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1.
Females remain under-represented in surgery in the United Kingdom and around the globe. Gender representation on journal editorial boards is one of the key metrics of gender representation within academic surgery. The aim of this study was to quantify gender representation within the editorial leadership of journals affiliated with UK surgical specialties. A web-based search for each of the UK surgical specialty associations was conducted, followed by identification of the endorsed journals for each one. As of August 2022, data on the gender of the editor-in-chief and other journal leadership positions, including associate, section, and deputy editors, were collated. Gender classification was completed using first-name recognition, verified by a web search using the name and institution provided. Managing editors without clinical backgrounds were excluded. Ten journals were identified for the following surgical specialties: General Surgery, Trauma and Orthopaedics, Neurosurgery, Cardiothoracic, Urology, Paediatric Surgery, Ear Nose and Throat, Oral and Maxillofacial, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, and Vascular Surgery. In total, 242 editorial positions were identified: 207 were held by males (82.8%) and 35 by females (17.2%). There were no female editors-in-chief. The average female proportion of editorial leadership per journal was 18.8%. One journal had no female editorial leadership representation. Overall, the number of females in editorial leadership positions is comparable to the current proportion of UK female consultant surgeons (13.7%). Journals with an under-representation of females in senior editorial leadership positions compared with the parent specialty should consider initiatives that will encourage diversity, promote greater gender parity, and champion female representation.  相似文献   
2.
徐伟  柳鹏程 《中国卫生资源》2012,15(1):48-50,53
目的:评价长江中下游地区卫生资源配置的公平性状况.方法:运用泰尔指数对其1999 -2007年相关统计数据进行分析.结论:在卫生物力资源等方面由于各省的整体投入,医疗资源配置的公平性有所好转,但在卫生人力资源等方面则显示出各省的整体性投入差距在进一步扩大,这种扩大趋势导致了整体卫生资源配置的不公平性差距增大,这种现象的产生显示卫生技术人员往高层次医院或经济发达地区集中的趋势.  相似文献   
3.
Emerging from contemporary UK equality policy, the Gender Duty is not ostensibly about health, although men's health groups are keen to use it to bring about improvements in the health of men. Nevertheless, the status of men's health as an inequality is contentious and any links to equality policy should not be left unquestioned. In this article, I try to develop a critical but supportive perspective regarding the potential of equality legislation for improving men's health by describing the Gender Duty and exploring the links between equality and human rights and men's health.  相似文献   
4.
BackgroundPersons with disabilities do not yet experience equality with the rest of the population when using transportation. Paratransit services take over transportation for persons with disabilities when public transportation cannot be used or can only be used to a limited extent. The usefulness of these services remains limited due to financial and structural reasons.ObjectiveThis study aims to identify the experiences of persons with disabilities with paratransit in Switzerland, explores their needs and verifies facilitators and barriers to the use of paratransit services. Furthermore, perceived experiences of how barriers and facilitators of transportation influence the participation in different areas of life of these persons are examined.MethodsIn this study, we adopted a qualitative approach with four online focus group discussions and one physically present discussion group, including 31 participants overall. We collected data between July and October 2021 and analyzed the data using content analysis according to Mayring (2015).ResultsOverall, persons with disabilities experience paratransit as important and appreciated this alternative to public transportation. Specifically, the services’ need is individual for each person and depends on different facilitating factors (e.g., habits, health condition, activities, safety, accessibility, service) and barriers (e.g., costs, weather conditions).ConclusionsThe need for paratransit services is highly individual and impacts participation in different life areas. On one hand, the federalist system in Switzerland supports a local and cultural embedment, but on the other hand leads to difficulties concerning transportation beyond the close local environment and for longer distances.  相似文献   
5.
