首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   408篇
  免费   19篇
  国内免费   3篇
耳鼻咽喉   7篇
儿科学   13篇
妇产科学   5篇
基础医学   54篇
口腔科学   7篇
临床医学   23篇
内科学   58篇
皮肤病学   10篇
神经病学   54篇
特种医学   10篇
外科学   45篇
综合类   19篇
预防医学   78篇
眼科学   2篇
药学   23篇
中国医学   6篇
肿瘤学   16篇
  2024年   1篇
  2023年   7篇
  2022年   10篇
  2021年   12篇
  2020年   12篇
  2019年   33篇
  2018年   29篇
  2017年   18篇
  2016年   7篇
  2015年   11篇
  2014年   20篇
  2013年   32篇
  2012年   18篇
  2011年   12篇
  2010年   19篇
  2009年   22篇
  2008年   18篇
  2007年   17篇
  2006年   16篇
  2005年   15篇
  2004年   10篇
  2003年   8篇
  2002年   10篇
  2001年   8篇
  2000年   8篇
  1999年   6篇
  1998年   6篇
  1997年   6篇
  1996年   1篇
  1995年   3篇
  1994年   4篇
  1992年   1篇
  1991年   2篇
  1987年   1篇
  1985年   1篇
  1984年   4篇
  1983年   3篇
  1982年   3篇
  1981年   4篇
  1980年   2篇
  1979年   2篇
  1978年   3篇
  1976年   4篇
  1975年   1篇
排序方式: 共有430条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
F. Daschner  H. Rüden 《Der Chirurg》1997,68(9):941-944
Zusammenfassung. Viele Hygienema?nahmen in Operationsabteilungen sind durch wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen nicht belegt. Die in dieser Arbeit vom Nationalen Referenzzentrum für Krankenhaushygiene, das 1996 vom Bundesgesundheitsministerium eingerichtet wurde, zusammengestellten Empfehlungen stützen sich auf die Ergebnisse wissenschaftlicher Untersuchungen und trennen so die unbedingt notwendigen von den weniger bzw. nicht sinnvollen Ma?nahmen.
Summary. Many hygienic procedures performed in operation units are not supported by scientific investigations. The following recommendations by the National Reference Center for Hospital Epidemiology, founded by the German Ministry of Health in 1996, are based on the scientific literature and separate necessary from less necessary and unnecessary procedures.
  相似文献   
2.
Haemophilia A is a X‐linked bleeding disorder, caused by deficiency in the activity of coagulation factor VIII due to mutations in the corresponding gene. The most common defect in patients is an inversion of the factor VIII gene that accounts for nearly 45% of individuals with severe hemophilia A. Point mutations and small deletions/insertions are responsible for the majority of cases with moderate to mild clinical course and for half of the severe hemophilia A occurrences. The majority of these mutations are “private”, because of the high mutation rate for this particular gene. We report on eleven pathological changes in the factor VIII sequence detected in male patients with haemophilia A or in female obligate carriers. Seven of these mutations are novel [E204N, E265X, M320T, F436C, S535C, N2129M and R2307P] and four have been previously identified [V162M, R527W, R1966X, and R2159C]. Genotype‐phenotype correlations and computer prediction analysis on the effect of missense mutations on the secondary structure of the factor VIII protein are performed and the relationships evaluated. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.  相似文献   
3.
Haemophilia A is a X‐linked bleeding disorder, caused by deficiency in the activity of coagulation factor VIII due to mutations in the corresponding gene. The most common defect in patients is an inversion of the factor VIII gene that accounts for nearly 45% of individuals with severe hemophilia A. Point mutations and small deletions/insertions are responsible for the majority of cases with moderate to mild clinical course and for half of the severe hemophilia A occurrences. The majority of these mutations are “private”, because of the high mutation rate for this particular gene. We report on eleven pathological changes in the factor VIII sequence detected in male patients with haemophilia A or in female obligate carriers. Seven of these mutations are novel [E204N, E265X, M320T, F436C, S535C, N2129M and R2307P] and four have been previously identified [V162M, R527W, R1966X, and R2159C]. Genotype‐phenotype correlations and computer prediction analysis on the effect of missense mutations on the secondary structure of the factor VIII protein are performed and the relationships evaluated. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.  相似文献   
4.
