环境和遗传因素与广东前列腺癌关系的病例对照研究

Objective To explore the etiologic relationship of prostate cancer and environmental and genetic polymorphism in southern China. Methods A hospital-based and 1 : 1 matched case-control study was conducted. A total of 142 matched pains of subjects were investigated in this study. The blood samples were collected from 85 cases of prostate cancer and 82 controls of other diseases after informing consent. The CYPIAI ,CYPI7 and AR genes were analyzed by using the method of PCR, PCR-RFLP. The data were analyzed with conditional logistic regression model. Results An increased risk of prostate cancer development was observed with the early first spermatorrbea (age<18) (OR=2. 90,95% CI: 1.76-4. 80), early first sexual intercourse (age≤ 24) (OR=2. 38,95% CI: 1.14 -4. 96), frequent sexual intercourse before 35 year old (OR=1.80,95% CI: 1.19 -2. 70), family history of cancer (OR=2. 70,95% CI: 1.31 -5.58), more intake of pork (OR=2. 27,95% CI: 1.38 -3.70). Factors in lowing the risks were the fruit intake and drinking of green tea by OR value at 0. 25 (95% CI: 0. 08 -0. 75) and 0. 52 (95% CI:0. 28 -0. 96) respectively. CYP17 A1/A2 and CYP17 A2/A2 genotypes were related with a high risk of prostate cancer and OR values of 1.78 (95% CI: 0. 70 -4. 53) and 2. 57 (95% CI: 0. 91 -7. 25) respectively. Study also showed that there was an interaction between CYP17 polymorphisms and early first spermatorrbea and family cancer history related to the risk of prostate cancer with OR value at 13.35 (95%CI: 1.58 -113.00) and 4.01 (95% CI: 1.22 -13.17) respectively. Conclusion Sexual intercourse, dietary intake and family cancer history should be related to prostate cancer occurrence. CYP17 polymorphism might be associated with a high risk of prostate cancer. It suggests that there are multiple environmental and genetic factors to the prostate cancer.     

环境和遗传因素与广东前列腺癌关系的病例对照研究

Objective To explore the etiologic relationship of prostate cancer and environmental and genetic polymorphism in southern China. Methods A hospital-based and 1 : 1 matched case-control study was conducted. A total of 142 matched pains of subjects were investigated in this study. The blood samples were collected from 85 cases of prostate cancer and 82 controls of other diseases after informing consent. The CYPIAI ,CYPI7 and AR genes were analyzed by using the method of PCR, PCR-RFLP. The data were analyzed with conditional logistic regression model. Results An increased risk of prostate cancer development was observed with the early first spermatorrbea (age<18) (OR=2. 90,95% CI: 1.76-4. 80), early first sexual intercourse (age≤ 24) (OR=2. 38,95% CI: 1.14 -4. 96), frequent sexual intercourse before 35 year old (OR=1.80,95% CI: 1.19 -2. 70), family history of cancer (OR=2. 70,95% CI: 1.31 -5.58), more intake of pork (OR=2. 27,95% CI: 1.38 -3.70). Factors in lowing the risks were the fruit intake and drinking of green tea by OR value at 0. 25 (95% CI: 0. 08 -0. 75) and 0. 52 (95% CI:0. 28 -0. 96) respectively. CYP17 A1/A2 and CYP17 A2/A2 genotypes were related with a high risk of prostate cancer and OR values of 1.78 (95% CI: 0. 70 -4. 53) and 2. 57 (95% CI: 0. 91 -7. 25) respectively. Study also showed that there was an interaction between CYP17 polymorphisms and early first spermatorrbea and family cancer history related to the risk of prostate cancer with OR value at 13.35 (95%CI: 1.58 -113.00) and 4.01 (95% CI: 1.22 -13.17) respectively. Conclusion Sexual intercourse, dietary intake and family cancer history should be related to prostate cancer occurrence. CYP17 polymorphism might be associated with a high risk of prostate cancer. It suggests that there are multiple environmental and genetic factors to the prostate cancer.     

