Comparison between orlistat plus l-carnitine and orlistat alone on inflammation parameters in obese diabetic patients

To evaluate the effects of 1-year treatment with orlistat plus L-carnitine compared to orlistat alone on body weight, glycemic and lipid control, and inflammatory parameters in obese type 2 diabetic patients. Two hundred and fifty-eight patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [glycated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) > 8.0%] in therapy with different oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin were enrolled in this study and randomized to take orlistat 120 mg three times a day plus L-carnitine 2 g one time a day or orlistat 120 mg three times a day. We evaluated the following parameters at baseline and after 3, 6, 9, and 12 months: body weight, body mass index (BMI), glycated hemoglobin (HbA(1c) ), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial plasma glucose (PPG), fasting plasma insulin (FPI), homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (Tg), adiponectin (ADN), leptin, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), vaspin, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP). We observed a better decrease in body weight, glycemic profile, HOMA-IR, LDL-C, and ADN and a faster improvement in FPI, TC, Tg, leptin, TNF-α, Hs-CRP with orlistat plus L-carnitine compared to orlistat alone. We also recorded an improvement in vaspin with orlistat plus l-carnitine not reached with orlistat alone. Orlistat plus L-carnitine gave a better improvement in body weight, glycemic and lipid profile compared to orlistat alone; furthermore, a faster and better improvement in inflammatory parameters was observed with orlistat plus L-carnitine compared to orlistat alone.     

Vaspin对巨噬细胞THP-1向泡沫细胞转变的抑制作用

目的 腹腔脂肪型丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂(visceral adipose tissue-derived serine protease inhibitor, vaspin)是新发现的脂肪因子,对代谢性疾病具有改善作用。该研究旨在研究vaspin对体外培养的THP-1细胞泡沫化的影响。方法 100nM佛波酯孵育THP-1巨噬细胞48h后分为对照组,氧化低密度脂蛋白组(ox-LDL浓度50μg/ml,48h),vaspin干预组(vaspin终浓度100ng/ml,预孵24h);采用油红0染色法检测vaspin对THP-1细胞泡沫化的影响;Real-time PCR和Western blot法检测vaspin对THP-1细胞中酰基辅酶A胆固醇酰基转移酶-1(acy1-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltrasferase-1,ACAT-1)、ATP结合盒转运体A1(ATP binding casstte transporterA1,ABCA1)及细胞清道夫受体-A1(scavenger receptor-A1, SR-A1)mRNA及蛋白表达水平的影响。结果 与ox-LDL组比较,ox-LDL+vaspin组巨噬细胞泡沫化程度明显下降(P＜0.05);ox-LDL+vaspin组ACAT-1和SR-A1 mRNA及蛋白表达水平明显降低(P＜0.05),而ABCA1 mRNA及蛋白表达水平明显升高(P＜0.05)。结论 vaspin能够抑制巨噬细胞向泡沫细胞的转化,发挥抗动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis, As)的作用。     

Serum vaspin levels: A possible correlation with digital ulcers in patients with systemic sclerosis

Vaspin is an adipokine implicated in vascular inflammation and remodeling. We herein evaluated the clinical correlation of serum vaspin levels in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Consistent with previous reports, 12% of subjects exhibited serum vaspin levels over 10 ng/mL, likely due to genetic effects. Excluding these subjects, despite no difference between SSc and control subjects, serum vaspin levels were significantly decreased in SSc patients with digital ulcers compared with those without, suggesting the potential contribution of vaspin to digital ulcers of this disease.     

血清内脂素、Vaspin与糖尿病肾病的相关性

目的 探讨2型糖尿病肾病患者血清内脂素、丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂（vaspin）水平与糖尿病肾病的相关性.方法 选择98例2型糖尿病患者,根据尿白蛋白排泄率分为3组：正常蛋白尿组（UAER＜ 20 μg/min）35例,微量蛋白尿组（UAER 20～200 μg/min）33例,大量蛋白尿组（UAER＞ 200 μg/min）30例;另选健康体检正常者35例为对照组.采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测受检者血清内脂素、vaspin水平,同时测定空腹血糖（FPG）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、空腹胰岛素（FIns）,并测量体质量指数（BMI）、收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）,比较各组间差异.结果 3组患者血清内脂素水平明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;血清vaspin在正常蛋白尿组明显高于对照组、微量蛋白尿组和大量蛋白尿组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.内脂素和vaspin分别与BMI、SBP、FPG、HbA1c、LDL-C和FIns呈正相关（P＜0.01）,与HDL-C呈负相关（P＜0.01）.结论 血清内脂素水平随着2型糖尿病肾病的发展而逐渐升高,可能参与了2型糖尿病肾病的发生、发展,而vaspin与肥胖、体脂分布以及脂代谢关系密切,可以作为早期2型糖尿病监测指标.     

