易黄止带汤联合苦参凝胶治疗霉菌性阴道炎临床研究

目的:观察易黄止带汤联合苦参凝胶治疗霉菌性阴道炎(MV)的临床疗效。方法:选取MV患者120例,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各60例。对照组给予酮康唑口服联合克霉唑栓治疗,观察组给予易黄止带汤口服及苦参凝胶阴道给药。比较2组治疗后临床症状消失时间、主要症状总积分、中医疗效、免疫球蛋白A(SIgA)、白细胞介素-2(IL-2)、IL-6、IL-8及降钙素原(PCT)表达情况。结果:观察组临床总有效率为90.00%,显著高于对照组77.70%(P<0.05)。观察组外阴瘙痒消失时间、白带恢复正常以及阴道黏膜充血消失时间均低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗前,2组外阴瘙痒、尿急尿痛及白带量积分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,2组外阴瘙痒、尿急尿痛及白带量积分较治疗前降低(P<0.05),且观察组各症状积分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗前,2组阴道分泌物中SIgA水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,2组阴道分泌物中SIgA水平较治疗前升高,且观察组阴道分泌物中SIgA水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗前,2组血清IL-2、IL-6、IL-8、PCT水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,2组血清IL-2水平较治疗前升高,IL-6、IL-8、PCT水平较治疗前降低;且观察组血清IL-2水平高于对照组,IL-6、IL-8、PCT水平低于对照组;差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:易黄止带汤联合苦参凝胶能缩短MV患者康复时间,提高免疫因子IL-2、SIgA表达,降低炎性反应,提高临床疗效,具有一定临床价值。     

产后阴道炎应用妇肤康喷雾剂治疗效果观察

目的：探讨妇肤康喷雾剂在产后阴道炎治疗中的应用效果。方法选择2012年7月至2013年6月该院80例产后阴道炎患者作为研究对象。对照组患者采用甲硝唑栓治疗，试验组患者采用妇肤康喷雾剂治疗。比较两组患者在治疗效果和不良反应方面的差异性。结果与对照组比较，试验组总有效率明显较高，不良反应发生率明显较低，组间比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论妇肤康喷雾剂在产后阴道炎治疗中具有良好的应用效果，疗效确切、不良反应小，值得临床推广应用。     

中药方与硝酸咪康唑栓治疗复发性霉菌性阴道炎的效果

目的中药组方联合硝酸咪康唑栓治疗复发性霉菌性阴道炎的临床观察。方法在2018年8月-2019年2月期间选择因复发性霉菌性阴道炎就诊于本科室的86例患者进行研究。以抽签方式将患者分为两组,每组患者43例。对比组采用西医传统常规治疗方式,即为硝酸咪康唑栓治疗。试验组采用中药组方与硝酸咪康唑栓治疗联合治疗方式,中药组方采用了我科室自拟经验方。分析两组最终治疗效果。结果试验组治疗有效率为97.67%高于对照组的76.74%,两组差异有统计学意义,χ²=8.443 6,P=0.003 6。结论复发性霉菌性阴道炎治疗中,中药组方与硝酸咪康唑栓联合治疗方式可以作为首选的治疗方案,此方式应用价值明显高于单独硝酸咪康唑栓治疗方案,可见此治疗方式有一定的治疗效果,值得临床应用。     

下生殖道感染与子宫颈细胞学异常的相关性研究

Objective?To study the association between abnormal cervical cytology and bacterial vaginosis (BV), vulvovaginal candidiasis(VVC), trichomonas vaginitis(TV), high-risk human papillomavirus(HR-HPV) infection in women attending cervical cancer screening. Methods?The study recruited 3 300 women aged 21 to 64 years of age who participated in cervical cancer screening. Demographic information was collected. Cervical exfoliated cell specimens were collected for liquid-based cytological diagnosis and HR-HPV detection. Reproductive tract secretions specimens were collected for molecular vaginitis diagnostics from women who were diagnosed with negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy(NILM) and all HR-HPV positive or ≥atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance(ASC-US). The Logistic multivariate model was used to analyze the risk factors of abnormal cervical cytology. Results?645 women were included in the study, including 408 NILM, 182 ASC-US, 23 low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), and 32 high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL). The positive rate of HR-HPV (14.7%, 39.0%, 78.3% and 87.5%) increased with the severity of cytology (P<0.001). The prevalence of BV in different cytological diagnosis (34.1%, 49.5%, 60.9% and 43.8%) were significantly different (P<0.001), and the prevalence of BV in ASC-US were significantly higher than that in women with NILM (P<0.05). The prevalence of VVC in different cytological diagnosis (14.2%, 4.9%, 8.7% and 3.1%) was significantly different (P<0.01), and the ASC-US group was significantly lower than the NILM group (P<0.001). There was also a significant difference in the distribution of the prevalence of TV (2.5%, 9.3%, 4.3%, and 6.3%, P<0.01). The prevalence of TV in women with abnormal cytology was higher than that in women with normal cytology(P<0.05). The Logistic analysis showed that HR-HPV infection, BV, TV, VVC, lower level of education, and postmenopause were related to abnormal cervical cytology. Conclusion?HR-HPV infection is the determinant of abnormal cervical cytology. BV, TV, VVC, lower level of education, postmenopause, etc. may associate with abnormal cervical cytology.     