环境和遗传因素与广东前列腺癌关系的病例对照研究

Objective To explore the etiologic relationship of prostate cancer and environmental and genetic polymorphism in southern China. Methods A hospital-based and 1 : 1 matched case-control study was conducted. A total of 142 matched pains of subjects were investigated in this study. The blood samples were collected from 85 cases of prostate cancer and 82 controls of other diseases after informing consent. The CYPIAI ,CYPI7 and AR genes were analyzed by using the method of PCR, PCR-RFLP. The data were analyzed with conditional logistic regression model. Results An increased risk of prostate cancer development was observed with the early first spermatorrbea (age<18) (OR=2. 90,95% CI: 1.76-4. 80), early first sexual intercourse (age≤ 24) (OR=2. 38,95% CI: 1.14 -4. 96), frequent sexual intercourse before 35 year old (OR=1.80,95% CI: 1.19 -2. 70), family history of cancer (OR=2. 70,95% CI: 1.31 -5.58), more intake of pork (OR=2. 27,95% CI: 1.38 -3.70). Factors in lowing the risks were the fruit intake and drinking of green tea by OR value at 0. 25 (95% CI: 0. 08 -0. 75) and 0. 52 (95% CI:0. 28 -0. 96) respectively. CYP17 A1/A2 and CYP17 A2/A2 genotypes were related with a high risk of prostate cancer and OR values of 1.78 (95% CI: 0. 70 -4. 53) and 2. 57 (95% CI: 0. 91 -7. 25) respectively. Study also showed that there was an interaction between CYP17 polymorphisms and early first spermatorrbea and family cancer history related to the risk of prostate cancer with OR value at 13.35 (95%CI: 1.58 -113.00) and 4.01 (95% CI: 1.22 -13.17) respectively. Conclusion Sexual intercourse, dietary intake and family cancer history should be related to prostate cancer occurrence. CYP17 polymorphism might be associated with a high risk of prostate cancer. It suggests that there are multiple environmental and genetic factors to the prostate cancer.     

环境和遗传因素与广东前列腺癌关系的病例对照研究

Objective To explore the etiologic relationship of prostate cancer and environmental and genetic polymorphism in southern China. Methods A hospital-based and 1 : 1 matched case-control study was conducted. A total of 142 matched pains of subjects were investigated in this study. The blood samples were collected from 85 cases of prostate cancer and 82 controls of other diseases after informing consent. The CYPIAI ,CYPI7 and AR genes were analyzed by using the method of PCR, PCR-RFLP. The data were analyzed with conditional logistic regression model. Results An increased risk of prostate cancer development was observed with the early first spermatorrbea (age<18) (OR=2. 90,95% CI: 1.76-4. 80), early first sexual intercourse (age≤ 24) (OR=2. 38,95% CI: 1.14 -4. 96), frequent sexual intercourse before 35 year old (OR=1.80,95% CI: 1.19 -2. 70), family history of cancer (OR=2. 70,95% CI: 1.31 -5.58), more intake of pork (OR=2. 27,95% CI: 1.38 -3.70). Factors in lowing the risks were the fruit intake and drinking of green tea by OR value at 0. 25 (95% CI: 0. 08 -0. 75) and 0. 52 (95% CI:0. 28 -0. 96) respectively. CYP17 A1/A2 and CYP17 A2/A2 genotypes were related with a high risk of prostate cancer and OR values of 1.78 (95% CI: 0. 70 -4. 53) and 2. 57 (95% CI: 0. 91 -7. 25) respectively. Study also showed that there was an interaction between CYP17 polymorphisms and early first spermatorrbea and family cancer history related to the risk of prostate cancer with OR value at 13.35 (95%CI: 1.58 -113.00) and 4.01 (95% CI: 1.22 -13.17) respectively. Conclusion Sexual intercourse, dietary intake and family cancer history should be related to prostate cancer occurrence. CYP17 polymorphism might be associated with a high risk of prostate cancer. It suggests that there are multiple environmental and genetic factors to the prostate cancer.     

