流行病学论文数据分析思路

数据分析是根据现有认识对数据从不同角度进行统计分析,对结果进行解释、归纳,逐步形成新认识的过程,也就是将数据转换为证据的过程。分析结果最终以论文方式发表。准确、清晰、全面严谨的数据分析思路对形成有说服力的结论非常关键。本文将就如何快速建立流行病学论文数据分析思路与分析方法进行探讨。     

支气管哮喘与气道反应性之间相互关系的分析

目的评价气道反应性对支气管哮喘发病的影响，探讨哮喘的病因。方法在三个县的范围内，依据哮喘患者作为指示病例确定了６４１个哮喘核心家系，对哮喘家系中的每位成员逐一询问调查，同时测定每位成员的气道反应性。用ＥＰＩ５．０１程序软件处理分析资料，计算优势比（ＯＲ）来评价气道反应性与哮喘之间的关系。结果７２％有哮喘史者气道反应测定为阳性，气道高反应性者仅有７０％的人患过哮喘；哮喘家系中气道反应阳性的亲属患哮喘的危险性显著增加，是气道反应阴性亲属的５．８倍（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论气道高反应性是哮喘的重要危险因素之一     

二乙基对硝基苯磷酯酶2基因G/A148多态性与2型糖尿病及血脂的关系

目的：了解二乙基对硝基苯磷酯酶（PON）2基因G／A148多态性与中国北方地区人群2型糖尿病的相关性及其与血脂等的关系。方法：采用配偶对的病例－对照研究设计，用聚合酶链反应（PCR）－长度多态性的方法检测PON2基因G／A148多态性。结果：PON2基因G／A148多态性的基因型频率和等位基因频率在2型糖尿病组和对照组间差异无显著性意义。与非肥胖、无G等位基因相比，肥胖无G等位基因时，发生2型糖尿病的危害险度（OR）值为2．04；肥胖有G等位基因时，OR增至3．18。在对照人群中，含G等位基因组的总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）及载脂蛋白B（ApoB)水平均比AA基因型组高。G等位基因对高脂血症的OR为2．48，P＝0．5。结论：在中国北方地区人群中PON2基因G／A148多态性与肥胖有协同促进2型糖尿病发生的作用。在非糖尿病人群中，此多态性与总胆固醇等血脂水平显著相关。     

MTHFR C677T基因多态性与高同型半胱氨酸型高血压关联性研究

目的 探索安徽农村地区影响高同型半胱氨酸型高血压(H型高血压)发生的基因和环境危险因素.方法 在安徽农村地区入选226名高血压患者,测定N5,10-亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶(MTHFR)C677T基因型和血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平.结果 (1)所调查的高血压人群男性Hcy水平显著高于女性(P<0.01);男性H型高血压患病率(71.3%)高于女性(48.0%).(2)TT基因型与CC+CT基因型相比,Hcy水平显著增加,H型高血压的比例显著增加.(3)其他相关变量与Hcy水平的多元线性回归模型及与H型高血压多因素Logistic回归模型分析,均未发现年龄、吸烟、饮酒和体质指数与Hcy水平有显著性的相关(均有P>0.05).结论 安徽农村地区高血压人群中MTHFR C677T基因突变可能是H型高血压发病的重要遗传因素且存在性别差异,建议该人群应该尽早做相关的检测以检查是否发生高同型半胱氨酸血症.     

不同仪器测量的骨密度的相关与回归性研究

目的;分析大小骨密度仪不同部位测定结果的相关与回归。方法：对341名调查对象用两种骨密度仪测量不同部位的骨密度,对所获取资料经相关与回归分析。结果：不同部位不同仪器的骨密度值具有很强的相关性（P＜0．01）,以小骨密度仪测量值为自变量,以大肌密度测量值为因变量可以建立回归方程。结论：不同仪器测量的骨密度具有很强的相关与回归性。     

螨抗原皮肤过敏试验结果分析

为进一步了解人群对螨过敏的情况，我们根据美国哈佛大学与安徽美中生物医学环境卫生研究所开展的支气管哮喘分子遗传流行病学研究资料，对支气管哮喘核心家系成员对螨抗原的皮肤过敏试验进行调查分析。１　调查对象与方法１．１　研究对象１９９５年２月至１９９６年６月先后在安徽省枞阳、怀宁、潜山３县开展支气管哮喘分子遗传学的调查，调查对象以核心家系为单位，即父母双方健在，且最多只有１人患哮喘，子女有２个或２个以上，且至少有１人患哮喘，所有调查对象均在６岁以上。受试对象为符合条件的核心家系中成员，同意接受此试验前３…     

The association between PPP1R3 gene polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Objective To detect the relationship between the polymorphism of the glycogen-targeting r egulatory subunit of the skeletal muscle glycogen-associated protein phosphatas e 1 (PPP1R3) gene and type 2 diabetes by case-control study.Methods We genotyped the PPP1R3 gene Asp905Tyr polymorphism and a common 3’-untranslate d region AT (AU)-rich element (ARE) polymorphism in 101 type 2 diabetic patient s and 101 controls by oligonucleotide ligation assay (OLA) and polyacrylamide ge l elecrophoresis, respectively.Results Subjects with Tyr/Tyr genotypes whose body mass index (BMI)&lt;25 were used as the reference group.Those whose BMI25 with Asp905 had a 3.66-fold increase (95 % CI: 1.48-9.06, P=0.005) in type 2 diabetes risk.No association was fo und between 3’UTR ARE polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus (OR=1.15; 95% C I: 0.62-2.14, P=0.65). Conclusion A joint effect between the Asp905 and BMI increases the risk of type 2 diabetes, and Asp905Tyr and ARE polymorphism of PPP1R3 gene are not the major diabetogeni c gene variants in Chinese population.     

Cigarette Smoking is Associated with Decreased Sperm Density

Objectives To study the association between cigarette smoking and sperm density in men of reproductive age. Methods We enrolled 224 male employees of a modern petrochemical plant in Nanjing, China. These men had no prior history of infertility or other reproductive diseases. Epidemiologic data, including information on smoking and other occupational and lifestyle exposures were obtained by a questionnaire interview. Semen specimens were collected from each participant and analyzed according to the WHO guidelines. Regression analyses were performed to estimate the effect of smoking on sperm density. Results Approximately 67% of the subjects had ever smoked cigarettes. Different measurements of smoking behavior were each associated with decreased sperm density. There was a significant dose-response trend between the tertites of total smoking amount in pack-years and sperm density. As compared to men who never smoked, current smokers had a significant reduction in sperm density (-13.3×106/ml; 95% CI, - 24