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1.
目的 探讨耳穴贴压对腹部术后胃肠功能紊乱家兔模型的作用机制,为耳穴贴压治疗腹部术后胃肠功能紊乱提供参考。 方法 将30只SD清洁型家兔采用随机数字表法分为空白组、模型组、耳穴组各10只。耳穴组于造模成功后耳穴贴压胃、大肠、耳中穴,每日按压3次,每次每穴30 s,连续干预7 d;模型组进行造模手术未进行耳穴贴压;空白组不给予任何处理。 结果 耳穴组术后首次排便时间及肠鸣音恢复时间显著早于模型组(均P<0.05)。三组术后6 h、3 d及7 d血清皮质醇浓度的干预效应、时间效应、交互效应显著,模型组及耳穴组术后6 h及3 d血清皮质醇浓度显著高于空白组,且术后3 d耳穴组显著低于模型组(均P<0.05)。干预后,三组小肠推进率、C-kit蛋白阳性表达、iNOS活性有显著差异,其中耳穴组、空白组小肠推进率、C-kit蛋白阳性表达显著高于模型组,但iNOS活性显著低于模型组,耳穴组的C-kit蛋白阳性表达显著低于空白组(均P<0.05)。 结论 耳穴贴压可缩短腹部术后家兔首次排便及肠鸣音恢复时间,降低血清皮质醇浓度及应激反应,有助于提升小肠推进率及结肠组织中C-kit蛋白阳性表达,促进腹部术后胃肠蠕动恢复。  相似文献   
2.
[目的]比较药品零差率政策实施前后D市某三甲医院住院患者费用变化情况,分析政策改革对患者住院费用的影响,为减轻住院患者医疗费用负担和进一步深化医疗体制改革提供科学依据。[方法]收集、整理D市某三甲医院2016-2019年住院患者资料,并用Excel对患者住院数据进行描述性统计学分析。在Stata 16中应用中断时间序列模型重点分析人均药品费用变化。[结果]药品零差率政策实施后,患者人均药品费用降低554.521元,患者住院费用中其他费用(32.73%)取代药品费(25%)成为住院费用中占比最大的费用。护理费增长率(135.15%)居首位,床位费、诊断费及化验费均有不同水平涨幅。治疗费及手术费呈下降趋势。[结论]住院患者人均药品费用明显下降,住院费用结构趋于合理,但住院费用仍然居高不下。  相似文献   
3.
In the present study, we aimed to observe the effects of ethanol extract of Oxalis corniculata L. on bleeding time (BT) and coagulation time (CT) and determine its acute toxicity in mice. Firstly, the ethanol extract of O. corniculata was administered to 40 mice, which were randomly divided into the normal control group, Yunnan Baiyao control group, low-dose group, and high-dose group. The low-dose (0.6 g/kg) and high-dose (1.2 g/kg) groups received ethanol extract of O. corniculata by gavage, and the BT and CT of the mice were measured by the slide method and tail clipping method, respectively. Secondly, the median lethal dose method was used with 50 mice to observe the physiological state, poisoning reaction, and death of the mice after intragastric administration. Finally, on the 14th day of the experiment, a necropsy was performed to observe any abnormality of the organs. In conclusion, in the coagulation and hemostasis tests, there were no statistical differences between the groups (P > 0.05), while there was a significant dose-response relationship, and the BT and CT were significantly shorter than those of the negative control group, which were comparable to the Yunnan Baiyao control group. Moreover, in the acute toxicity test, the median lethal dose of ethanol extract of O. corniculata was 6.0291 g/kg, with a 95% confidence interval of 5.3065–6.7829 mg/kg.  相似文献   
4.