环境和遗传因素与广东前列腺癌关系的病例对照研究

Objective To explore the etiologic relationship of prostate cancer and environmental and genetic polymorphism in southern China. Methods A hospital-based and 1 : 1 matched case-control study was conducted. A total of 142 matched pains of subjects were investigated in this study. The blood samples were collected from 85 cases of prostate cancer and 82 controls of other diseases after informing consent. The CYPIAI ,CYPI7 and AR genes were analyzed by using the method of PCR, PCR-RFLP. The data were analyzed with conditional logistic regression model. Results An increased risk of prostate cancer development was observed with the early first spermatorrbea (age<18) (OR=2. 90,95% CI: 1.76-4. 80), early first sexual intercourse (age≤ 24) (OR=2. 38,95% CI: 1.14 -4. 96), frequent sexual intercourse before 35 year old (OR=1.80,95% CI: 1.19 -2. 70), family history of cancer (OR=2. 70,95% CI: 1.31 -5.58), more intake of pork (OR=2. 27,95% CI: 1.38 -3.70). Factors in lowing the risks were the fruit intake and drinking of green tea by OR value at 0. 25 (95% CI: 0. 08 -0. 75) and 0. 52 (95% CI:0. 28 -0. 96) respectively. CYP17 A1/A2 and CYP17 A2/A2 genotypes were related with a high risk of prostate cancer and OR values of 1.78 (95% CI: 0. 70 -4. 53) and 2. 57 (95% CI: 0. 91 -7. 25) respectively. Study also showed that there was an interaction between CYP17 polymorphisms and early first spermatorrbea and family cancer history related to the risk of prostate cancer with OR value at 13.35 (95%CI: 1.58 -113.00) and 4.01 (95% CI: 1.22 -13.17) respectively. Conclusion Sexual intercourse, dietary intake and family cancer history should be related to prostate cancer occurrence. CYP17 polymorphism might be associated with a high risk of prostate cancer. It suggests that there are multiple environmental and genetic factors to the prostate cancer.     

广东地区前列腺癌发病与家族史和婚育史关系的病例对照研究

背景与目的:前列腺癌(prostate cancer)是欧美发达国家老年男性的常见恶性肿瘤之一,中国前列腺癌的发病率较低,但逐年上升.国内前列腺癌的病因学研究主要集中于上海、武汉和北京等地区,而来自广东地区的报道较少.本研究旨在探讨广东地区前列腺癌与家族史和婚育史的病因学关联.方法:在中山大学4所附属医院开展一项病例对照研究(1:2配对),匹配条件为年龄组(±5岁)、性别、民族和居住地类型相同.调查以面谈为主,辅以调查病历记录,采用条件Logistic回归法分析数据.结果:本次调查共获得有效资料186份,其中前列腺癌患者62例,良性前列腺增生的患者62例和其他疾病对照62例.以前列腺增生为对照,遗精年龄小于15岁者患前列腺癌的危险是18岁以上者的6.37倍(95%CI=0.63～63.95);与30岁以上首次进行性生活者相比,首次性生活年龄小者患前列腺癌的危险增高,20～24岁组OR=2.25(95%CI=0.75～6.71),25～29岁组OR=2.34(95%CI=0.89～6.13);60岁以后失去性生活者是前列腺癌的保护因素,60～69岁OR=0.51(95%CI=0.20～1.27),70岁及以上组OR=0.31(95%CI=0.08～1.24).以其它疾病为对照,有一个一级亲属患恶性肿瘤者患前列腺癌的危险是无恶性肿瘤家族史的2.25倍(95%CI=0.69～7.31);首次性生活年龄小于20岁者患前列腺癌的危险是30岁及以上者的5.07倍(95%CI=0.50～51.46);而60岁以后失去性生活者是前列腺癌发生的保护因素,60～69岁组OR=0.55(95%CI=0.24～1.26),70岁及以上组OR=0.41(0.11～1.47).结论:首次遗精年龄和首次性生活年龄较早均为前列腺癌的危险因素,有恶性肿瘤家族史者患前列腺癌的危险增加.     

