of footwear in male athletes: A cross-sectional study

ContextLateral ankle sprains (LAS) are among the most common injuries in sports, with a poor long – term prognosis due to high chronicity and recurrence rates. Chronic ankle instability (CAI) results up to 40% of people that endured a first – time LAS.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare ankle stability between groups characterised by the use of different types of footwear during their sport activities.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingFirm training surface, local sport clubs.ParticipantsFifty - one male subjects were recruited, distributed in four groups based on the type of footwear they use during their sport activities.Main outcome measuresAll subjects performed four clinical ankle stability tests, and completed the Dutch version of the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT) and Profile of Mood States (POMS). All clinical ankle stability tests were performed barefoot.ResultsSubjects performing their sport activities barefoot scored better than subjects performing their sport with shoes at the multiple hop test (p = .002 to .047) and executed the figure–of–8 hop test significantly faster than subjects with submalleolar ankle support (AS) (p = .019). Subjects with submalleolar AS and studs showed significantly better results than subjects with supramalleolar AS on the CAIT– score (p = .024, p = .030) and the side– hop test (p = .050, p = .045). They also scored significantly better than subjects with submalleolar AS for the side – hop test (p = .032), foot – lift test (p = .019) and figure–of 8 hop test (p = .011).ConclusionBarefoot sports performing subjects appear to have better ankle stability compared to subjects performing their sports with shoe support. Subjects performing sports with high AS appear to have worst ankle stability.Level of evidence: Level III, Cross–sectional study.     

缝合锚钉在踝关节骨折合并三角韧带完全断裂修复中的应用

【目的】探讨缝合锚钉在踝关节骨折合并三角韧带完全断裂修复中的临床应用价值。【方法】回顾性分析本院2015年1月至2020年1月收治的69例踝关节骨折合并三角韧带完全断裂患者的临床资料。按患者手术中是否应用缝合锚钉修复三角韧带深层,将其分为修复组(36例)和未修复组(33例)。对比两组术后1个月、术后6个月内侧间隙(MCS)、美国足踝外科协会踩后足评分(AOFAS)及疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)变化以及术后6个月踝关节活动度,评价两组临床疗效与安全性。【结果】两组术后6个月AOFAS评分均较术后1个月升高,VAS评分均较术后1个月下降,且修复组术后1个月、术后6个月MCS、VAS评分均低于未修复组,AOFAS评分高于未修复组;术后6个月,修复组踝关节趾屈、背伸角度均大于未修复组,临床优良率高于未修复组(86.11%vs 69.70%),其差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。修复组术后并发症发生率为2.78%,低于未修复组的21.21%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。【结论】缝合锚钉修复三角韧带深层能够促进踝关节骨折合并三角韧带完全撕裂患者术后踝关节功能恢复、减轻术后疼痛,降低术后复位不良等并发症风险,具有较好的临床应用价值。     

The fatality and morbidity components of the value of statistical life

The fatality risk–money tradeoff that is the value of a statistical life (VSL) may vary with the nature of the fatality event. While all fatalities involve loss of future life expectancy, the morbidity effects and their duration may differ. This article analyzes fatality risks accompanied by morbidity effects of different duration to disentangle the mortality and morbidity components of VSL using data from the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI). The VSL is comprised of the sum of the value of the fatality risk and the value of the morbidity risk. Labor market valuations of morbidity risks are positive, even for fatalities that are caused by traumatic injuries. The value of the fatality risk is the dominant component of VSL, rather than the value of the morbidity risk.     

Factors affecting orthosis adherence after acute traumatic hand tendon repairs: A prospective cohort study

IntroductionCustom-made orthoses are used to prevent contractures and reinjury of tissues such as tendon rupture after traumatic tendon repairs. Despite their wide usage in hand rehabilitation, orthosis adherence is usually an overlooked problem.Purpose of the StudyThis study aims to evaluate the possible factors affecting the orthosis adherence in patients with acute traumatic tendon repairs.Study DesignThis is a prospective cohort study.MethodsTwo hundred twelve patients with acute traumatic hand tendon repair were included in this prospective cohort study. Patients were evaluated on the third day postoperatively and at three weeks. All patients were told to wear their orthosis 24 h a day for three weeks and allowed to take it off to wash the hand carefully once a day. Adherence was measured as fully adherent, partially adherent, and nonadherent. Factors that may affect orthosis adherence were evaluated according to the five dimensions of the multidimensional adherence model including socioeconomic, condition-related, treatment-related, patient-related, and health-care system–related factors. The Modified Hand Injury Severity Scale was used to assess the severity of the injury. Depression and anxiety symptoms were evaluated with the Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory. A multivariate logistic regression model was constructed for orthosis adherence.ResultsOne hundred thirty-three patients were analyzed. Forty-four (33.1%) patients were fully adherent with the prescribed orthosis, whereas 67 (50.4%) were partially adherent and 22 (16.5%) were nonadherent. Higher depression symptoms caused orthosis nonadherence [odds ratio = 1.2 (95% confidence interval = 1.1-1.3), P = .001] and partial adherence [odds ratio = 1.1 (95% confidence interval = 1.0-1.2), P = .01].ConclusionsAmong our patients with acute traumatic tendon repair, only one-third of the patients were fully adherent with the orthosis wear program. Depression in the very acute period of injury impaired orthosis adherence.     

Abordaje y manejo de las lesiones retroperitoneales traumáticas

Traumatic retroperitoneal injuries constitute a challenge for trauma surgeons. They usually occur in the context of a trauma patient with multiple associated injuries, in whom invasive procedures have an important role in the diagnosis of these injuries. The retroperitoneum is the anatomical region with the highest mortality rates, therefore early diagnosis and treatment of these lesions acquire special relevance. The aim of this study is to present current published scientific evidence regarding incidence, mechanism of injury, diagnostic methods and treatment through a review of the international literature from the last 70 years. In conclusion, this systematic review showed an increasing trend towards non-surgical management of retroperitoneal injuries.