某高校新生体检结果分析

目的 分析某高校入学新生的体检结果,为制定健康管理措施提供依据。方法 开展某高校入学新生体检(内科、外科、五官科、实验室检查),对血压、肝功与血脂、体质指数、视力、脊柱侧弯等结果进行分析。结果 共调查男生357人,女生641人。高血压患病率1.80%(男2.24%、女1.56%),血脂升高率14.83%(男15.97%、女14.20%),转氨酶升高率4.81%(男8.12%、女2.96%),超重率17.64%(男24.93%、女13.97%),肥胖率7.62%(男12.32%、女4.99%),视力不良率79.36%(男73.67%、女82.53%),脊柱侧弯率1.60%(男1.12%、女1.87%)。不同性别的体质量组构成、血压分型构成、视力不良率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同体质量组的收缩压升高率、血脂升高率、转氨酶升高率、脊柱侧弯率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);超重和肥胖组的收缩压升高率、血脂升高率高于其他组;肥胖组的转氨酶升高率高于其他组;轻体质量组的脊柱侧弯率高于其他组。结论 大学新生的视力不良率和非正常体质量率较高,高血压、血脂异常、肝功异常、脊柱侧弯检出率较低,女生的健康状况优于男生。应重视大学生的健康状况,制定综合干预措施,做好学生健康管理工作。     

慕课在医学生假期课前预习中的应用探讨

高校医学生会利用假期时间对将要学习的科目进行预习,力求提前了解或掌握,以利于日后对知识的充分理解。预习对于医学科目学习有一定必要性,然而传统的假期预习模式常存在缺乏引导、效率难以提升等问题。目前,慕课在医学教育领域的应用有所发展。对于医学生,其自主学习的模式、课程设计等契合医学课程的预习需求和假期学习的特点,有助于提升医学生的学习能力和假期预习效果。医学生将慕课作为假期预习资源可有多种学习模式选择。慕课平台的功能拓展和学校教师的辅助可以有效深入慕课在医学生假期预习中的应用,为医学生带来更合理的假期学习安排。     

Rates of alcohol consumption and risk status among Australian university students vary by assessment questions

Introduction and Aims. Different self‐report methods tend to produce different estimates of alcohol consumption. The present study compares differences in rates and risk levels based on responses to a modified version of the Daily Drinking Questionnaire (m‐DDQ) and quantity‐frequency (QF) questions. Design and Methods. The sample comprised 2082 university students, 61% of whom were female and 39% male with a mean age of 23.5 years. An email containing an online link to a brief six‐question survey was emailed to students enrolled in participating faculties at the University of Wollongong, Australia. Current drinkers completed m‐DDQ and QF questions about alcohol consumption. Results. QF methods identified significantly lower estimates of consumption (Mean = 9.15, SD = 12.51) compared with m‐DDQ (Mean = 13.06, SD = 14.07). Allocation to risk categories based on the Australian Alcohol Guidelines were conducted for both the m‐DDQ and QF methods. Almost twice as many students were found to be drinking at levels considered risky using the m‐DDQ method compared with QF. In addition, the relative rank order of participants varied significantly between the two methods. Discussion and Conclusions. The m‐DDQ method identified higher rates of drinking and categorised almost twice as many individuals into risky categories of drinking compared with QF. Such variations have major implications for identification of risk groups in health promotion or prevention programs.[Utpala‐Kumar R, Deane FP. Rates of alcohol consumption and risk status among Australian university students vary by assessment questions. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009]     

青岛市某高校学生精神药物使用情况调查

本文采用个人自填问卷方式，对青岛市某高校三年级和五年级学生使用包括酒类、香烟在内的精神药物的情况进行调查。结果表明大学生对酒、香烟等精神药物的使用较为普遍。其中烟、酒的使用率随着年级的增长而提高，五年级学生饮酒、抽烟率明显高于三年级学生（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示大学生中酒、香烟等精神药物的使用问题是值得注意的。     

Ethanol regulated preference in rats

A series of experiments evaluated the determinants of preference for mixtures of ethanol plus sucrose relative to sucrose in rats. One dipper served 10% ethanol mixed with 10% sucrose, and the second dipper served 10% sucrose. Lever presses operated each dipper according to a variable-interval 5-s schedule. In three experiments the subjects were given pre-session meals of sucrose (2.5–20 ml) or sucrose (20 ml) plus chow (5 or 10 g). Pre-session meals decreased responding maintained by sucrose but not responding maintained by ethanol mixture. In two experiments body weight was varied from 85% to 125% of the initial free-feeding values. Increases in body weight, like pre-session meals, decreased responding reinforced by sucrose, but typically did not decrease responding reinforced by ethanol mixture. Throughout most of the study, ethanol consumption remained at about 1.25 ml per half hour session (3–4 g/kg per 30 min). For example, pre-session access to ethanol mixture decreased within-session ethanol consumption, but total consumption, counting both sources, remained about 1.25 ml/session. The within-session patterns of responding also differed. Responding reinforced by ethanol mix decreased as a function of ethanol consumption, whereas responding reinforced by sucrose was relatively constant throughout the session. The simplest explanation of the results is that ethanol's pharmacological consequences regulated preference.     

医学高校继续医学教育思路与措施

对高等医学院校开展继续医学教育的指导思想和工作的思路进行阐述；提出了开展继续医学教育的有效措施：大力宣传继续医学教育，树立终身教育观念；建立健全组织机构，明确工作职责；完善继续医学教育规章制度，建立有效的运行机制；注重继续医学教育项目举办和基地建设，实行目标管理；规范管理继续医学教育项目，严格掌握证书的发放。     

信息时代高校图书馆信息服务的拓展

论述了信息时代高校图书馆信息服务的优势、模式、特点，探讨了高校图书馆拓展信息服务的策略。     

我国医学高校筹资、成本和效率评价--基本框架和概述

“中国高等医学院校筹资、成本分析和经济效益评价研究”是国家教育部高教司和卫生部科教司立项课题，共产出5篇论文。主要分析研究课题的基本框架，重点介绍研究背景、研究思路、研究目的、资料来源与调查方法，以及产生出的几篇论文的安排。     

历史传承与现代追寻——论医学院校校园文化的生成与构建

本文从校园文化的内涵与外延入手，就如何构建医学院校校园文化进行了探索。     

硕士生睡眠质量状况及其与心理健康的相关研究

目的了解硕士生睡眠质量状况及其与心理健康的关系;为提高硕士生的睡眠质量和心理健康水平提供参考。方法采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)对高校298名硕士生进行睡眠质量和心理健康调查。结果①以PSQI总分≥8作为判断睡眠质量问题的标准,27.4%的硕士生存在睡眠质量问题,睡眠质量不佳主要体现在日间功能障碍(58.4%)、入睡时间(38.6%)、睡眠质量(31%)和睡眠障碍(19.3%)。②一、二年级与三年级在入睡时间上存在显著差异(P<0.05)。公费和自费硕士生在PSQI总分和睡眠效率上存在显著性差异。文科和理科硕士生在催眠药物和日间功能障碍上存在显著性差异。年龄≥30岁和年龄<30岁的硕士生在睡眠效率上存在显著性差异。③硕士生PSQI总分及大多数成份与SCL-90各因子呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。④不同睡眠质量硕士生的心理健康状况分析显示,睡眠质量好、一般和差的硕士生在SCL-90均分及各因子得分上存在显著性差异。结论研究生睡眠质量不尽人意;睡眠质量与心理健康高度相关。各个部门及研究生自身应该引起高度重视,保证良好睡眠,促进身心健康。