中国肝癌一级预防专家共识(2018)

肝癌是我国最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其病因主要包括HBV、HCV感染和黄曲霉毒素,蓝藻毒素和多种可干预的个体行为方式在肝癌发生发展中也具有重要作用,实施肝癌病因的一级预防措施是在中国降低其疾病负担的重要途径。根据中国肝癌的流行病学特征,结合在中国人群中开展并获得的肝癌一级预防措施的证据,本专家共识探讨了乙型肝炎疫苗接种,包括针对不同HBV感染状态母亲的新生儿及儿童的乙型肝炎疫苗接种程序;慢性乙型、丙型肝炎患者的抗病毒治疗;预防和避免黄曲霉毒素及蓝藻毒素暴露;改变高危致癌风险相关的生活方式等,以期推进中国肝癌的有效预防。     

Logistic回归模型在早期鼻咽癌多指标联合辅助诊断实验的应用

背景与目的:目前用于鼻咽癌辅助诊断的指标较多,但大部分早期诊断的效果较差.如何联合多个指标进行辅助诊断是近年研究的重点.本研究旨在评价鼻咽癌常用诊断指标VCA/IgA、EA/IgA、EBV DNA、EBNA1/IgA、EBNAl/IgG和ZTA/IgG的诊断价值.并采用logistic回归筛选优化的联合诊断组合.方法:对8l例未经治疗的病理确诊鼻咽癌患者和89例健康体检者分别采用实时荧光定量PCR法测定EB病毒DNA,计算病毒拷贝数,采用间接免疫酶法测定EBV、VCA/IgA和EA/IgA,采用酶联吸附试验(ELISA法)检测EBNA1/IgG、EBNA1/IgA以及ZTA/IgG.通过ROC曲线评价各指标单独和联合诊断鼻咽癌的效果.用logistic回归综合两指标信息,根据ROC曲线确定诊断界值,以增加鼻咽癌诊断的准确性.结果:logistic回归方法的诊断敏感度和特异度比常规的并联实验均有提高.筛选的优化组合方案为EBV DNA+EBNA1/IgA和VCA/IgA+EBNAI/IgA,两组合的并联试验敏感度和特异度分别为0.96、0.82和1.00、0.84,而logistic回归预测概率为诊断指标.ROC曲线确定界值时.两组合的灵敏度和特异度分别为1.00、0.87和0.98、0.88.结论:多指标联合建立logistic回归模型,利用预测概率进行辅助诊断能够达到同时提高灵敏度和特异度的效果,可供临床参考.     

广东省四会市1976-2005年1761例鼻咽癌患者的生存率分析

目的 为分析四会市鼻咽癌生存率和评价高发现场30年肿瘤防治效果.方法 在四会市肿瘤发病登记制度和死因登记制度的基础上,收集了1761例鼻咽癌患者的随访资料.统计指标包括5、10年生存率和中位生存时间,Cox回归用于分析独立的预后因素.结果 四会市人群鼻咽癌5和10年生存率分别为50.62%和37.01%,中位生存时间为5.05年.1993年后诊断的患者5年生存率为58.8%,比1993年以前诊断患者的5年生存率43.3%有明显改善.其他与预后有关的因素包括性别、年龄、临床分期和诊断医院.结论 四会市鼻咽癌患者的生存率有明显改善,主要与治疗水平提高有关.而鼻咽癌死亡率的下降仍需要长期观察.