This study investigated the potential causes of anxious people's social avoidance. The classic ultimatum game was utilized in concert with electroencephalogram recording. Participants were divided into two groups according to levels of trait anxiety as identified by a self‐report scale. The behavioral results indicate that high‐anxious participants were more prone to reject human‐proposed than computer‐proposed unequal offers compared to their low‐anxious counterparts. The event‐related potential results indicate that the high‐anxious group showed a larger feedback‐related negativity when receiving unequal monetary offers than equal ones, and a larger P3 when receiving human‐proposed offers than computer‐proposed ones, but these effects were absent in the low‐anxious group. We suggest anxious people's social avoidance results from hypersensitivity to unequal distributions during interpersonal interactions.  相似文献   
6.
Beginning in the 1950s changes began altering the social landscape in which the traditional approach to child welfare operated. Women began entering the workforce in record numbers. Divorce rates rose, as did the number of unwed mothers. The result was a dramatic increase in the number of impoverished lone‐parent families. The traditional portrait of the family began to fracture. At the same time, child welfare policies and programs failed to respond to the needs created by these changes. Child welfare policies and programs that would address the problems these changes produced failed to materialize. Although public school education provides for the care of children between 6and18during the day, mothers with children under 6 were left to their own resources. The need for publicly supported child care was left unmet. The traditional approach to child welfare, using a casework method that focused on the parent#shchild relationship, was no longer able to cope with the problems produced by these changes.  相似文献   
7.
目的探讨湖南省死因回顾调查点的卫生资源配置的现状和公平性。方法收集湖南省10个死因回顾调查点的社会经济和疾病监测基础数据,运用描述性分析、Lorenz曲线和Gini系数等方法评价卫生资源配置的合理性和公平性。结果湖南省死因回顾调查点每千人口医师、护师(士)和床位数分别为1.5、1.0和2.5。城市、农村点院均床位医师比、院均床位护士比分别是1:0.66、1:0.57和1:0.54、1:0.31。病床、卫生技术人员按面积分布的基尼系数为0.46和0.39,按人口分布的基尼系数为0.31和0.27。城市和农村居民的脑血管病、呼吸系统疾病、恶性肿瘤、心脏病死亡率差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),损伤与中毒的死亡率城乡差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 2005年湖南省死因回顾调查点卫生资源城乡分布结构不合理,虽然病床、卫生技术人员按人口配置公平性较好,但按面积配置公平性达到警戒线。调查点城乡居民疾病死亡率差异与卫生资源的配置公平性有关。  相似文献   
8.
从病情危重度与住院费用的关系看卫生服务的公平性   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
公平合理地分配卫生资源是制定卫生政策的重要医学伦理学原则之一。作者在对高血压患者危重度分级的基础上,通过分析患者危重度等级与住院费用的关系,揭示了住院患者的资源消耗量与实际医疗需求相脱节的现象,提示我国卫生资源分配的公平性有待进一步提高。  相似文献   
9.
中国文化中性观念的发展   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
界定性观念应着重于它的社会文化特质.性观念应随着社会主体文化的用而变化,有继承,有扬弃.中国传统性观念有科学的成份,也有落后的成份. 应以男女平等为核心,建立社会主义的科学的性观念.  相似文献   
10.
目的了解城乡居民门诊服务费用的分布现状、影响因素以及公平性,为卫生改革和提高居民的门诊服务利用水平,控制门诊费用、减少病人负担、合理利用卫生资源提供参考依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,共调查威海市8074户,20409人。利用对数线性回归模型分析居民门诊费用的影响因素;同时利用极差指标和集中指数测量不同收入人群之间门诊服务利用的公平性。结果威海市居民2周就诊率为5.2%,未就诊率为56.8%,自我医疗占未就诊病人的比例为84.1%。居民就诊机构主要是卫生室和卫生院,占65.3%。影响城乡居民门诊利用的主要因素有文化程度,职业,医疗保障制度,收入水平等。居民次均就诊费用的集中指数城市为正值,农村为负值。无论城市还是农村次均门诊费用占人均收入的比例均随着收入的增高呈下降趋势。结论城市居民在门诊费用方面是不公平的;农村居民在门诊费用上亦表现出其不公平性;建立与完善社区卫生服务体系,方便居民卫生服务需求,可以有效地降低医疗卫生费用,减轻患者的疾病负担。  相似文献   
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