In situ electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy of Co(0001) single crystal electrodes in acidic solution

The surface of a Co(0001) single crystal electrode was examined by in situ electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) in 0.05 M Na₂SO₄ at pH 3 under potential control. Cyclic voltammetry indicated that the anodic dissolution of Co proceeds without passivation, and the anodic current was almost proportional to applied potential. The Co(0001)-(1 × 1) structure was observed on atomically flat terraces in the potential range between the hydrogen evolution and the onset of the anodic dissolution. At the foot of the rising anodic current-potential curve, a hexagonal surface lattice with (5 × 5) symmetry corresponding closely to that of CoO(111) or Co(OH)₂(0001) was also observed. In the early stages of anodic dissolution, the process proceeded in the layer-by-layer mode, forming atomically flat terraces extending over large areas. By reapplying a negative potential after the anodic dissolution, well-defined terrace-step structures were restored, suggesting that the electrodeposition also took place preferentially at step edges.     

~(60)Co照射及低温保存对转基因细胞影响的分析

目的　观察经放射前后的转基因细胞Tca8113/TNF α的TNF α的分泌情况 ,为转基因细胞经致死剂量的放射线灭活作为“瘤苗”应用于临床前TNF α基因的有效表达提供依据。方法　利用基因转染技术 ,用逆转录病毒载体将肿瘤坏死因子基因 (TNF α基因 )转导入人舌癌Tca8113细胞 ,并获得表达 ;在此基础上 ,通过ELISA法分析转基因细胞Tca8113/TNF α在60 Co放射组及未放射组的TNF α分泌量的变化以及经液氮储存 4 8h、一周复苏后的TNF α分泌量的变化。结果　 (1) 60 Co放射组转基因细胞Tca8113/TNF α的TNF α的分泌量 (x±s) (pg/ml/ 10 6细胞 /2 4h)平均高达 (110± 5 6 2 ) ,而未转基因的Tca8113细胞的上清液中未检测到TNF α ,统计学上有明显的差异性 (P <0 0 1) ;(2 )经频率为 4 39 5cGy/min ,总剂量为 10 0 0 0cGy的60 Co放射后TNF α分泌量降低 ,但在 4～ 6d时有一分泌高峰 ;(3)转基因细胞Tca8113/TNF α经60 Co放射后在经 4 8h及一周的液氮内储存后TNF α能够分泌 ,其分泌量的变化趋势同储存前。 4 8h组和一周组之间无明显的统计学差异性。结论　转基因细胞Tca8113/TNF α作为“瘤苗”应用时 ,目的基因的表达可初步评价为有效     

复方芪蓝合剂对平阳霉素治疗实验性癌的增效作用研究

目的:寻找一种与抗癌药物合并使用的增效药物.方法:用5%DMBA涂擦金黄地鼠颊囊诱发颊癌后,用平阳霉素局部注射和肌注治疗实验性癌的同时,用复方芪蓝合剂灌胃,观察其减轻抗癌药物毒副作用以及抗癌的增效作用.结果:实验组动物的毒副反应明显低于对照组,而且治愈率高于对照组(p＜0.05).结论:复方芪蓝中药制剂与抗癌药物合用对抗癌药物有增效作用,而且可以减轻抗癌药物的毒副作用.     

Investigation on cobalt‐oxide nanoparticles cyto‐genotoxicity and inflammatory response in two types of respiratory cells

The increasing use of cobalt oxide (Co₃O₄) nanoparticles (NPs) in several applications and the suggested genotoxic potential of Co‐oxide highlight the importance of evaluating Co₃O₄ NPs toxicity. Cyto‐genotoxic and inflammatory effects induced by Co₃O₄ NPs were investigated in human alveolar (A549), and bronchial (BEAS‐2B) cells exposed to 1–40 µg ml^–1. The physicochemical properties of tested NPs were analysed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Cytotoxicity was studied to analyze cell viability (WST1 test) and membrane damage (LDH assay), direct/oxidative DNA damage was assessed by the Formamido‐pyrimidine glycosylase (Fpg)‐modified comet assay and inflammation by interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐8 and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) release (ELISA). In A549 cells, no cytotoxicity was found, whereas BEAS‐2B cells showed a viability reduction at 40 µg ml^–1 and early membrane damage at 1, 5 and 40 µg ml–1. In A549 cells, direct and oxidative DNA damage at 20 and 40 µg ml^–1 were detected without any effects on cytokine release. In BEAS‐2B cells, significant direct DNA damage at 40 µg ml^–1 and significant oxidative DNA damage with a peak at 5 µg ml^–1, that was associated with increased TNF‐α release at 1 µg ml^–1 after 2 h and increased IL‐8 release at 20 µg ml^–1 after 24 h, were detected. The findings show in the transformed alveolar cells no cytotoxicity and genotoxic/oxidative effects at 20 and 40 µg ml^–1. In normal bronchial cells, moderate cytotoxicity, direct DNA damage only at the highest concentration and significant oxidative‐inflammatory effects at lower concentrations were detected. The findings confirm the genotoxic‐oxidative potential of Co₃O₄ NPs and show greater sensitivity of BEAS‐2B cells to cytotoxic and oxidative‐inflammatory effects suggesting the use of different cell lines and multiple end‐points to elucidate Co₃O₄ NPs toxicity. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

