液晶数字显示角度仪在全髋关节置换术中的应用价值

目的:探讨在全髋关节置换术中使用液晶数字显示角度仪控制前倾角的应用价值。方法:回顾分析自2018年1月至2019年12月83例行初次全髋关节置换术的患者,其中男28例,女55例;年龄42~81(70.4±7.9)岁。股骨颈骨折63例,股骨头缺血性坏死20例。所有患者术中使用液晶数显角度仪控制髋臼杯假体的前倾角,术后采用CT扫描,测量髋臼杯的前倾角,两者进行比较,了解使用液晶数显角度仪的准确性。结果:术后CT测量提示患者的髋臼前倾角均位于Lewinnek提倡的安全区内,术中使用液晶数显角度仪测量髋臼杯的前倾角度中位数为14.20°(12.80~15.40)°,术后CT扫描测量的髋臼杯的前倾角中位数为14.20°(13.40~15.50)°,两者比较差异无统计学意义(Z=-1.725,P=0.085)。结论:应用液晶数显角仪器对术中控制髋臼杯的前倾角是一种准确可靠的方法,具有良好的辅助参考价值。     

Immunogenicity and immunoprotection of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) Cap protein displayed by Lactococcus lactis

The capsid (Cap) protein, an important immunoprotective protein of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), was expressed on the cell surface of the Gram-positive food-grade bacterium, Lactococcus lactis. Cap protein was fused to the peptidoglycan binding domain (known as the protein anchor domain, PA) of the lactococcal AcmA cell-wall hydrolase. The Cap protein fusion was non-covalently rebound to the surface of non-genetically modified, non-living high-binder L. lactis cells (designated Gram-positive enhancer matrix (GEM) particles). Expression of the recombinant GEM-displaying capsid protein (GEM-PA-Cap) was verified by Western blotting and immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy assays. To evaluate the immunogenicity of the recombinant Cap protein (rCap), 20 PCV2-seronegative piglets were immunized with the GEM-PA-Cap subunit vaccine, GEM alone, or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, challenge control and empty control). Each group consisted of five piglets. The results showed that the level of PCV2-specific antibodies in piglets immunized with the GEM-PA-Cap subunit vaccine was significantly higher than that of the piglets immunized with GEM alone or the control group at all the time points post-vaccination (P < 0.01). After challenge with the PCV2 wild-type strain, piglets that received the GEM-PA-Cap subunit vaccine showed significantly higher average daily weight gain (DWG) and shorter fever duration than the other two groups (P < 0.001). Furthermore, a significant reduction in the gross lung lesion scores and lymph node lesion scores was noted in the GEM-PA-Cap-immunized group compared with the scores of the GEM or PBS-treated group (P < 0.01). The results suggest that recombinant rCap displayed by L. lactis GEM particles provided the piglets with significant immunoprotection from PCV2-associated disease. Thus, the novel GEM-PA-Cap subunit vaccine has potential to be considered an effective and safe candidate vaccine against PCV2 infection in piglets.     

Getting consent into perspective

This article continues a debate with Gareth Jones about the ethics of anatomy. The article discusses the distinction between direct and indirect reasons to require the deceased's consent prior to anatomical use. Getting this distinction wrong has potentially radical and unwelcome implications for the ethics of many uses of dead bodies. The article then exposes an ambiguity in asking what anatomical uses are ethical: we must distinguish between, on the one hand, who ought to have the power to make decisions and, on the other, how those with power ought to exercise it. It then applies this distinction to the ethics of the public display of bodies for entertainment. Clin. Anat. 27:844–846, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

螺旋CT在上颌前部埋伏阻生牙定位中的临床应用

目的：探索三维CT成像和多层面重建技术（MPR）在骨内埋伏阻生牙中的应用价值。方法：对9例埋伏阻生牙患者，应用螺旋CT的图像处理功能，采用表现阴影成像法和多层面重建技术，获得单纯牙体表面图像和任意平面、任意曲面的断层像。结果：能清晰的显示上颌前部埋伏阻生牙的形态、唇侧或腭侧位置、萌出方向及与邻牙的关系。结论：螺旋CT三维成像和多层面重建技术是一种即能立体展示牙齿表面形态，又能精确判断牙齿位置的影像学技术，可作为骨内埋伏阻生牙外科处理和正畸治疗前的检查手段。     

Integrating high‐throughput screening and sequencing for monoclonal antibody discovery and engineering

Monoclonal antibody discovery and engineering is a field that has traditionally been dominated by high‐throughput screening platforms (e.g. hybridomas and surface display). In recent years the emergence of high‐throughput sequencing has made it possible to obtain large‐scale information on antibody repertoire diversity. Additionally, it has now become more routine to perform high‐throughput sequencing on antibody repertoires to also directly discover antibodies. In this review, we provide an overview of the progress in this field to date and show how high‐throughput screening and sequencing are converging to deliver powerful new workflows for monoclonal antibody discovery and engineering.     

结肠癌组织中差异表达基因的筛选和鉴定

目的 筛选和克隆结肠癌和正常结肠组织差异表达的基因片段,为探讨结肠癌的发病机制提供线索。方法 应用基因差异显示技术（DD—PCR）,比较结肠癌和正常结肠组织基因表达的差异,对其中一条有明显差异的基因片段进行克隆、测序,测序结果提交GenBank数据库中进行同源性分析,并用半定量RT—PCR进行初步鉴定。结果 同源性分析表明,该片段与已知基因DDX32高度同源（99％）。RT—PCR结果显示,在结肠癌组织中该基因mRNA的表达水平显著高于正常结肠组织（P〈0．05）。结论 DD—PCR是筛选差异表达基因的有效手段;在结肠癌组织中DDX32基因的表达显著高于正常结肠组织,此结果为研究DDX32基因在结肠癌发病中的作用提供了线索。     

高转移肺癌细胞株95 D中特异表达的C3orf1基因分析

目的 进一步了解肺癌转移的分子机制,筛选高转移肺癌中差异表达的基因。方法 利用荧光差异显示技术（DD—PCR）获得差异片段,对这些片段进行克隆和序列分析。通过在GenBank中同源性检索,查找差异片段相对应的同源基因。利用定量PCR检测验证该基因表达的差异性,并对该基因的结构进行预测。结果 通过DD—PCR得到9个差异片段,其中一个片段对应于C3orf1基因。定量PCR验证的结果表明,C3orf1基因在高转移肺癌中的表达量显著高于其他被测试的5种肿瘤细胞。该基因的读码框长858bp,编码285个氨基酸,分子量约32200。蛋白质结构预测分析发现,该基因含有7个类似表皮生长信号区,N端有一含有24个氨基酸的信号肽,并且还可能有3个2S-2Fe铁氧化还原蛋白铁硫结合信号区,2个维持自身静态平衡的VWFC信号区和2个硫解酶活性区。结论 C3orf1基因在高转移肺癌中异常表达,可能是分泌型的生长因子类蛋白,刺激细胞的生长。