PurposeTo investigate the pharmacokinetics (PK) and early effects of conventional transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) using sorafenib and doxorubicin on tumor necrosis, hypoxia markers, and angiogenesis in a rabbit VX2 liver tumor model.Materials and MethodsVX2 tumor-laden New Zealand White rabbits (N = 16) were divided into 2 groups: 1 group was treated with hepatic arterial administration of ethiodized oil and doxorubicin emulsion (DOX-TACE), and the other group was treated with ethiodized oil, sorafenib, and doxorubicin emulsion (SORA-DOX-TACE). Animals were killed within 3 days of the procedure. Levels of sorafenib and doxorubicin were measured in blood, tumor, and adjacent liver using mass spectrometry. Tumor necrosis was determined by histopathological examination. Intratumoral hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) 1α, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and microvessel density (MVD) were determined by immunohistochemistry.ResultsThe median intratumoral concentration of sorafenib in the SORA-DOX-TACE group was 17.7 μg/mL (interquartile range [IQR], 7.42–33.5 μg/mL), and its maximal plasma concentration (Cmax) was 0.164 μg/mL (IQR, 0.0798–0.528 μg/mL). The intratumoral concentration and Cmax of doxorubicin were similar between the groups: 4.08 μg/mL (IQR, 3.18–4.79 μg/mL) and 0.677 μg/mL (IQR, 0.315–1.23 μg/mL), respectively, in the DOX-TACE group and 1.68 μg/mL (IQR, 0.795–4.08 μg/mL) and 0.298 μg/mL (IQR, 0.241–0.64 μg/mL), respectively, in the SORA-DOX-TACE group. HIF-1α expression was increased in the SORA-DOX-TACE group than in the DOX-TACE group. Tumor volume, tumor necrosis, VEGF expression, and MVD were similar between the 2 groups.ConclusionsThe addition of sorafenib to DOX-TACE delivered to VX2 liver tumors resulted in high intratumoral and low systemic concentrations of sorafenib without altering the PK of doxorubicin.  相似文献   
5.
Catheter ablation is currently the only curative treatment for scar-related ventricular tachycardias (VTs). However, not only are ablation procedures long, with relatively high risk, but success rates are punitively low, with frequent VT recurrence. Personalized in-silico approaches have the opportunity to address these limitations. However, state-of-the-art reaction diffusion (R-D) simulations of VT induction and subsequent circuits used for in-silico ablation target identification require long execution times, along with vast computational resources, which are incompatible with the clinical workflow. Here, we present the Virtual Induction and Treatment of Arrhythmias (VITA), a novel, rapid and fully automated computational approach that uses reaction-Eikonal methodology to induce VT and identify subsequent ablation targets. The rationale for VITA is based on finding isosurfaces associated with an activation wavefront that splits in the ventricles due to the presence of an isolated isthmus of conduction within the scar; once identified, each isthmus may be assessed for their vulnerability to sustain a reentrant circuit, and the corresponding exit site automatically identified for potential ablation targeting. VITA was tested on a virtual cohort of 7 post-infarcted porcine hearts and the results compared to R-D simulations. Using only a standard desktop machine, VITA could detect all scar-related VTs, simulating activation time maps and ECGs (for clinical comparison) as well as computing ablation targets in 48 minutes. The comparable VTs probed by the R-D simulations took 68.5 hours on 256 cores of high-performance computing infrastructure. The set of lesions computed by VITA was shown to render the ventricular model VT-free. VITA could be used in near real-time as a complementary modality aiding in clinical decision-making in the treatment of post-infarction VTs.  相似文献   
6.
Dengue virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 coexist in dengue-endemic countries; therefore, the adoption of preventive measures is essential to control the spread of both viruses. We conducted an ecological study to compare the temporal patterns of the incidence of dengue before and during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Peru. A time-series analysis comparing the incidence of dengue using a Student's t test with variance correction was performed. Poisson regression was applied to determine the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of dengue before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The incidence of dengue was found to be increased in all endemic regions of Peru during the COVID-19 pandemic, with the highest incidences registered in Ica (IRR = 90.14), Huánuco (IRR = 38.6), and Ucayali (IRR = 23.78), with the exception of Piura (IRR = 0.83). The highest increases in the number of dengue cases per million inhabitants were in Ucayali (393.38), Tumbes (233.19), Ica (166.08), and Loreto (129.93). The gradient of dengue cases was positive in all endemic regions during the COVID-19 pandemic. The number of dengue cases per million increased during the COVID-19 pandemic throughout Peru and in several endemic regions, with the exception of Piura.  相似文献   
7.
