藏汉民族线粒体基因组全序列的比较研究

目的 以藏汉民族线粒体基因组全序列为基础,进行Haplogroup构建和系统发生分析,在全序列水平上比较核苷酸的变异,阐释可能的变异机制和蕴含的生物学意义.方法 采用Applied Biosystems 3730DNA自动测序仪分别对40名藏族和50名汉族的标本进行线粒体DNA序列测定,应用phredPhrap 16.0软件进行全序列拼接,并以rCRS(revised Cambridge Reference Sequence)为标准与测定序列进行比对分析;根据MTTO-MAP的标准,通过Network方法进行Haplogroup构建和系统发生的分析,并结合其它方法对产生的数据进行深入解读.结果 数据分析结果显示:在系统发生上,藏汉民族90个线粒体DNA序列归类到13个Haplogroups,除M9以外,其它各Haplogroup出现频率之间比较差异无统计学意义;通过两个民族的线粒体DNA全序列比对,发现21个分布频率有统计学意义的变异位点,其中的5个为新变异位点;另外,对D-Loop区的5个突变位点进行了单倍型构建,90个标本可分为2种Supertype,发现在藏汉民族之间Supertypel和Supertype 2的分布频率均有统计学意义.结论 藏汉民族在种族起源和系统发生上具有较近的母系遗传关系;在全序列有统计学意义的位点究竟是适应性或者中性选择,抑或是一种病理性突变尚需深入的探讨.     

Anxiety management training and anger control for type A individuals

The present study sought to explore whether training Type A coronary-prone individuals in stress management would result in a diminution of Type A behaviors. The effectiveness of a single-method approach that focused specifically on anger management was tested. Results showed that the treatment, a modified version of Suinn's Anxiety Management Training, was associated with significant reductions in Type A inventory (Jenkins Activity Survey) scores. Two possible explanations for the results were entertained. First, Type A subjects may have experienced a sense of increased control over potentially threatening person-environment transactions which decreased the need for Type A coping behaviors. And second, the program may have caused Type A subjects to become hypersensitive to the uncomfortable symptoms of stress, and since some Type A behaviors induce stress, Type B behavior may have been negatively reinforced by symptom reduction. It was concluded that the most promising therapeutic target for change may be anger/hostility and that a narrow-focus single-method approach may be the most efficient and effective strategy for modifying coronary-prone behaviors.     

Tulle-gras dressings

Tulle-gras backed with a soluble polyvinyl alcohol film has been compared with standard tulle-gras to treat patients with minor burns. The new material although less comformable to body contours offered the advantages of decreased dressing time and improved patient comfort. No adverse effects were observed on wound flora or healing rate.     

福耳心痛散对正常家猫心功能的影响

目的：观察福耳心痛散对正常家猫心功能的影响。方法：用ASU－DIC型彩色多普勒超声诊断仪观察测定给药前后家猫心功能。结果：福耳心痛散有明显增加正常家猫射血分数,每分心输量,左心室舒张末期容积的作用。结论：福耳心痛散有明显改善正常猫心功能的作用。     

Description of the Phenotypes of 63 Heterozygous,Homozygous and Compound Heterozygous Patients Carrying the Hb Groene Hart [α119(H2)Pro→Ser; HBA1: c.358C>T] Variant

We here report the phenotypes and genotypes of 63 patients of North African origin, carriers of Hb Groene Hart [Hb GH, α119(H2)Pro?→?Ser; HBA1: c.358C>T], an α⁺-thalassemia (α⁺-thal) hemoglobin (Hb) variant. Fifty patients were heterozygous, five were homozygous and eight also carried the common ?α^3.7 (rightward) deletion in compound heterozygosity. The expression of the α^GH-globin chain is increased in the following order: heterozygous, compound heterozygous and homozygous. Parallel significant changes of mean corpuscular Hb (MCH) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) were also observed. Our large cohort of Hb GH carriers could have been obtained by the systematic realization of globin chain separation by reversed phase liquid chromatography (RP-LC) in our routine Hb testing.     

新疆哈萨克族、维吾尔族和汉族农村居民超重、肥胖流行病学调查

目的 分析新疆哈萨克(哈)族、维吾尔(维)族和汉族农村居民超重、肥胖及腹型肥胖流行现状和分布特点,为该地区不同民族肥胖的防治提供理论依据。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取调查现场年龄≥1 8岁哈族、维族及汉族常住居民1l 377人进行问卷调查和体格检查,分析并比较3个民族人群超重、肥胖及腹型肥胖患病率。结果哈族、维族和汉族人群超重率分别为27.8%、24.5%和40.3%,肥胖率分别为17.9%、11.5%和13.7%,腹型肥胖患病率分别为58.0%、53.9%和59.9%,汉族人群超重和腹型肥胖患病率最高,哈族肥胖率最高(P值均P值均<0.05),3个民族人群肥胖和维族腹型肥胖患病率均为女性高于男性(P值均<0.01);3个民族超重、肥胖和腹型肥胖患病率均随年龄增加呈现递增趋势,且男女性各年龄段人群腹型肥胖患病率均高于同年龄段超重及肥胖患病率。结论新疆农村地区哈族和维族是肥胖和腹型肥胖高发人群,汉族是超重高发人群,且3种患病率存在民族、年龄及性别差异,腹型肥胖患病率均高于全国水平。     

四川汉族人群Y染色体单倍组及其特点的研究

目的建立四川汉族人群Y染色体单倍组的分布资料。方法应用PCR-限制性片段长度多态性、变性高效液相色谱技术、DNA测序方法对341份四川汉族男性标本Y染色体18个二态位点进行基因分型。结果共观察到14个Y染色体单倍组,其中H2、H4单倍组在四川汉族中被首次证实,N＊、H14单倍组为中国人群首次报道。四川汉族人群Y染色体单倍组分布频率与已报道的中国南方汉族人群相比差异具有统计学意义。结论该研究获得了更为准确的四川汉族人群的Y染色体单倍组分布频率,为生精障碍、前列腺癌和睾丸癌等男性特异性疾病的Y连锁遗传因素研究奠定了基础。     

Pancreaticojejunostomy. Report of a 25 year experience

Surgical therapy for 88 patients operated on between 1958 and 1982 has been reviewed. Ninety-three operative procedures were performed including pancreaticojejunostomy in 56, pancreaticocystojejunostomy in 12, pancreaticojejunostomy with resection of less than 10 percent of the pancreas in 16, and pancreaticojejunostomy with resection of more than 50 percent of the pancreas in 9. Operative mortality was 7.5 percent and operative morbidity was 25 percent. Overall, 63 percent of the patients had an excellent or good result in the postoperative follow-up period which averaged 4 years. In the nonalcohol-induced pancreatitis group, ductal diameter was a good predictor of postoperative success, whereas in the alcoholic patient population, abstinence from further alcohol intake was a more accurate predictor of the success of pancreatic drainage.     

儿童血压和心率近日节律的特征

目的研究儿童血压和心率近日节律的特征。方法连续48小时检测儿童的血压和心率，通过余弦法分析其近日节律特点。结果儿童的收缩压、舒张压和心率呈现明显的近日节律：男性儿童和女性儿童收缩压、舒张压和心率的近日节律特征，如中值、振幅男女不同而位相没有明显差别：儿童收缩压、舒张压和心率的中值和振幅与年龄呈正相关，而心率则呈负相关。结论儿童的心血管系统功能呈现近日节律，并与年龄相关。