Factors Affecting Sexual Function and Body Image of Early-Stage Breast Cancer Survivors in Poland: A Short-Term Observation

Introduction

Knowing the important factors influencing sexual function and body image might facilitate the recovery process of breast cancer survivors. Surgery type, relationship quality, and partner support might be modified to create a space for psychosexual intervention.

Activité physique durant la grossesse : point sur les recommandations internationales

Benefits of physical exercise on the physical and psychological health lead to specifics guidelines during pregnancy. For pregnant women, to take part in aerobics exercise (walking, biking) (i.e. 30 minutes, three times per week at 60–90% of the maximal heart rate) and strength training (i.e. one to two times per week) is recommended. Physical exercise programs during pregnancy have shown benefits for preventing and treating complications pregnancy (e.g. gestational diabetes mellitus, overweight). Benefits of exercise and risks associated with sedentary should be widely diffused among pregnant women and prenatal caregivers.     

上海市某社区婴儿缺铁性贫血影响因素研究

[目的]探讨上海市某社区6月龄婴儿缺铁性贫血发生情况及其影响因素。[方法]对上海市某社区2007年1月至2009年6月出生的190例6月龄婴儿进行血红蛋白检测与相关因素调查。[结果]该社区6月龄婴儿缺铁性贫血的患病率为21.58%,经单因素分析与多因素Logistic回归分析,婴儿喂养方式和4~6个月是否添加辅食是婴儿缺铁性贫血的重要影响因素,6个月内纯母乳喂养和4~6个月未添加辅食的OR值分别为3.0和19.8。[结论]在提倡母乳喂养的同时,应注意合理添加辅食和适时补充铁元素,以减少婴儿缺铁性贫血的发生。     

肿瘤碱性蛋白单克隆抗体免疫学特性的研究及其应用

应用淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术，建立了４株抗人血清肿瘤碱性蛋白（Ｔｕｍｏｕｒｂａｓｉｃｐｒｏ－ｔｅｉｎ，ＴＢＰ）杂交瘤细胞株（１Ｃ３、４Ｆ４、５Ｆ４、３Ｇ９），并以制备的单克隆抗体（ＭｃＡｂ）对其抗原决定簇及免疫学特性进行了分析。Ｉｇ亚类测定：均为ＩｇＧ２ａ，腹水效价为１×１０－６～１×１０－８。特异性测定：ＴＢＰＭｃＡｂ与ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＡ、ＩｇＭ和Ａｌｂ无交叉反应。单抗相加试验证实：５Ｆ４、４Ｆ４和１Ｃ３为识别ＴＢＰ上同一抗原决定簇，３Ｇ９则为识别ＴＢＰ上另一抗原决定簇。分别利用单株和混合株ＭｃＡｂ标酶建立了可应用于人血清ＴＢＰ含量测定的ＥＬＩＳＡ双抗体夹心法，并用于人血清ＴＢＰ含量测定。     

BP人工神经网络应用于探讨2型糖尿病/糖耐量低减的发病危险因素

目的 探讨BP人工神经网络(BPANN)在2型糖尿病(2型DM)／糖耐量低减(IGT)的发病危险因素研究中的应用特点。方法 采用BPANN和多因素非条件Loglstic回归方法对某矿区2型DM现况调查资料及在某综合性医院收集的病例-对照资料进行分析比较。结果 针对2型：DM和IGT，BPANN网络结构分别为32→12→1，20→6→l。比较网络输出的平均影响值(MIV)与Logistic回归分析结果，发现两者均选出母亲DM史、腰臀比(WHR)、同胞：DM史、离退休者、高梁等为影响2型DM发病的主要因子；标准体重百分数(SWP)、子女DM史、职业体力活动、年龄和脉率是影响IGT发病的主要因子。结论：BPANN同样能够用于2型DM／IGT的发病危险因素研究；BPANN分析不要求资料的分布类型以及变量的独立性，能较好地处理数据协变量间的共线性问题，在病因研究中具有Logistic回归分析方法所不能比拟的独特优势。     

Ethnicity, substance use, and response to booster hepatitis B vaccination in anti-HBs-seronegative adolescents who had received primary infantile vaccination

