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排序方式: 共有106条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
目的全面了解育龄夫妇的健康状况,避免幼儿出生带有先天性缺陷。方法抽取我站2013年4月至2013年5月进行孕前优生健康检查的1746例育龄夫妇。采用B超、女性体检、男性体检、空腹验血、体液检查等方式,确定育龄夫妇的健康状况。结果其中检查结果异常的育龄夫妇一共有607例,高风险育龄夫妇一共211例,检查结果正常育龄夫妇一共1139例。结论孕前健康检查可以较为准确的反应育龄夫妇的身体健康状况,能够较为直观的显示育龄夫妇怀孕后幼儿出生带有先天性缺陷的概率,尽量避免高风险人群的孕育情况,将能够有效的提升我国新生儿身体素质,对我国优生优育政策的推广具有重要意义。  相似文献   
2.

Objectives

Lung cancer patients and their partners are prone to high levels of depression and anxiety or severe distress related to the poor prognosis of the illness. However, there remain doubts regarding the extent to which this distress exceeds levels in the general population. This study explored levels of depression and generalized anxiety for comparison with matched data of a representative sample from the general population. Additionally, covariance of distress between the two partners, together with disease-specific components and differences were investigated.

Materials and methods

In a cross-sectional survey, 54 pairs of lung cancer patients and their partners (n = 108) were assessed for depression and anxiety, cancer-related distress, unmet needs and disclosure in communication. Comparisons between distress levels of participating couples and matched community-comparisons (n = 162) were conducted. Additionally, multilevel analysis for estimating intra-dyadic associations of anxiety and depression was computed. Components of distress, needs and aspects of communication were explored via item mean values.

Results

Lung cancer patients as well as their partners exhibited significantly higher levels of depression and anxiety when compared to community-based comparison subjects (patients: mean difference of 1.01 for depression with a relative risk (RR) of 4.5 and 0.84 for anxiety with RR = 6.1; partners: 1.17 for depression with RR = 4.6 and 1.59 for anxiety with RR = 7.6). Partial intraclass correlations between patients and partners were weak (PIC = .29 for depression; PIC = .21 for anxiety). Fear of progression emerged as main component of distress for both patients and partners, although differing stressors were described.