肺炎支原体肺炎患儿支气管肺泡灌洗液中肺炎支原体耐药基因和13种病原检测结果分析北大核心CSCD

目的:了解肺炎支原体肺炎(MPP)患儿支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中肺炎支原体(MP)耐药基因和13种呼吸道病原的分布情况。方法:回顾性选择2018年1月至2019年1月北京大学第三医院和北京大学第一医院100例MPP患儿的BALF标本,采用荧光定量PCR法检测MP核酸及其耐药基因,采用多重PCR核酸检测技术测定甲型流感病毒、甲型流感病毒H_(1)N_(1)、甲型流感病毒H_(3)N_(2)、乙型流感病毒、人副流感病毒、腺病毒、人博卡病毒、人鼻病毒、肺炎衣原体、人偏肺病毒、MP、人冠状病毒和呼吸道合胞病毒核酸,采用 χ^(2)检验进行分析。 结果:100例BALF标本,荧光定量PCR法检测MP及耐药基因,83例(83.00%)MP阳性,其中78例(93.98%)耐药,均为23S rRNA结构域V区A2063G的点突变。多重PCR法检测13种呼吸道病原,89例(89.00%)阳性。79例(79.00%)检测到MP,其中74例(74.00%)仅检出MP,5例(5.00%)同时检出MP合并其他病原。10例(10.00%)检测出其他病原。0~4岁组病毒检出率高于>4~6岁组( P=0.042)和>6岁组( P=0.002),差异均有统计学意义。 结论:MPP患儿的BALF标本绝大部分可检测到MP,耐药现象严重,以A2063G的点突变为主。少数BALF标本中可检测到其他呼吸道病原和2种或3种病原。     

Evaluation of endogenous control gene(s) for gene expression studies in human blood exposed to 60Co γ-rays ex vivo

In gene expression studies, it is critical to normalize data using a stably expressed endogenous control gene in order to obtain accurate and reliable results. However, we currently do not have a universally applied endogenous control gene for normalization of data for gene expression studies, particularly those involving ⁶⁰Co γ-ray-exposed human blood samples. In this study, a comparative assessment of the gene expression of six widely used housekeeping endogenous control genes, namely 18S, ACTB, B2M, GAPDH, MT-ATP6 and CDKN1A, was undertaken for a range of ⁶⁰Co γ-ray doses (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 Gy) at 8.4 Gy min⁻¹ at 0 and 24 h post-irradiation time intervals. Using the NormFinder algorithm, real-time PCR data obtained from six individuals (three males and three females) were analyzed with respect to the threshold cycle (Ct) value and abundance, ΔCt pair-wise comparison, intra- and inter-group variability assessments, etc. GAPDH, either alone or in combination with 18S, was found to be the most suitable endogenous control gene and should be used in gene expression studies, especially those involving qPCR of γ-ray-exposed human blood samples.     

Simple Preparation of Novel Metal-Containing Mesoporous Starches

Metal-containing mesoporous starches have been synthesized using a simple and efficient microwave-assisted methodology followed by metal impregnation in the porous gel network. Final materials exhibited surface areas >60 m² g⁻¹, being essentially mesoporous with pore sizes in the 10–15 nm range with some developed inter-particular mesoporosity. These materials characterized by several techniques including XRD, SEM, TG/DTA and DRIFTs may find promising catalytic applications due to the presence of (hydr)oxides in their composition.     

Human recombinant arginase I(Co)-PEG5000 [HuArgI(Co)-PEG5000]-induced arginine depletion is selectively cytotoxic to human acute myeloid leukemia cells

In this study, we target arginine auxotrophy of AML cell lines using human arginase I cobalt-PEG5000. HuArgI(Co)-PEG5000 was cytotoxic to all AML cell lines tested. Mononuclear cells and CD₃₄⁺ blasts were not sensitive demonstrating the selectivity of HuArgI(Co)-PEG5000-induced arginine deprivation. Addition of l-citrulline led to the rescue of five cell lines. The four cell lines that were not rescued by l-citrulline did not express argininosuccinate synthetase-1, indicating complete arginine auxotrophy. Inhibition of autophagy increased cell sensitivity to HuArgI(Co)-PEG5000 demonstrating the protective role of autophagy following arginine deprivation.     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱（ICP）检测电生理导管可沥滤物的试验方法研究

本文采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法检测电生理导管中四种可沥滤物：硫酸钡,颜料黄53,颜料棕24和二氧化钛的含量。经方法验证,该方法校准曲线线性良好,线性范围达4~6个数量级;检出限极低,小于0.1μg/mL;回收率达到95%~103%;实验室内检测变异系数小于3%。该方法可同步测量多种超低痕量金属元素,大大减少了样品预处理和样品使用量,具有实用性和经济性,值得推广使用。