2型糖尿病患者新型脂肪因子血清内脏脂肪素和内脏脂肪特异性丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制因子的表达水平与左心室肥厚的关系

目的 研究2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)患者新型脂肪因子血清内脏脂肪素(visfatin)、内脏脂肪特异性丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制因子(vaspin)的表达水平与左心室肥厚(left ventricular hypertrophy,LVH)的关系。探讨影响T2DM患者发生LVH的相关因素。方法 入选93例明确诊断为T2DM患者,行超声心动图检查评估心脏结构功能,并计算左室心肌质量指数(left ventricular mass index,LVMI)。根据 LVMI 将患者分为 T2DM合并LVH 组(病例组,n=45)与T2DM不合并 LVH 组(对照组,n=48),收集患者一般情况,检测生物化学指标、血清vaspin和visfatin等指标。分析vaspin和visfatin在T2DM中表达情况与 LVH 的相关性。结果 相较于对照组,病例组的visfatin和vaspin浓度升高[(4.57±2.74)ng/mL vs (3.35±2.05)ng/mL,(417.40±230.71)pg/mL vs (328.07±218.99)pg/mL,P<0.05]。Logistic多因素回归分析显示,visfatin、冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein-cholesterol,HDL-C)是T2DM合并 LVH 的独立预测因素(P<0.05)。在对visfatin与糖脂代谢相关因素分析中发现,T2DM人群中visfatin浓度与HDL-C呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论 在T2DM患者中,随着 LVMI的增加,血清visfatin浓度增加。Visfatin可能参与了T2DM发生LVH的病理过程,并与糖脂代谢紊乱相关。Visfatin可能是T2DM患者发生 LVH 的预测因素。     

Serum vaspin and adiponectin levels in patients with prolactinoma

Background: Studies investigating serum vaspin and adiponectin levels in patients with prolactinoma are inconclusive. The aim of this study was to evaluate serum vaspin and adiponectin levels in patients with prolactinoma and healthy controls. Methods: A total of 42 prolactinoma patients (Group 1, 21 patients; Group 2, 21 patients) and 30 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Group 1 consisted of newly diagnosed patients who were never treated or had not received a dopamine agonist (DA) within 6 months prior to screening. Group 2 consisted of prolactinoma patients who were on DA treatment for at least 6 months at the time of screening. The control group (group 3) consisted of healthy controls. Results. Patients with prolactinoma had higher homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and lower quantitative insulin sensitivity check index values in comparison to healthy controls (p?vaspin were also significantly lower in prolactinoma patients when compared to the control group (p?p?vaspin were 2.733 (0.621–12.035; p?>?0.05) and 5.041 (1.191–21.339; p?Conclusion: This is the first study to demonstrate the presence of low vaspin levels in patients with prolactinomas. Further studies are needed to help establish the roles of vaspin and adiponectin in prolactinoma patients.     

Vaspin – a link of obesity and psoriasis?

Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease often associated with obesity. The anti-inflammatory adipokine vaspin, a suggested serine proteinase inhibitor of the serpin family, is discussed as a new link between inflammation and obesity. Here, we demonstrate that - different from healthy controls - vaspin serum levels in patients with psoriasis were body mass index independent. Moreover, we could identify keratinocytes as the major source of vaspin in skin. Vaspin expression in lesional psoriatic skin was reduced compared with uninvolved skin as shown by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. In aggregate, we report on the cellular source of vaspin in skin and its expression in psoriasis.     

胃转流术对2型糖尿病大鼠内脏脂肪组织vaspin mRNA表达的影响

目的：探讨胃转流术（gastric bypass,GBP）对2型糖尿病大鼠（T2DM）脂肪组织 vaspin mRNA 表达的影响。方法采用高脂饮食联合链脲佐菌素建立 SD T2DM 大鼠模型,随机分为 T2DM-GBP 组（A 组）和 T2DM-假手术组（B 组）,另取周龄、性别相匹配的正常 SD 大鼠,随机分为 GBP 组（C 组）和假手术组（D 组）。分别于术前及术后第4周和第8周检测大鼠的空腹血糖（FPG）水平,术后第8周处死大鼠,RT-PCR 方法检测内脏脂肪组织 vaspin mRNA 表达。结果术后A 组 FPG 水平呈进行性下降,术后第4周、第8周 FPG 水平均低于术前（P 〈0.05）,B 组、C 组、D 组内手术前及术后第4周、第8周 FPG 水平变化差异无统计学意义（P 〉0.05）。术后8周 A 组、 C 组、D 组大鼠内脏脂肪组织 vaspin mRNA 表达水平比较,差异无统计学意义（P 〉0.05）,而 C 组内脏脂肪组织 vaspin mRNA 表达水平分别高于 A 组、C 组、D 组,差异有统计学意义（P 〈0.05）。结论 GBP 手术能显著降低 T2DM 大鼠血糖,可能与术后 vaspin mRNA 表达水平降低,胰岛素敏感性改善有关。     

Vaspin (but not neuropeptide B or neuropeptide W) as a possible predictor of body weight normalization in anorexia nervosa

IntroductionThe aim of the study was to evaluate the correlation between the nutritional status of patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and levels of vaspin (VASP), neuropeptide B (NPB), neuropeptide W (NPW) and total antioxidant status (TAS).Material and methodsNinety serum samples collected from 30 teenage female patients during the acute stage of AN and 30 healthy persons (CONTR) were subjected to biochemical analysis; patients with AN were examined at the beginning of the study (AN-I) and after hospitalization (AN-II), as a result of which partial stabilization of anthropometric measurements was achieved (an increase of body mass index (BMI) by 3.5 kg/m²).ResultsVaspin levels dropped at the end of the hospitalization (compared to AN-I, p < 0.05), achieving values comparable to the CONTR; moreover there was a positive correlation between VASP level and the achieved body weight in AN-II (p < 0.05). Positive correlations were also noted with regard to VASP vs. NPB in AN-I (p < 0.02) (and AN-II, p < 0.013), as well as in the case of VASP vs. NPW in the same groups (p < 0.02 and p < 0.015, respectively). NPB concentration was higher in AN-I (p < 0.05) and AN-II (p < 0.018) than in CONTR, whereas there were no differences (p > 0.05) with regard to levels of VASP, NPW, or TAS.ConclusionsThe high level of NPB despite treatment and normalization of VASP level may suggest that there are chronic neuroendocrine disorders at play in anorexia nervosa.