猕猴对不同极化方向微波辐射能量吸收的研究

为提供微波辐射安全标准必要的数据，研究了不同极化方向微波辐射能量对猕猴的影响。实验在医学微波无反射室中进行，分为电场，磁场和微波传输方向极化组，辐射频率１ＧＨｚ，用红外热图技术，对暴露在三种极化方向电磁场中猕猴面部各解剖特片部位及胸部在辐射前后进行温度变化的定量分析。     

Co-localization of histamine and norepinephrine in sympathetic ganglia and exocytosis of endogenous histamine from cardiac sympathetic nerve endings of macaca mulatto monkey

AIM To provide the evidence about localization, biosynthesis, metabolism and release of histamine from the cardiac sympathetic nerve terminals, and endogenous sympathetic histamine could inhibit itsel frelease from the nerve terminal through the presynaptic histamine H3 receptor. METHODS Using double-labeled immunohistochemistry to observe the co-localization of histamine and NE in the superior cer-vical ganglia (SCG) of macaca mulatto monkey; Different-speed centrifugation to obtain the cardiac sympathetic nerve terminal model (the cardiac synaptosomes), spectrofluorometer and ELISA techniques to detect the release of histamine from the cardiacsynaptosomes. RESULTS ( 1 ) The coexistence of histamine and norepinephrine immunoreactivities was identified in the same neuron within SCG of macaca mulatto monkey. (2) Depolarization of macaca mulatto monkey cardiac synaptosomes with 50 mmol/L potassium caused the release of endogenous histamine,     

异种表面角膜镜片术与泪液前列腺素E2含量的变化

目的对正常人和异种表面角膜镜片术（ｅｐｉｋｅｒａｔｏｐｈａｋｉａ，ＥＫＰ）后患者泪液前列腺素Ｅ２（ＰｒｏｓｔａｇｌａｎｄｉｎＥ２，ＰＧＥ２）含量的变化进行了测定，以评价异种ＥＫＰ与免疫反应之间的关系。方法对９例９眼施行了异种（恒河猴）ＥＫＰ，术前及术后１、３、７、１４、３０和６０天分别对９例患者的泪液ＰＧＥ２含量进行放免测定，随机选择１０名健康志愿者作为对照。结果异种ＥＫＰ术后泪液ＰＧＥ２含量显著增加，术后第２周达最高水平，为２７．２９μｇ／Ｌ，比正常对照组高出３．１倍，随后逐渐下降，但术后２个月仍高于术前水平。结论作者认为异种ＥＰＫ能诱导ＰＧＥ２的释放，进而导致免疫反应。术后ＰＧＥ２含量的早期变化可能是手术炎症与免疫应答的综合结果，而后期则与异种镜片抗原持续刺激单核—巨噬细胞释放ＰＧＥ２有关。术后早期局部应用类固醇激素和环氧酶抑制剂如消炎痛有利于减少ＰＧＥ２的释放从而抑制排斥反应的发生。     

美研究如何阻止病毒导致的免疫系统崩解

据医学空间网3月12日报道，当病毒感染人体后，会引起免疫细胞里一系列的生化及应。通常造成的结果是有效的免疫反应，使得病毒被清除且受感染获救。但是，在某些世界上最致命的病毒中，包括依波拉病毒、绿猴病毒和拉萨热病毒，以及导致1918年流感的流行性感冒病毒株，反而使免疫系统成为疾病中最危险的因素。突然发生的过度免疫反应，会使受感染发生休克死亡。[第一段]     

恒猴精索内注射长效局麻药后对睾丸和附睾的影响

在13只恒河猴精索内注射长效局麻药后,睾丸发生明显变化;而且给药剂量不同,睾丸曲精小管改变的程度和恢复正常的时间亦不同。睾丸间质细胞无明显变化;睾酮分泌不减少,无毒性反应。对临床男性节育应用及生殖生理研究均具有意义。     

DISTRIBUTION OF PARVALBUMIN，CALBINDIN－D28 AND CALRETININ IMMUNOREACTIVE NEURONS AND FIBERS IN THE MONKEY BASAL GANGLIA

Objective To investigate the cellular localization of parvalbumin(PV),calbindin-D28K(CB)and clretinin(CR)in the monkey basal ganglia.Methods Immunocytochemical technique was used to detect PV,CB and CR immunoreactivity in the basal ganglia.Results In the striatum,CB labeled medium-sized spiny projection neuronsshereas PV and CR marked two separate classes of aspiny interneurons,The striatal matrix compartment was markedly enriched with CB while striatal patches displayed a CR-ich neuropil,In the pallidum,virtually all neurons contained PV but none express CB,CR occured only in a small subpopulation of large and small pallidal neurons.In the subthalamic nucleus,there existed a multitude of PV-positive cells and fibers but the number of CR and CB-postive neuronal elements was small,In the substantia nigra/ventral tegmental area complex.CB and CR occured principally in dopaminergic neurons of the dorsal tier of the pars compacta and in those of the ventral tegmental area.PV was strickly confined to the GABAergic neurons of the pars reticular and lateralis.CB-rich fibers abounded in the pars reticular and lateralis,while CR-positive axons were confined to the pars compacta.Conclusion:CB and PV were distributed according to a strikingly complementary pattern in primate basal ganglia,and the use of CB and PV immunocytochemistry may be considered as an excellent tool to define distinct chemoarchitectonic and functional domains within the complex organization of the basal ganglia ,CR was less ubiquitous but occured in small basal ganglia components where it labeled distinct subsets of neurons.Such highly specific patterns of distribution indicate that CB,PV and CR may work in synery within primate basal ganglia.     

SRV—1实验感染猴淋巴结的病理形态学观察

实验感染SRV-1的12只恒河猴，通过活检和尸检的淋马结观察了淋巴结组织病理变化的全过程。淋巴结的病变可分为5个类型；Ⅰ.弥漫增生型；Ⅱ.巨泸泡增生型；Ⅲ.肉瘤样增生型；Ⅳ.清型和Ⅴ.淋巴组织耗竭型。随着感染后的不同时间5个类型交错存在和演变，应用免疫组化染色表明。除1例（89008）外，均显示淋巴结内有SRV-1 gp-20抗原的持续存在，最长者达2年。     

美考虑用天花疫苗控制猴痘流行

随着猴痘病毒在美国的传播,亚特兰大的疾病控制中心的科学家正在考虑用天花疫苗来保护猴痘病毒接触者。因为虽然猴痘的症状比天花稍微轻一点,但仍然可能致命。在中非和西非的天花扫除计划中,证明天花疫苗对猴痘病毒能起到很好的抵御作用。但是美国疾病控制中心国家传染病中心的副主任斯蒂芬·奥斯特夫补充说:“目前我还不知道是否有充分的数据,证明天花疫苗对已经接触猴痘病毒人群的有效性。”英国专家保罗·范则表示,从理论上说,天花疫苗对已经接触猴痘病毒的人仍可以起到保护作用。“如果能在接触带病毒者后很快就接种疫苗,应该有用。”