Conclusion

Lung cancer-affected couples exhibit levels of depression and anxiety far exceeding those of the general community. In clinical practice, patients and partners should be assessed separately for distress against the background of weak intra-dyadic associations. In cases of significant depression or anxiety, referral for psychosocial treatment is indicated and has been shown to improve quality of life.  相似文献   
3.
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with myriad relationship problems and psychological distress in partners of individuals with PTSD. This study sought to develop a self-report measure of partner accommodation to PTSD (i.e., ways in which partners alter their behavior in response to patient PTSD symptoms), the Significant Others’ Responses to Trauma Scale (SORTS), and to investigate its reliability and construct validity in 46 treatment-seeking couples. The SORTS demonstrated strong internal consistency and associations with individual and relationship distress. Accommodation was positively correlated with partners’ ratings of patients’ PTSD symptoms, patient self-reported depressive and trait anger severity, and partner self-reported depressive and state anger severity. Accommodation was negatively correlated with patient and partner relationship satisfaction and partners’ perceived social support received from patients. Findings suggest that accommodation may be an attempt to adapt to living with a partner with PTSD but may have negative implications for patient and partner well-being.  相似文献   
4.
BackgroundThe experience of distressing low sexual interest/arousal—female sexual interest/arousal disorder (FSIAD)—is prevalent in women of all ages and is associated with poorer sexual, relationship, and psychological well-being than women without this difficulty. Women who are partnered are almost 5 times more likely to be distressed by low desire and to receive a diagnosis of FSIAD than unpartnered women, indicating that interpersonal factors are highly relevant, although largely neglected in past research.AimIn a dyadic cross-sectional and longitudinal study, we examined whether partner responses to FSIAD were associated with the sexual, relationship, and psychological well-being of couples, and whether any effects persisted 1 year later.MethodsWomen diagnosed with FSIAD (N = 89) completed a validated measure of perceived partner positive vs negative responses to their low sexual interest/arousal and their partners reported on their own responses, as well as measures of sexual desire, sexual satisfaction, relationship satisfaction, sexual distress, and anxiety. 1 year later, couples (N = 66) completed the outcome measures again. Data were analyzed according to the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model.OutcomesOutcomes included were the Sexual Desire Inventory–Solitary and Partner-Focused Subscales; Global Measure of Sexual Satisfaction; Female Sexual Distress Scale; Couple Satisfaction Index; and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory–Short-Form.ResultsWhen women with FSIAD perceived more positive partner responses (eg, warm, supportive, compassionate) than negative responses (eg, hostile, unsupportive, indifferent), they were more satisfied with the relationship and they and their partners reported lower anxiety. When partners reported more positive than negative responses, they had greater relationship and sexual satisfaction and lower sexual distress and anxiety. Exploratory analyses revealed that women's perceptions of their partners' responses accounted for the link between partners' own responses and women's relationship satisfaction and anxiety. Partner responses did not predict any change in outcomes over time.Clinical ImplicationsFindings support interpersonal conceptualizations of FSIAD and may inform the development of future couple-based interventions.Strengths & LimitationsThis study is one of the few dyadic investigations of FSIAD, as diagnosed via a clinical interview. Significant associations were only observed cross-sectionally, limiting causal conclusions. There was limited power to detect longitudinal effects.ConclusionMore positive responses to women's low sexual interest/arousal by partners is linked to better adjustment among couples affected by FSIAD.Rosen NO, Corsini-Munt S, Dubé JP, et al. Partner Responses to Low Desire: Associations With Sexual, Relational, and Psychological Well-Being Among Couples Coping With Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder. J Sex Med 2020;17:2168–2180.  相似文献   
5.
Cervical cancer is a major source of illness and death among women worldwide and genital infection with oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) its principal cause. There is evidence of the influence of the male factor in the development of cervical neoplasia. Nevertheless, the pathogenic processes of HPV in men are still poorly understood. It has been observed that different HPV types can be found among couples. The objective of the present study was to investigate HPV infections in female patients (n = 60 females/group) as well as in their sexual partners and to identify the concordance of HPV genotypes among them. By using the polymerase chain reaction, we detected a 95% prevalence of HPV DNA in women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) compared to 18.3% in women with normal cervical epithelium, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). The HPV DNA prevalence was 50% in male partners of women with CIN and 16.6% in partners of healthy women. In the control group (healthy women), only 9 couples were simultaneously infected with HPV, and only 22.2% of them had the same virus type, showing a weak agreement rate (kappa index = 0.2). Finally, we observed that HPV DNA was present in both partners in 30 couples if the women had CIN, and among them, 53.3% shared the same HPV type, showing moderate agreement, with a kappa index of 0.5. This finding supports the idea of circulation and recirculation of HPV among couples, perpetuating HPV in the sexually active population, rather than true recurrences of latent infections.  相似文献   
6.

Background

Sexual distress is an important factor in the etiology, maintenance, and treatment of sexual difficulties, and as such, there is a need for validated measures. A limitation in the research and treatment of distressing sexual difficulties has been the lack of validated measures, and in particular, existing measures are unable to measure the impacts at the relationship level and currently focus on intra-personal distress.

Aim

This study sought to develop and psychometrically evaluate a new measure of distress associated with sexual difficulties.

Methods

An initial pool of 73 items was created from the results of an earlier qualitative study and administered using an online survey to 1,381 participants (462 men, 904 women, and 14 who identified as “other”), along with measures for the purposes of psychometric evaluation including the Female Sexual Distress Scale–Revised, Couples Satisfaction Index 16-item version, Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale–Short Form, and questions relating to sexual function. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis in separate split-half samples were conducted, followed by analysis of validity and reliability of the resulting measure.

Outcomes

The Sexual and Relationship Distress Scale (SaRDS) was developed to meet the need for a patient-reported outcome measure of individual and relationship distress within the context of sexual dysfunction and resulted in a psychometrically sound 30-item, 14-factor measure of sexual and relationship distress.

Results

The final 30 items explained 77.5% of the total variance and the confirmatory factor analysis showed that this model has an adequate fit (comparative fit index = .97, normed fit index = .95, root mean square error of approximation = .05). The final measure demonstrated good psychometric properties, with strong internal reliability (Cronbach alpha = .95 for the total score with individual sub-scales ranging from .70–.96), and convergent and discriminant validity when compared to current measures (Female Sexual Distress Scale–Revised, r = .82, P < .001; Couples Satisfaction Index, r = –.69, P < .001; Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale–Short Form, r = .37, P < .001).

