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《Australian critical care》2022,35(2):204-209
ObjectivesThe aim of the study is to understand the concept of disaster preparedness in relation to the intensive care unit through the review and critique of the peer-reviewed literature.Review method usedRodgers' method of evolutionary concept analysis was used in the study.Data sourcesHealthcare databases included in the review were Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Public MEDLINE, Scopus, and ProQuest.Review methodsElectronic data bases were searched using terms such as “intensive care unit” OR “critical care” AND prep1 OR readiness OR plan1 AND disaster1 OR “mass casualty incidents” OR “natural disaster” OR “disaster planning” NOT paed1 OR ped1 OR neonat1. Peer-reviewed articles published in English between January 2000 and April 2020 that focused on intensive care unit disaster preparedness or included intensive care unit disaster preparedness as part of a facility-wide strategy were included in the analysis.ResultsEighteen articles were included in the concept analysis. Fourteen different terms were used to describe disaster preparedness in intensive care. Space, physical resources, and human resources were attributes that relied on each other and were required in sufficient quantities to generate an adequate response to patient surges from disasters. When one attribute is extended beyond normal operational capacities, the effectiveness and capacity of the other attributes will likely be limited.ConclusionThis concept analysis has shown the varied language used when referring to disaster preparedness relating to the intensive care unit within the research literature. Attributes including space, physical resources, and human resources were all found to be integral to a disaster response. Future research into what is required of these attributes to generate an all-hazards approach in disaster preparedness in intensive care units will contribute to optimising standards of care. 相似文献
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This study revealed the usefulness of volumetric analysis of mastoid air cells (MACs) extracted from postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) images in characterizing individuals. To characterize deceased persons, the MACs volumes of 61 Japanese PMCT images were measured after thresholding in Hounsfield units and based on the number of voxels on the right and left sides and the voxel size for each person. The volume differences between the right and left MACs and sex were examined. Although there were no obvious volume differences between males and females, the order of sizes on the two sides varied for each person. Moreover, deceased persons could be roughly classified using the total volume of MACs. Deceased persons with similar total volumes could be distinguished further by comparing the ratio of volumes in bilateral MACs. Although the identification process is dependent on samples and different sizes of bilateral MACs, our pilot study indicated that 81.9% (50/61) of deceased persons could be distinguished. In conclusion, volumetric analysis of MACs measured using PMCT imaging has the potential to identify individuals and reduce the number of candidates. 相似文献
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Cross‐sectional survey of the disaster preparedness of nurses across the Asia–Pacific region 下载免费PDF全文
Kim Usher RN RPN A/DipNEd BA BHSc MNSt PhD FACN FACMHN Jane Mills RN BNurs MNurs GradCertEd MEd PhD Caryn West RN GDip Res Methods PhD Evan Casella Nursing Student Passang Dorji RN Aimin Guo RN Virya Koy RN George Pego RN Souksavanh Phanpaseuth RN Olaphim Phouthavong RN Jamuna Sayami RN Muy Seang Lak RN Alison Sio RN Mohammad Mofiz Ullah RN Yu Sheng RN Yuli Zang RN Petra Buettner BSc MSc PhD Cindy Woods BEd PhD 《Nursing & health sciences》2015,17(4):434-443
Healthcare workers who have received disaster preparedness education are more likely to report a greater understanding of disaster preparedness. However, research indicates that current nursing curricula do not adequately prepare nurses to respond to disasters. This is the first study to assess Asia–Pacific nurses' perceptions about their level of disaster knowledge, skills, and preparedness. A cross‐sectional survey was conducted with 757 hospital and community nurses in seven Asia–Pacific countries. Data were collected using the modified Disaster Preparedness Evaluation Tool. Participants were found to have overall low‐to‐moderate levels of disaster knowledge, skills and preparedness, wherein important gaps were identified. A majority of the variance in disaster preparedness scores was located at the level of the individual respondent, not linked to countries or institutions. Multilevel random effects modelling identified disaster experience and education as significant factors of positive perceptions of disaster knowledge, skills, and management. The first step toward disaster preparedness is to ensure frontline health workers are able to respond effectively to disaster events. The outcomes of this study have important policy and education implications. 相似文献