目的 对无锡市德国小蠊的抗性和抗性消退研究;探讨进行综合防制的措施。方法 抗性和抗性消退测定采用药膜接触法。结果 无锡市德国小蠊对高效氯氰菊酯、敌敌畏已产生较高程度的抗性,对残杀威、溴氰菊酯和氯菊酯敏感性亦有所减弱;拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂抗性消退速度较有机磷、氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂抗性消退速度快;采用堵洞抹缝、清除垃圾等环境治理措施,选择合理的杀虫用药及剂型进行杀灭和巩固,可基本控制德国小蠊的侵害和孳生。结果 无锡市德国小蠊对某些杀虫剂抗性已较高,应注意合理选择杀虫剂,交替用药、混配用药;选择合理的用药及剂型进行化学防治辅以彻底的环境治理措施是对德国小蠊进行综合防制的关键。  相似文献   
5.
Diminished availability of facilities for renal replacementtherapy is known to cause spuriously low acceptance and treatmentrates. In this context the evolution of renal replacement therapyin the former German Democratic Republic is a useful model tostudy and to quantify some of the relevant factors. We performed a survey in all dialysis units for adults in EastGermany (excluding East Berlin) by questionnaire, achievinga response rate of 97%. From December 1989 to December 1992the number of dialysis centres increased from 53 to 96 (+81%),reaching 6.7 centres p.m.p. Of these facilities, 45% were hospitalunits, 29% private units, and 26% dialysis units run by non-profithealth care organizations. The number of dialysis stations forregular dialysis treatment increased from 602 to 1276 (+112%),i.e. 89 stations p.m.p. In parallel, the number of chronic dialysispatients increased from 2127 to 3848 (+81%), i.e. 267 patientsp.m.p. A more detailed survey was carried out in Thüringen andpart of Sachsen, in a region covering 5 million inhabitants.The acceptance rate for chronic dialysis treatment has increasedfrom 49 to 107 patients p.m.p. (+115%). The average age of newpatients increased from 49 to 59 years, the proportion of patientsaged 65 years increased from 16 to 42% and the proportion ofdiabetics from 13 to 35%. Introduction of alternative treatmentmodalities became possible, with 2.3% of the patients receivinghaemofiltrations and 3% CAPD. The proportion of HBs-antigen-positivepatients decreased from 14.2% to 5%. At the end of 1989 in the former GDR (excluding East Berlin),773 patients and, at the end of 1992, 1153 patients were alivewith functioning renal transplants (+49%). The annual rate oftransplantations was 254 in 1989, and 283 in 1992 (+11%), i.e.18 transplantations p.m.p. (including East Berlin). At the end of 1989 2900 patients (193 p.m.p.), and at the endof 1992 5001 patients (347 p.m.p.), werealive on renal replacementtherapy (dialysis or functioning renal transplant) in East Germany,excluding East Berlin; this represents a 72% increase. The figures in East Germany are now almost equivalent to thosein West Germany regarding the number of admissions (incidence),whereas the number of patients on renal replacement therapyis still lower (prevalence).  相似文献   
6.
《Vaccine》2021,39(51):7387-7393
BackgroundIn 2015, the German Standing Committee on Vaccination (STIKO) changed the pneumococcal conjugate vaccination (PCV) schedule for mature infants from a 3+1 scheme (2, 3, 4, and 11–14 months of age) to a 2+1 scheme (2, 4, and 11–14 months of age). For premature infants, the 3+1 scheme remained. The aim of this study was to assess vaccination rates, completeness, and timeliness for PCV in premature infants before and after the modified recommendation.MethodsA retrospective claims data analysis using the “Institut für angewandte Gesundheitsforschung Berlin” Research Database was conducted. Premature infants born in 2013 and 2016 with an individual follow-up of 24 months were included. Hexavalent combination (HEXA) vaccination with a consistent 3+1 recommendation for mature and premature infants was analyzed as reference vaccination.ResultsAfter 24 months, the PCV rate for at least one dose remained stable in premature newborns of 2016 compared to 2013, while the HEXA vaccination rate increased slightly. However, a significant decrease of a completed PCV schedule (4 doses) in premature infants was noted, whereas the completeness of HEXA vaccination did not change. The timeliness of PCV in premature newborns increased for the first and the booster PCV, while the timeliness of HEXA immunization did not change from 2013 to 2016.ConclusionAlthough STIKO still recommends a 3+1 PCV schedule for premature infants in Germany, premature infants were vaccinated according to the changed recommendations for mature born infants. A substantial share of premature infants remained unvaccinated, and their vaccinations were often delayed.  相似文献   
7.