Clinical Implications

The SaRDS may prove useful for researchers and clinicians interested in understanding and improving the distress experienced within the context of sexual difficulties. The new measure is brief (30 items), easy to administer and score, easily understood (Flesch-Kincaid reading level = grade 3.9), and demonstrates high internal consistency, convergent and discriminant validity.

Strengths & Limitations

The SaRDS has advantages over existing measures as it is brief yet includes sub-scales. However, it must be noted that a community sample was used for this study and it would be beneficial to include a clinical sample in future validation studies.

Conclusion

Unlike most measures in this field, the SaRDS is multi-dimensional and assesses 14 distinct yet related types of sexual and relationship distress experienced in the context of sexual dysfunctions. It can be administered across genders and both members of a couple. It therefore has multiple uses within both research and clinical settings.Frost R, Donovan C. The Development and Validation of the Sexual and Relationship Distress Scale. J Sex Med 2018;15:1167–1179.  相似文献   
7.
Citation Yenicesu GI, Cetin M, Ozdemir O, Cetin A, Ozen F, Yenicesu C, Yildiz C, Kocak N. A prospective case–control study analyzes 12 thrombophilic gene mutations in Turkish couples with recurrent pregnancy loss. Am J Reprod Immunol 2010; 63: 126–136 Problem Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a heterogeneous disorder. The contribution of specific thrombophilic genes to the pathophysiology of RPL has remained controversial. We evaluated the prevalences of 12 thrombophilic gene mutations among homogenous Caucasian couples with RPL and fertiles. Method of study This was a prospective case–control study evaluating 272 women with RPL and 152 of their male partners, and a control group of 56 fertile couples. We investigated mutations including FV Leiden, factor V H1299R, factor II prothrombin G20210A, F XIII V34L, β‐fibrinogen ?455G>A, plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1, GPIIIa L33P (HPA‐1 a/b L33P), MTHFR C677T, MTHFR A1298C, ACE I/D, Apo B R3500Q, and Apo E. Results Overall, heterozygous mutations of FV Leiden, FXIII V34L, GPIIIa L33P, Apo E4, and prothrombin G20210A and homozygous mutations of PAI‐1and MTHFR C677T were associated with RPL. There was no meaningful association between RPL and other studied genes. Conclusion In contrast to the other mutations and polymorphisms, FV Leiden, FXIII V34L, GPIIIa L33P, Apo E, prothrombin G20210A, PAI‐1 and MTHFR C677T gene mutations may help to identify the couples at risk for recurrent pregnancy loss.  相似文献   
8.
Among the new trends of contemporary psychiatry, paying attention to families’ points of view and to their complex organisation becomes essential from now on. Moreover, the location of the different movements of family therapy allows to emphasize fruitful articulations with the practice of psychiatry, either hospital or outpatient. In such a perspective, family therapies cannot be reduced to the intrafamily life, but encourage to work together with marital contexts, family contexts, multifamily groups sharing similar problems, just as social networks and institutional contexts.  相似文献   
9.
Imago Dialogues     
Fathers have been excused from involvement with their families because of traditional gender roles, which invite fathers to be more involved with work and somewhat less involved with the emotional well-being of his family. Family therapy is often no exception to fathers' lack of participation in the family. Family therapists, however, are calling for inclusion of fathers in family therapy. This is occurring because most therapists prefer to have as many family members involved in therapy as possible, and because the feminist movement has called for family therapists to reject the "status quo," in this case, lack of fathers involvement in family therapy. Lastly, there is some empirical evidence that fathers inclusion in therapy improves the outcome of family therapy. This paper is written in response to these changes, so that therapists may gain insight into ways they can involve fathers in family therapy.  相似文献   
10.
Although results from multiple studies conducted over the last two decades indicate that Behavioral Couples Therapy (BCT) is an effective treatment for married or cohabiting alcohol- and drug-abusing patients, both in terms of reduced substance use and improved relationship satisfaction, it is unclear whether BCT or other types of couples-based interventions are used in community-based substance abuse treatment programs. In the present study, program administrators (e.g., executive directors, clinical directors, staff physicians) from 398 randomly selected community-based outpatient substance abuse treatment programs in the U.S. were interviewed regarding use of different family- and couples-based therapies in their programs. According to the program administrators, 27% of the programs provided some type of couples-based treatment. However, less than 5% of the agencies used behaviorally oriented couples therapy and none used BCT specifically. Recommendations for researchers and clinicians to increase the use of BCT in community-based treatment programs are provided.  相似文献   
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