五株三带喙库蚊的酯酶同工酶比较研究

本文应用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)和等电聚焦电泳(IEF)的方法对我国5个三带喙库蚊地区株的酯酶同工酶(EST.)进行了比较研究。结果表明,不同三带喙库蚊地区株的酯酶同工酶在PAGE上表现出3个位点共12条酶带,在IEF上表现出26条酶带。各地区株群体间的EST无显著性差异。     

云南不同地株微小按蚊酯酶同工酶比较研究

笔者应用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（ＰＡＧＥ）技术，比较分析了云南５个（元阳、潞西、镇康、思茅、昭通）地株微小按蚊酯酶（Ｅｓｔ）同工酶，并对各酶谱进行扫描分析。结果：Ｅｓｔ同工酶均出现Ⅰ、Ⅱ两组区带，各自具有相对稳定的酶谱，同时也存在遗传上的多态现象，各地株间的酶谱中存在着一定的差异。     

山东农家栽培瓜蒌品种的同工酶研究

目的:鉴定山东不同农家栽培瓜蒌品种,并探讨它们的亲缘关系.方法:利用垂直平板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术,作过氧化物酶同工酶和酯酶同工酶分析,并绘制指纹图谱.结果:瓜蒌不同农家栽培品种的过氧化物酶和酯酶同工酶酶谱有共有带,但酶带数量、位点以及活性强度却有差异.结论:仁瓜蒌与牛心瓜蒌、小光蛋与野瓜蒌彼此间亲缘关系最近;明皮与小光蛋是两个不同的品种;同工酶分析技术可为山东产瓜蒌不同农家栽培品种的鉴定提供可靠依据.     

基于水解酶的抗寄生虫前药研究

前药策略已被广泛应用于各种基于药剂学、药代动力学和药效学的药物优化。多数涉及前药转化的酶都属于水解酶,其中以酯水解酶和酰胺水解酶的研究最为广泛。本文综述了基于这两种水解酶的抗寄生虫前药的研究进展。     

淡色库蚊残杀威抗性与酯酶活性的相关性研究

目的:检测抗残杀威品系各世代的抗性指数及蚊体内酯酶(esterase)的活性,探讨蚊虫抗性与酯酶的关系。方法:采用生物测定法和微板滴定法。结果:淡色库蚊经残杀威43 代的汰选,抗性指数达到11.26 倍;蚊体内的乙酰胆碱酯酶(acetylcholinesterase,AchE)活性的平均抑制率随世代的增加而变低,低于30%的个体频率随世代的增加而增加,呈相关关系;非特异性酯酶(nonspecificesterase,NSE)的活力随世代的增加而增强,而高于或等于0.9的个体频率逐渐增高,与生物测试法基本一致。结论:残杀威抗性与酯酶NSE和AchE的活性呈一定的相关关系。     

人参红皮病发病部位同工酶的研究

利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和薄层扫描,定量研究人参红皮病发病部位同工酶组份和活力变化表明:受到侵染的各类样品中酯酶活力平均比无病白皮参增加100％,多酚氧化酶活力增加60～30％;且在侵染早期出现了新的同工酶谱带。     

Esterase D phenotypes in north-eastern Japan

Summary Esterase D (EsD) was typed in 2,367 unrelated healthy blood donors from Yamagata and Miyagi districts, north-eastern area of Japan. The gene frequencies observed were: EsD¹=0.642, EsD²=0.358. In these blood donors two rare EsD phenotypes, EsD 3-2 and a new variant, were found. As for this new variant, the mode of hereditary transmission was discussed by family study.     

On a successfully treated acute oral paraoxone (E 600) poisoning

Summary A case of acute oral suicidal poisoning with paraoxone (E 600) and its treatment are described. The use of cholinesterase-reactivating substances and reanimation procedures achieved full success, even without a high dosage of atropine, in the treatment of that very serious poisoning. The problems concerned with the use of oximes in the therapy of organophosphate poisoning are discussed.     

Genetic study of red cell Esterase D polymorphism by ultrathin layer isoelectric focusing

Summary Human red cell Esterase D (EsD) was analyzed by isoelectric focusing (IEF) on ultrathin-layer polyacrylamide gel with a pH range of 5.0–6.0. Hemolysates were treated with Dithiothreitol to avoid loss of activity and change of the isozyme patterns by in vitro storage effects. In our sample of 951 unrelated persons from Veneto, seven different phenotypes were observed. The following allele frequencies were calculated: EsD¹=0.8476, EsD²=0.1336, EsD⁵=0.0178, and EsD^V=0.0010.Our gene frequencies have been compared to those found in other populations.Financially supported by the Ministry of Education of Italy     

Comparative study on pesticide mixture of organophosphorus and pyrethroid in commercial formulation

The marketing of mixtures of organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides has become very common in developing countries and has resulted in an increase in the prevalence of toxicity. The present study aimed to evaluate the toxic effects of a commercial preparation of the pesticide mixture durasin, which contains 60% diazinon and 0.5% deltamethrin, compared with the individual commercial pesticides of diazinon 30% and deltamethrin 5%. Forty male albino rats weighing 160 ± 20 g were divided into; DA (diazinon 20 mg/Kg b.w.), DA (deltamethrin 2 mg/Kg b.w.), M (durasin 20 mg/Kg b.w.) and control (C); cholinesterase (ChE), malonaldehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and non-specific esterase's isoenzymes in rat's blood were determined following 7 and 14 days of treatment. The weekly- recorded biochemical results were used as criteria for estimating the joint effects of the tested pesticide mixture. Antioxidant defense mechanisms and lipid peroxidation in rat plasma displayed the same responses with intensities which were related to the different treatments. Biochemical analysis showed that (DA) or (DM) individually cause alteration in lipid metabolism and non-specific esterase, while mixture treatment (M) induced antagonistic effects toward all the tested parameters except total reduced glutathione level, which was synergistic at the 2nd week. In conclusion the commercial mixture (M) under study has potentially greater toxic impact than the components alone in the rat.