Criterion-related validity of the short form of the international physical activity questionnaire in adults who are Deaf

Background

To implement appropriate programs for promoting physical activity (PA) in people who are Deaf, it is important to have valid instruments for assessing PA in this population.

Changes in Gross Motor Function and Health-Related Quality of Life in Adults With Cerebral Palsy: An 8-Year Follow-Up Study

Objective

To describe changes in gross motor function and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in adults with cerebral palsy (CP).

Design

An 8-year follow-up survey.

Setting

Participants who completed the baseline survey in 2003 were invited.

Participants

The sample of adults with CP (N=54; response rate=37%) included a “younger group” (group 1; n=31; age, 23–27y; 15 women) and an “older group” (group 2; n=23; age, 33–42y; 10 women).

Interventions

Not applicable.

Main Outcome Measures

The Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), Self-Rated Health (SRH), the Health Utility Index Mark III (HUI₃), and the Assessment of Quality of Life (AQoL).

Results

Eight years after the initial survey, 27% of the participants in the combined group had deteriorations on the GMFCS, 52% on the SRH, 44% on the HUI₃, and 25% on the AQoL. Members of group 1 reported stable scores as they made the transition to adulthood, while many of the group 2 members experienced declines, with relative risk of 1.47 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.16–2.24) on the GMFCS, 1.36 (95% CI, 0.83–2.23) on the SRH, 1.19 (95% CI, 0.66–2.15) on the HUI₃, and 3.17 (95% CI, 1.12–9.00) on the AQoL.

Conclusions

Although much attention has focused on the transitions of persons with CP during their late teens and early 20s, this research found that deteriorations in the GMFCS levels and the HRQOL were most evident in adults in their late 20s and 30s. More detailed longitudinal studies are required to evaluate the longer-term health outcomes among persons with CP into their 30s and beyond.     

玉溪市成人社区获得性肺炎细菌谱及耐药性分析

目的：了解我市成人社区获得性肺炎病原菌分布及耐药情况．通过此菌谱及耐药情况的调查对我市社区获得性肺炎治疗有一定指导作用，以便更好地使用抗生素．方法：采用痰液细菌培养和药敏结果方法对我院呼吸科、干疗科100例社区获得性肺炎患者进行分析．结果：经细菌分离培养证实。部份细菌的耐药情况日益严重，抗菌药物治疗是社区获得性肺病炎的基本治疗．结论：成人社区获得性肺炎(CAP)是内科常见疾病，防止细菌耐药问题是今后提高治愈率的重要方向，合理应用抗生素是预防和控制细菌耐药的重要环节．     

成人急腹症B型超声诊断价值探讨

目的：探讨成人急腹症超声诊断价值。方法：回顾分析ll0例经临床及手术证实的成人急腹症的超声诊断。结果：临床诊断准确率为97．3％，在成人腹腔脓肿，肝破裂，急性胰腺炎，胰腺外伤等病的诊断准确率分别为91．3％，93．5％，92．7％。结论：超声诊断在成人急腹症具有重要的诊断价值。在大部分病例是首选的诊断手段。     

Serum lipid levels in an Iranian adults population: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

Data from 6246 participants aged 20–64 years (2339 males and 3907 females) in the cross-sectional phase of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (February 1999–May 2000) were used to determine distribution of serum lipid levels after 12–14 hour overnight fast. Mean total cholesterol (TC) concentration was 210 mg/dl. TC was significantly greater in females than males, 213 and 206 mg/dl, respectively (p < 0.0001). Thirty-one percent of population had TC values between 200 and 239 and 24% had values of 240 mg/dl or greater. Mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was 129 and 135 mg/dl in males and females, respectively (p < 0.0001). Twenty-seven percent had LDL-C values between 130 and 159 and 23% had values 160 mg/dl or greater. The mean triglycerides (TGs) values were 190 and 162 mg/dl for males and females, respectively (p < 0.0001). The mean high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was 39 in males and 45 mg/dl in females (p < 0.0001). The results showed higher levels of TC, LDL-C and TGs and slightly lower HDL-C in Tehranian adults than other studies in the industrialized countries.     

Staphylococcus aureus Meningitis in Adults: A Clinical Comparison of Infections Caused by Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Sensitive Strains

Background: This study was undertaken to compare the clinical characteristics of adult methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) meningitis and adult methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) meningitis. Patients and Methods: The clinical characteristics and therapeutic outcomes of 19 adult patients with S. aureus meningitis, including eight with MSSA infections and 11 with MRSA infections, were analyzed. A comparison was made between the clinical data of the patients with MSSA infections and those with MRSA infections. Results: Before the end of 1995, MSSA infection was involved in all the adult patients with S. aureus meningitis but thereafter, MRSA infection was involved in 79% of the cases. The clincial characteristics found in patients with MSSA infection included underlying medical disorders (75%), community-acquired infection (75%) and mortality rate (13%). The clinical characteristics found in patients with MRSA infection included post-neurosurgical states (91%), nosocomial infections (100%), men outnumbering women (8 : 3), hydrocephalus (36%) and mortality rate (56%). Comparitive study between the patient groups (hematogenous and post-neurosurgical) showed that only the mode of acquisition of infection had statistical significance. Conclusions: This study showed an increase in MRSA infections in adult S. aureus meningitis in recent years. The clinical characteristics of patients with MSSA and MRSA meningitis were different. Community-acquired infection was common in hematogenous S. aureus meningitis, while nosocomial infection was common in post-neurosurgical yS. aureus meningitis. Vancomycin should be considered as one of the drugs of choice for initial therapy of adult bacterial meningitis, especially in post-neurosurgical patients. Received: April 29, 2000 · Revision accepted: June 3, 2001