DRG支付方式改革下医院财务管理应对策略

通过探讨DRG支付方式改革下医院财务管理的应对策略,可以有效地降低医疗支付方式改革对医院财务管理的负面影响,促使医院财务管理在"危"与"机"的转换中抢抓机遇,促进医院财务管理提质增效。     

Reducing low value services in surgical inpatients in Taiwan: Does diagnosis-related group payment work?

Reducing low-value care is a top priority in health care. However, how prospective payment methods such as diagnosis-related group (DRG) payment scheme reduce the use of low-value services is unclear. This study aimed to assess frequency of low-value preoperative testing services among surgical inpatients over time and to investigate whether the 2010 Tw-DRG policy has reduced utilization of these services under the National Health Insurance program in Taiwan. The nationwide National Health Insurance claims data in Taiwan from 2008 to 2013 were used. The difference-in-differences (DID) method was adopted. Utilization of three low-value preoperative testing services (chest x-ray, echocardiogram, and stress testing) were assessed. The prevalence of the three preoperative tests ranged from 0.13 per 100 admissions (preoperative stress testing) to 78.12 per 100 admissions (preoperative chest x-ray). Following the implementation of the Tw-DRG policy, the predicted probability of low-value care use was significantly reduced from 67.91% to 64.93% in the DRG group but remained relatively stable in the comparison group (from 69.44% to 68.43%) in 2010. The use of three selected preoperative tests had only a minor temporary reduction in 2010, but later increased over time. The 2010 Tw-DRG policy did not significantly moderate the growth of low-value preoperative use. Hospital financial incentives alone may be insufficient for reducing the provision of low-value care.     

The incidence of negative intraoperative findings after unsuccessful hydrostatic reduction of ileocolic intussusception in children: A retrospective analysis

Background

There is a lack of studies addressing the occurrence of negative intraoperative findings (that is the absence of intussusception) after an unsuccessful hydrostatic reduction of an ileocolic intussusception. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of negative intraoperative findings after unsuccessful hydrostatic reduction of ileocolic intussusception.

Lentiviral Vectors and Adeno‐Associated Virus Vectors: Useful Tools for Gene Transfer in Pain Research

Pain, especially chronic pain, has always been a heated point in both basic and clinical researches since it puts heavy burdens on both individuals and the whole society. A better understanding of the role of biological molecules and various ionic channels involved in pain can shed light on the mechanism under pain and advocate the development of pain management. Using viral vectors to transfer specific genes at targeted sites is a promising method for both research and clinical applications. Lentiviral vectors and adeno‐associated virus (AAV) vectors which allow stable and long‐term expression of transgene in non‐dividing cells are widely applied in pain research. In this review, we thoroughly outline the structure, category, advantages and disadvantages and the delivery methods of lentiviral and AAV vectors. The methods through which lentiviral and AAV vectors are delivered to targeted sites are closely related with the sites, level and period of transgene expression. Focus is placed on the various delivery methods applied to deliver vectors to spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion both of which play important roles in primary nociception. Our goal is to provide insight into the features of these two viral vectors and which administration approach can be chosen for different pain researches. Anat Rec, 301:825–836, 2018. © 2017 The Authors. The Anatomical Record published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Association of Anatomists.     

Neurons and satellite glial cells in adult rat lumbar dorsal root ganglia express connexin 36

Previous studies have shown that following peripheral nerve injury there was a downregulation of the gap junction protein connexin 36 (Cx36) in the spinal cord; however, it is not known whether Cx36 protein is expressed in the dorsal root ganglia (DRGs), nor if its levels are altered following peripheral nerve injuries. Here we address these aspects in the adult rat lumbar DRG. Cx36 mRNA was detected using qRT-PCR, and Cx36 protein was identified in DRG sections using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF). Double staining revealed that Cx36 co-localizes with both anti-β-III tubulin, a neuronal marker, and anti-glutamine synthetase, a satellite glial cell (SGC) marker. In neurons, Cx36 staining was mostly uniform in somata and fibers of all sizes and its intensity increased at the cell membranes. This labeling pattern was in contrast with Cx36 IF dots mainly found at junctional membranes in islet beta cells used as a control tissue. Co-staining with anti-Cx43 and anti-Cx36 showed that whereas mostly uniform staining of Cx36 was found throughout neurons and SGCs, Cx43 IF puncta were localized to SGCs. Cx36 mRNA was expressed in normal lumbar DRG, and it was significantly down-regulated in L4 DRG of rats that underwent sciatic nerve injury resulting in persistent hypersensitivity. Collectively, these findings demonstrated that neurons and SGCs express Cx36 protein in normal DRG, and suggested that perturbation of Cx36 levels may contribute to chronic neuropathic pain resulting from a peripheral nerve injury.     

下腰痛患者下肢或下腹牵涉痛的发生机制

目的:利用荧光素逆行双标法和免疫组化法探讨下腰痛患者下肢或下腹部牵涉痛的发病机制。方法:将14只Wistar大鼠分两组。Ⅰ组中将荧光素碘化丙啶(PI)注入背肌,双苯甲亚胺(Bb)注入膀胱壁;Ⅱ组中将荧光素快蓝(Fb)注入背肌,维生素B2(NY)注入坐骨神经。此后在有双标细胞的切片上行免疫组化检查。结果:在腰部的后根神经节(DRG)中发现荧光素双标细胞;部分荧光素双标细胞含降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)。腰部的DRG细胞周围突有分支投射到背肌和膀胱及背肌和坐骨神经;部分有分支投射的细胞含CGRP。结论:由下腰痛引起的下肢或下腹部牵涉痛的发生机制可能与发生在DRG水平的轴突反射有关。