110例复发性支原体阴道炎的治疗观察

目的：研究治疗顽固性支原体阴道炎的有效方法。方法：将110例患者随机分为观察组和对照组各55例，所有患者均以阿奇霉素全身用药治疗，治疗组另给予外用盐酸环丙沙星栓剂。结果：治疗组55例患者49例治愈，占89．09％，好转5例，占9．09％，1例是无效的，占患者总数的1．82％，对照组55例，37例治愈，占67．27％，好转11例，占20％，7例无效，占12．73％，观察组疗效显著优于对照组，差异有显著性（Hc=23．73，P〈0．05）。结论：支原体阴道炎易反复发作，在治疗期间必须采取综合性的治疗，全身给药结合局部用药，可以完全治愈阴道炎反复发作。     

臭氧治疗滴虫性阴道炎的护理体会

目的探讨臭氧治疗滴虫性阴道炎的效果与护理体会。方法对121例滴虫性阴道炎患者采用臭氧治疗。结果 97例患者好转,有效率80%。结论臭氧治疗滴虫性阴道炎,见效快、无副作用。     

杭州某社区老年性阴道炎发病及影响因素分析

目的 开展社区老年性阴道炎筛查,探讨其影响因素,促进早期诊治,以提高社区老年人群的生活质量.方法 对辖区内55～65岁企事业退休工人开展每年1次的老年性阴道炎筛查,同时进行生殖卫生知识的宣传教育.结果 2011年至2013年分别对辖区内的天水、武林2个街道14个社区的55～ 65岁企事业单位退休女职工开展了筛查,共筛查17 719人次,其中2011年筛查5 626人,检出老年性阴道炎1 223例(21.74％);2012年筛查5 857人,检出老年性阴道炎921例(15.72％);2013年筛查6 236人,检出老年性阴道炎837例(13.42％).2012年老年性阴道炎患病率较2011年显著降低(x2=68.340,P＜0.001),2013年老年性阴道炎患病率较2012年显著降低(x2=12.890,P＜0.001).绝经时间早(OR=2.36,95％CI:1.64 ～3.18)、绝经后性生活不规律(OR=1.95,95％ CI:1.24 ～2.78)是老年性阴道炎的危险因素;个人收入高(OR =0.67,95％ CI:0.44～0.91)、文化程度高(OR =0.71,95％ CI:0.53 ～0.94)、绝经后性生活规律(OR=0.49,95％ CI:0.36～0.59)是保护性因素.结论 老年性阴道炎的发生与文化程度,个人收入,绝经时间,性生活频次等因素有关;社区筛查并宣传教育有助于老年性阴道炎的早诊断,早治疗.     

苦参凝胶联合氟康唑胶囊治疗霉菌性阴道炎的临床观察

霉菌性阴道炎为妇科常见病、多发病,临床易反复发作,给患者带来极大痛苦。本研究通过观察苦参凝胶联合氟康唑胶囊治疗霉菌性阴道炎的临床疗效,旨在寻求一种治疗霉菌性阴道炎的有效方法。笔者将2012年12月—2014年7月本院就诊的85例霉菌性阴道炎患者随机分为治疗组43例和对照组42例,治疗组给予苦参凝胶阴道上药,每晚1次,每次1支,7 d为1个疗程,连用14 d,同时口服氟康唑胶囊治疗,每次150 mg,每3天1次,共4次;对照组单纯给予口服氟康唑胶囊治疗。观察2组患者的总体疗效、治愈率、复发率及临床症状改善情况。结果显示治疗组和对照组的总有效率、治愈率和复发率分别为97.7%,90.7%,2.6%;83.3%,71.4%,20.0%。2组相比差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗组的白带减少、外阴瘙痒消失、外阴阴道疼痛消失及黏膜充血消失的时间明显少于对照组,差异亦具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结果表明,苦参凝胶联合氟康唑胶囊治疗霉菌性阴道炎使全身用药与局部用药相结合,可提高药物抗真菌活性,明显改善患者临床症状,缩短病程,提高治愈率、降低复发率,值得在临床推广应用。     

Metronidazole for the treatment of vaginal infections

Introduction: Metronidazole, undoubtedly the most widely known and used member of the nitroimidazole drug class, remains not only first line therapy for bacterial vaginosis (BV) and trichomoniasis, but serves as drug of first choice. Available and used both orally and topically with high efficacy rates, especially for trichomoniasis, nevertheless numerous unanswered questions remain regarding mechanism of action. Given the extraordinary global frequency of vaginitis due to BV and trichomoniasis, especially the high recurrence rate observed in BV, it is timely to critically examine the therapeutic role of metronidazole in management decisions.

Areas covered: Search methodology used PUBMED literature review. In spite of many years of successful use, multiple questions exist regarding optimal dose and duration of therapy especially in the management of BV. Antimicrobial drug resistance remains uncommon in spite of extensive use. The use of metronidazole for vaginitis is reviewed in this article together with challenges to improving its more effective administration.

Expert opinion: Currently metronidazole or the family of nitroimidazoles, represent the drugs of first choice for trichomonas vaginitis and first line therapy for BV. Drug resistance for both entities remains uncommon; however, in contrast to trichomoniasis where relapse is rare, high recurrence rates are common in women with BV. Metronidazole appears to allow persistence of vaginal microbiome microorganisms which translate into frequent relapses. In the absence of new therapeutic alternatives, strategies are being developed to enhance drug cure rates.     

两种不同用药方案治疗外阴阴道霉菌感染的成本分析

目的 比较治疗外阴阴道霉菌感染的两种不同用药方案的最小成本.方法 运用最小成本分析法（CMA）对氟康唑胶囊＋硝酸咪康唑软胶囊＋百安洗液（A组）、伊曲康唑胶囊＋克霉唑栓＋碳酸氢钠溶液（B组）两种给药方案进行药物经济学分析.结果 两组成本分别是215.59元和159.94元,总有效率分别是96.9％和98.4％,总不良反应率分别是14.1％和12.5％,两组总有效率和总不良反应率无统计学差异（P＞0.05）.结论 在达到相同的治疗效果及总不良反应率无差异的情况下B组的最小成本低于A组,经济学评价效果优于A组.