《Public Health Forum》2014,22(3):17.e1-17.e3
Needlestick injuries are common in healthcare workers. Due to European directive 32/2010/EU all member states had to implement new rules on the prevention of needlestick injuries. Setting into law the new technical rule on biohazards in the healthcare sector (TRBA 250) end of march based on the German order on biosafety (Biostoffverordnung) the implementation in Germany is complete: Today the use of safety devices is mandatory for nearly all risky procedures, healthcare workers are sheltered best from the risk of needlesticks now.  相似文献   
8.
Many competitive health insurance markets adjust payments to participating health plans according to their enrollees’ risk − including based on diagnostic information. We investigate responses of German health plans to the introduction of morbidity-based risk adjustment in the Statutory Health Insurance in 2009, which triggers payments based on “validated” diagnoses by providers. Using the regulator’s data from office-based physicians, we estimate a difference-in-difference analysis of the change in the share and number of validated diagnoses for ICD codes that are inside or outside the risk adjustment but are otherwise similar. We find a differential increase in the share of validated diagnoses of 2.6 and 3.6 percentage points (3–4%) between 2008 and 2013. This increase appears to originate from both a shift from not-validated toward validated diagnoses and an increase in the number of such diagnoses. Overall, our results indicate that plans were successful in influencing physicians’ coding practices in a way that could lead to higher payments.  相似文献   
9.
Since 2013, highly virulent porcine epidemic diarrhea virus has caused considerable economic losses in the United States. To determine the relation of US strains to those recently causing disease in Germany, we compared genomes and found that the strain from Germany is closely related to variants in the United States.  相似文献   
10.
Chemotherapy-treated patients with advanced Hodgkins disease (HD) differ considerably in acute hematotoxicity. Hematotoxicity may be indicative of pharmacological and metabolic heterogeneity. We hypothesized that low hematotoxicity might correlate with reduced systemic dose and thus reduced disease control. A total of 266 patients with advanced HD treated with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, prednisone, doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (COPP-ABVD) were analyzed (HD6 trial of the German Hodgkins Lymphoma Study Group). The reported WHO grade of leukocytopenia was averaged over chemotherapy cycles given and weighted with the reciprocal dose intensity of the corresponding cycle. The low and high toxicity groups were defined in retrospect as having had an averaged WHO grade of leukocytopenia 2.1 and >2.1, respectively. The independent impact of low hematological toxicity on freedom from treatment failure (FFTF) was assessed multivariately adjusting for the international prognostic score for advanced HD. The results were validated in two independent cohorts [181 patients treated with COPP-ABVD (HD9-trial) and 250 patients treated with COPP-ABV-ifosfamide, methotrexate, etoposide, and prednisone (IMEP) (HD6 trial)]. The 5-year FFTF rates were 68% for patients with high toxicity vs 47% for patients with low toxicity [multivariate relative risk (RR) 2.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4–3.0, p=0.0002]. Patients with low toxicity received significantly higher nominal dose (p=0.02) and dose intensity (p<0.0001). This finding was confirmed in both validation cohorts (multivariate RR 2.1, 95% CI 1.2–3.8, p=0.01 and RR 1.5, 95% CI 1.01–2.26, p=0.04, respectively). Patients with low hematotoxicity have significantly higher failure rates despite higher doses and dose intensity. Hematotoxicity is an independent prognostic factor for treatment outcome. This observation suggests a strategy of individualized dosing adapted to hematotoxicity.The authors listed above wrote this contribution on behalf of the German Hodgkins Lymphoma Study Group  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号