BACKGROUND/AIMS: In this revaccination study, we explored the determinants of response to booster hepatitis B (HB) vaccination in anti-HBs-seronegative adolescents who had received primary HB vaccination 15-18 years before. RESULTS: After controlling for prebooster anti-HBs levels, cigarette smoking, betel-quid chewing, alcohol drinking, and indigenous ethnicity were significantly associated with elevated risks of non-response to booster HB vaccination. The adjusted odds ratios (aORs) were 3.21 (CI: 1.33-7.84), 8.78 (CI: 2.03-37.94), 2.64 (CI: 1.15-6.02), and 2.46 (CI: 1.28-4.72), respectively. Among adolescents with undetectable prebooster anti-HBs titers, only indigenous ethnicity significantly associated with elevated risk, with an adjusted OR of 2.57 (CI: 1.20-5.54), of non-response to booster HB vaccination. On the contrary, the influences of cigarette smoking, betel-quid chewing, and alcohol drinking were restricted to adolescents with prebooster anti-HBs titers of 0.1-9.9mIU/mL. The corresponding multivariate-adjusted ORs were 5.70, 17.41, and 3.72, respectively. Adolescents who smoked cigarettes and chewed betel-quid were at highest risk of non-response (aOR, 25.3; CI: 2.97-215.7). CONCLUSIONS: A booster dose of HB vaccine may be insufficient to induce immunological response in healthy adolescents who had undetectable prebooster anti-HBs titers or who were of Malay-Polynesian ethnicity. Responses to booster vaccination are probably modified by recent cigarette smoking and/or betel-quid chewing.     

Volunteer participation among older adults in Japan: an analysis of the determinants of participation and reasons for non-participation

The purpose of this study is to examine participation in volunteer work among older adults in Japan; in particular, to identify the determinants of volunteer participation and reasons for non-participation. Subjects were 593 older peoples aged 60–74 residing in a suburb of Tokyo, Japan. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between relevant characteristics and volunteer participation. Among females, those who had lived in the community longer, residing in a single household, actively participating in hobbies or continuing education, not working and reporting better self-rated health were more likely to participate in volunteer activities. By contrast, there were no specific correlations among males. 51.0% of the non-participants reported that they would like to participate in volunteer work in the future. The most frequently given reason for non-participation was “Don’t have time to participate”. Additional concerns were related to accessibility such as “Don’t know where I should go to participate”. For promoting volunteer activities among older Japanese, diverse volunteer activities should be offered with consideration to differences in lifestyle by gender and also by available flexible time. A plan for improving the accessibility to volunteer work is also needed.     

Breakage of tolerance to hidden cytoplasmic epitopes of the acetylcholine receptor in experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis

The acetylcholine receptor (AChR) is the major autoantigen in the antibody-mediated disease myasthenia gravis (MG) and its animal model experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG). This study demonstrates that rats immunized with a recombinant fragment corresponding to the normally exposed extracellular region of the rat AChR -subunit first develop antibodies to the injected extracellular portion only, but later develop antibodies to intracellular cytoplasmic epitopes of AChR. The presence of autoantibodies to intracellular epitopes seems to be correlated with development of clinical signs of disease. We propose that a similar process of epitope spreading may take place in the natural course of myasthenia.     

上海市中学生吸烟流行现状研究

目的了解上海市中学生吸烟流行情况及其影响因素。方法采取分层随机抽样方法，对全市19个区的57所学校（初中、高中和职业学校各19所）11～20岁的学生进行不记名问卷调查。结果共调查学生9239人，其中初中生3112人（男1565人，女1547人），高中生3097人（男1475人，女1622人），职业学校学生3030人（男1734人，女1296人）。上海中学生总吸烟率为19．5％，其中初中生吸烟率为6．9％，男生10．5％，女生3．2％；高中生吸烟率为16．7％，男生24．7％，女生9．4％；职校生吸烟率为35．2％，男生47．1％，女生23．4％，不同学校类型学生吸烟率有统计学差异（P〈0．01）。尝试吸烟的主要原因为好奇，占49．1％；朋友提供香烟是中学生第一支香烟的主要获得途径，占53．3％。结论目前上海市中学生吸烟率仍在上升，特别是高中生和职校生。普及吸烟危害健康知识，提高抵御第一支香烟能力应是中学控烟干预的重点。