《Cancer radiothérapie》2022,26(4):611-615
In order to provide more convenient irradiation regimens for patient comfort, radiation facility organization and health expenses, new hypofractionated protocols have been evaluated. Moderately (dose/fraction: 2.3 to 3 Gy), then ultra (dose/fraction: 5.2 to 6.1 Gy) hypofractionated irradiations were first validated. The current question is: is it possible to go forward using extreme hypofractionated regimens (EHR) based on 1 to 3 fractions. Different irradiation techniques are under investigation. However, brachytherapy remains the smartest way to deliver a high dose in a small volume. We report prospective and retrospective study results which evaluated EHR for breast and prostate brachytherapy. While oncological outcome and toxicity profile appear extremely encouraging for low-risk breast cancer after a 1 to 4 fractions (6.25 to 20 Gy/fraction), the use of a single fraction of 19 to 23 Gy appears debatable for prostate cancer. Brachytherapy represents an emblematic example of EHR but longer follow-up and more mature results are awaited in order to specify the right indications and refine the EQD2 calculation method including new biological and technical factors.  相似文献   
8.
PurposeGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumor. Moreover, GBM recurs in nearly all patients. Although a standard STUPP protocol has been widely used for newly diagnosed GBM, no standard regimen has been established for recurrent patients. Here we evaluated the clinical value of recurrent GBM reoperation by comparing overall survival and quality of life (QoL) in patients with recurrent GBM undergoing repeat surgery or conservative treatment.MethodsThis was a prospective study of 165 patients with GBM receiving first operations for their disease between 2011 and 2013 at two tertiary neurosurgery centers in Poland. Thirty-five eligible patients were re-operated for recurrence (the study group), and 35 patients were selected as the control group using propensity score matching. A model was created to determine advantageous prognostic factors for longer survival of patients qualifying for reoperation using stepwise linear regression.ResultsThe mean overall survival of patients undergoing repeat surgery was 528 days compared to 297 days in patients who did not undergo repeat surgery. Reoperation did not result in a significant deterioration in performance status as measured by the Karnofsky Performance Scale. Older age, the presence of symptoms of increased intracranial pressure, and a shorter period between initial operation and reoperation were independent predictors of a worse outcome.ConclusionIn selected patients, reoperation for recurrent GBM prolongs survival with no significant deteriorations in performance status.  相似文献   
9.
为了研究假体佩戴者对于目标物体的运动感知,利用Unity搭建虚拟仿真假体视觉场景,利用遮挡范式下对碰撞时间的估计,探究不同运动方向、运动速度、运动方式、目标物体形状、环境对比度以及各因素下的性别差异对仿真假体视觉下的运动感知的影响。试验结果表明,被试者对于水平方向上的估计要比垂直方向上的估计更准确;对于快速运动的估计准确度要优于相对慢速运动物体的准确度;运动方式因素对估计影响无显著性差异;相同形状下,物体越大,被试者估计的准确性越高且对多角图形的运动比圆润图形的运动更加敏感;不同环境对比度对估计也具有显著性差异;性别对于估计无显著性影响,但不同因素下的结果有区别。  相似文献   
10.
诊断抑郁症的传统方法是通过面对面的评估和交谈。但是,许多患有抑郁症的患者不愿意在早期阶段就医,从而使病情恶化。为了在早期判断抑郁症患者的情况,提出一种利用社交媒体文本信息的时间序列特征和多示例学习的检测模型,考虑到抑郁症状不会立即出现,所以时序样本的使用显得非常重要,因此使用无监督LSTM提取时间序列特征,训练分类器实现二值分类,并使用多示例学习模型来解决不平衡样本问题。首先采用朴素贝叶斯分类器、随机森林、多元社会网络学习和多式抑郁词典学习作为基准,随后利用具有无监督LSTM时间序列功能的多示例学习来更准确地检测抑郁症。在MDDL数据集的基础上,整理出200个调查对象合计7 946条推文信息,并按照训练测试比为8:2的实验得到结果如下:在准确率、精度,召回率和F1得分上分别达到75.0%、76.0%、73.0%、74.5%。结果表明,通过社交媒体中的文本数据,采用机器学习进行早期抑郁症检测是可行的。此外,通过大量的消融实验也证实,采用时间序列特征的方法要比传统的基准模型方法能够获得更好的性能。  相似文献   
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