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《Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries》2022,48(8):1794-1804
BackgroundBurn care is centralized in highly specialized burn centers in Europe. These centers are of limited capacity and may be overwhelmed by a sudden surge in case of a burn mass casualty incident. Prior incidents in Europe and abroad have sustained high standards of care through well-orchestrated responses to share the burden of care in several burn centers. A burn mass casualty incident in Romania in 2015 sparked an initiative to strengthen the existing EU mechanisms. This paper aims to provide insight into developing a response plan for burn mass casualties within the EU Civil Protection Mechanism.MethodsThe European Burns Association drafted medical guidelines for burn mass casualty incidents based on a literature review and an in-depth analysis of the Romanian incident. An online questionnaire surveyed European burn centers and EU States for burn mass casualty preparedness.ResultsThe Romanian burn mass casualty in 2015 highlighted the lack of a burn-specific mechanism, leading to the late onset of international transfers. In Europe, 71% of respondents had existing mass casualty response plans, though only 35% reported having a burn-specific plan. A burns response plan for burn mass casualties was developed and adopted as a Commission staff working document in preparation for further implementation. The plan builds on the existing Union Civil Protection Mechanism framework and the standards of the WHO Emergency Medical Teams initiative to provide 1) burn assessment teams for specialized in-hospital triage of patients, 2) specialized burn care across European burn centers, and 3) medevac capacities from participating states.ConclusionThe European burn mass casualty response plan could enable the delivery of high-level burn care in the face of an overwhelming incident in an affected European country. Further steps for integration and implementation of the plan within the Union Civil Protection Mechanism framework are needed. 相似文献
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目的 评估分析急诊科护士灾害准备培训效果。方法 选取268名急诊科护士作为研究对象,由具备带教急诊科护士培训资质的20名急救专家按照初级创伤救治模式进行培训,以柯氏模型为指导,采用问卷调查、笔试、情景模拟、工作坊等方法从反应层、学习层、行为层与结果层4个层面进行评价。 结果 急诊科护士对培训的总体满意度评分为(8.68±0.83)分;培训后急诊科护士的理论评分(72.51±8.24)分高于培训前(62.14±7.31)分,培训后急诊科护士的实践技能评分(74.08±6.87)分高于培训前(68.23±6.40)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。培训后急诊科护士的备灾准备度、应对准备度、灾后恢复准备度得分均高于培训前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。 结论 采用初级创伤救治模式对急诊科护士进行灾害准备培训有助于提高急诊科护士的灾害准备度、灾害急救知识与专项操作技能。 相似文献
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Rima Jabbour Miray Harakeh Silva Dakessian Sailan Vicky Nassar Hera Tashjian Joelle Massouh Angela Massouh Houry Puzantian Hala Darwish 《International nursing review》2021,68(1):1-8
The World Health Organization designated last year as the International Year of the Nurse and the Midwife. And as we know worldwide, 2020 became an unforgettable year as nurses and midwives everywhere confronted the COVID‐19 pandemic. To be a nurse in 2020 was challenging and heroic, but being a nurse in 2020 in Beirut, Lebanon was so extraordinarily charged with adversity. The country witnessed in a one‐year series of tragedies of epic dimensions – laying a heavy toll on front‐line nurses. We present our stories as eight Lebanese nurses, giving voice to our incredible experiences and our ongoing resilience in the face of these adversities. We served in the emergency department of a Beirut city hospital after a catastrophic explosion occurred in the capital on the 4th of August 2020. We reported for duty during a disaster of immense magnitude and are now coping with the aftermath of trauma. As nurses, we have faced many traumas in our country that has experienced through war and terrorism for decades. Arising from this disaster and challenges of the pandemic, we give policy recommendations that deserve urgent attention in Lebanon and underscore the need for disaster preparation, funding, education and importantly mental health care for nurses and other health professionals with help and support of the international community. 相似文献